Rome, 1999
FAO
FISHERIES
TECHNICAL
PAPER
386
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations
Rome, 1999
Edited by
Dominique Gréboval
FAO Fisheries Department
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M-43
ISBN 92-5-104295-0
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© FAO 1999
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ON THE ECONOMICS OF OVERCAPITALIZATION/EXCESS CAPACITY IN FISHERIES2.1 The issue
2.2 Overcapitalization and excess capacity in standard economics
2.3 Overcapitalization and regulated open access fisheries
2.4 Overcapitalization and the pure open access fishery3. THE CONTROL AND REDUCTION OF OVERCAPITALIZATION/EXCESS CAPACITY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Some general comments
3.3 Incentive blocking management measures3.3.1 TACs-only
3.3.2 License limitation schemes
3.3.3 Vessel catch limits
3.3.4 Individual effort quotas
3.3.5 Gear and vessel restrictions3.4 Incentive adjusting measures
3.4.1 Taxes
3.4.2 Individual harvest quotas
3.4.3 Co-management and community-based fisheries management4.1 Subsidies
4.2 Defining a proper framework for the management of fishing capacity
4.3 Considerations relative to the distribution of wealth
4.4 Transboundary and high seas fishery resources
1. INTRODUCTION
2. REVIEW OF THE DIFFICULTIES IN ASSESSING HIGH SEAS CAPACITY
3. INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELATING TO THE CONTROL AND REDUCTION OF CAPACITY
4. MANAGEMENT APPROACHES TO THE CONTROL AND REDUCTION OF CAPACITY
5. ESTIMATES OF CAPACITY REDUCTIONS REQUIRED IN THE INDUSTRIAL FLEET
6. ALTERNATIVE MEASURES FOR CONTROL AND REDUCTION OF CAPACITY
7. POSSIBILITIES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CAPACITY INCLUDING STRENGTHENING REGIONAL COOPERATION
8. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Note on Technology Coefficients
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. INTRODUCTION
2. CAPACITY AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION2.1 Background production concepts
2.1.1 the production function
2.1.2 production and fisheries2.2 Primal-based capacity and capacity utilization: traditional concept
2.3 Economic-derived capacity and capacity utilization
2.4 Capacity utilization versus capital utilization
2.5 Variable input utilization rate
2.6 Capacity and capital utilization in fisheries3. REVIEW OF CAPACITY IN FISHERIES
3.1 Available fishing effort
3.2 Capacity output and capacity utilization: technologically-derived primal approach3.2.1 fleet hold capacity
3.2.2 peak-to-peak method
3.2.3 maximum sustainable yield
3.2.4 A fishing mortality (F) based approach to capacity4. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Relationship between capital stock and capacity output
4.2 Multiproduct and multistock fisheries
4.3 Multiple fisheries
4.4 Heterogeneous capital stock
4.5 Fishing effort
4.6 Standardization of fishing power
4.7 Fishing time (activity)
4.8 Measures of the capital stock
4.9 Fishing skill
4.10 Productivity growth and technical progress5. POTENTIAL AND RECOMMENDED MEASURES FOR CAPACITY
5.1 The need for an input-oriented measure
5.2 Fisheries-specific issues in the measurement of capacity and capacity utilization
5.3 Empirical approaches for assessing capacity5.3.1 Peak-to-peak
5.3.2 Factor requirements function
5.3.3 The frontier approach
5.3.4 Dual economic approach
5.3.5 The data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach
5.3.6 Maximum potential effort6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX I - RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL STOCK AND CAPACITY OUTPUT
APPENDIX II - CAPACITY OUTPUT AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION
APPENDIX III - CAPITAL UTILIZATION
APPENDIX IV - FISHING POWER
APPENDIX V - DETAILED LITERATURE REVIEW
APPENDIX VI - CAPACITY REDUCTION PROGRAMMES
APPENDIX VII - PEAK-TO-PEAK METHOD
APPENDIX VIII - HOLD CAPACITY
APPENDIX IX - MEASUREMENT ISSUES
APPENDIX X - RESOURCE STOCK FLUCTUATIONS
APPENDIX XI - EMPIRICAL APPROACHES FOR ASSESSING CAPACITY AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION
APPENDIX XII - CONVERTING ESTIMATES OF CAPITAL STOCKS TO FLOWS
APPENDIX XIII - ISSUES IN CAPACITY UTILIZATION
APPENDIX XIV - STOCHASTIC PRODUCTION FRONTIERS
APPENDIX XV - DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)
APPENDIX XVI - CAPACITY AND LABOUR UTILIZATION
REFERENCES
GLOSSARY
CHAPTER 4 - ASSESSING EXCESS FISHING CAPACITY AT WORLD-WIDE LEVEL (Dominique Gréboval)
1. BASIC DIFFICULTIES IN ASSESSMENT
2. PREVIOUS GLOBAL ESTIMATES
3. CURRENT ESTIMATE
4. CONCLUSION
5. DISCUSSION