ANNEX 1
CHECKLIST FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES OF INLAND FISHERIES

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

• geographical data (climate, soils, fish species, other resources) and environmental issues affecting the area;
• infrastructure
• services; schools, medical centres, extension services, markets, transport, credit facilities
  general economic conditions

2. POPULATION

2.1 Characteristics

• population by age, gender, ethnic group, religion, education, occupation, permanent/temporary resident, marital status
• population growth
• health and nutrition status

2.2 Settlement

• patterns of settlement, historical development and changes;
• patterns of mobility (permanent/ seasonal/periodic/ rural-urban/ urban-rural) and in- and out- migration trends;
• characteristics of migrants/settlers
• reasons for migration

2.3 Household structure

• age and gender of the household head
• age and gender of members of the household and their relationship to the household heads
• permanent/ migrating members
• roles of members

3. ACTIVITY PROFILE

productive activities:
all by gender and age, time spent on the activity, seasonality of the activities

• fishing
  • fishing for home consumption
  • fishing for sale/barter

  • processing, transport, trading

• Agriculture
  • food crop production
  • cash crop production
  • fruit production
  • livestock raising

  • sales/ processing, transport, trading

• Others
  • trading
  • manufacturing, repair, maintenance of equipment and implements (for household use, fishing agriculture processing, transport)
  • provision of services (e.g. catering for fishing crew, accommodation, urban traders, charcoal burning, pit sawyers)
  • beer brewing

  • wager labouring, piece work

3.2 Reproductive activities:
by gender and age; time spent

• food production, processing and preparation
• water and fuel provision
• household chores
• child care and care for the sick
• maintenance and repairs in the house and compound

3.3 Community activities:
by gender and age; time stunt; seasonality

• participation in church, party, and civic activities
• participation in self-help activities
• attending meetings
• social obligation

4. RESOURCES PROFILE

4.1 Access to and control over factors of production by age, gender, ethnic group and form of residence (permanent/ temporary)

• land (acquisition, allocation, quality, distance use lease, sale, inheritance)
• fishing area, fishing rights
• labour (intra-/extra- household)
• capital, credit (formal/informal)
• technology/ skills (including extension services)
• implements/equipment
• services (consumption needs, transport facilities, hammermills, health services)
• benefit and surplus production
• usage of income/ household expenditure (consumption/ investment/ services)

5. FACTORS INFLUENCING ACTIVITIES, ACCESS AND CONTROL

5.1 Customary issues

• tribal history and interactions
• kinship system and dominant ideology; influence
• heritage practices
• customary/territorial rights
• social norms
• traditional authority
• witchcraft and jealousy
• gender ideology

5.2 Social organization

• stratification (within community/ between the gender) and determination of factors
• differences between fishery and non-fishery households
• opinion leaders for different groups/gender
• support systems and forms of cooperation
• mechanisms for solving conflicts (intra-/ inter- household)
• means of communication; formal and informal (by gender)

6. DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES

• general government policies and political events
• regulations affecting the area
• relationship of the community with the government administration/ external assistance organizations
• project/ programme carried out or implemented and their impact.

7. FISHERY

7.1 Historical developments in the fishery

• movement of fishery communities over the years
• changes in technologies
• changes in subsistence/ commercial value of fish
• changes in interference of traditional or governmental authorities in fishery management

7.2 Fishing practices

• Fishing methods and occurrence
• characteristics of fishermen/women using methods
• fishing seasons, days by seasons, day/nights in shore/off-shore

• Catch rates: quantity, species, locality, seasonality
• relation of catch rate and number of boats, gears, fishermen and methods

7.3 Fishing equipment

• equipment used, quality, life span, availability, value and costs
• level of ownership/ pooling of equipment used (boats, engine, gears, lamps, sails, traps etc): self owned, shared or leased
• types of sharing/ leasing
  • conditions
  • relation between the parties (i.e. relatives, employer-employee)

  • characteristics of the different parties: age, gender, types of settlement

• location and costs of assets

7.4 Labour organization

• labour division within the households, fishing units and constraints
• pooling of labour/ forms of cooperation and characteristics of the people involved

• crew/ helpers employed:

  • types of activities
  • wages or sharing arrangement
  • relation to owner (relatives, patron etc)

• division of income along the chain from harvesting to trading

7.5 Disposal of products

• Relative occurrence of several forms of processed fish
  • Quantity of fish consumed by fishing households (fresh/ processed) and arrangements between a fisherman and his wives/ extended family/ others (preference, sales or gifts)
  • quantity and prices of fresh fish sold to traders, processors (by gender, destinations)
  • quality and prices of fish processed and sold (by gender, destination)
  • quantity, prices and types of fish sold locally, sold within the district, sold in the urban centre within province and sold outside the province
  • profitability (fixed/variable costs, revenue) for different processing types
  • post-harvest losses and causes

7.6 Processing

• characteristics of the processors: age, gender, forms of residence (permanent/temporary)
• relationship to the fisherman who sold/supplies the fish and the processors
• quantities smoked, salted and sundried and their marketability
• competition
• methods of smoking
• equipment used and ownership
• location of processing(on shore, on the lake, inland villages)
• who provides the firewood, salt, packing materials needed
• shelf life
• storage and transport

7.7 Fish trade and marketing

• characteristics of traders/ marketeers of fish by gender, age, permanent/ temporary resident
• forms in which fish is marketed, by types of traders and markets
• ways of price-setting for barter and cash sales
• profitability
• competition among traders
• types of goods provided by returning fish traders (e.g. gears, essential commodities, spare parts)
• transport arrangements and costs
• occurrence of middlemen/ wholesalers
• relationship between fishing units, fishermen and traders
• existence and functions of fish marketing system/facilities.