Appendix II-2: Legend of the General Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe

I ZONAL FORMATIONS
A A1 A2	Polar deserts and subnival-nival vegetation of high mountains Arctic polar deserts Subnival vegetation of high mountains in the boreal and and nemoral zone
B B1 B2 B3 B4 B5	Arctic tundras and alpine vegetation Northern arctic tundras Middle arctic tundras Southern arctic and shrub tundras Mountain tundras and sparse mountain vegetation Alpine vegetation in boreal, nemoral and Mediterranean zone
C C1 C2 C3	Subarctic, boreal and nemoral montane open woodlands, as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation Eastern boreal woodlands Western boreal and nemoral-montane birch forests, partly with pine forests Subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation (forests, scrub and dwarf shrub communities in combination with grasslands and tall forb communities)
D D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12	Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broadleaved–coniferous forests Western boreal spruce forests, partly with pine, birch, alder Northern boreal types Middle boreal types Southern boreal types Eastern boreal pine-spruce and fir-spruce forests, partly with birch, larch Northern boreal types Middle boreal types Southern boreal types Montane (Ural) types Hemiboreal spruce and fir-spruce forests with broad-leaved trees: a) lowland-colline, partly submontane types, b) montane (Ural) types Montane to altimontane, partly submontane fir and spruce forests in the nemoral zone Boreal and hemiboreal pine forests, partly with birch, spruce Northern boreal pine forests Middle and southern to hemiboreal pine forests: a) lowland-colline types, b) montane types Hemiboreal and nemoral pine forests, partly with broad-leaved trees: a) lowland (to submontane) types, b) montane to altimontane types
E	Atlantic dwarf shrub heaths
F F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7	Mesophytic deciduous broad-leaved and mixed coniferous-broadleaved forests Acidophilous oak and mixed oak forests, poor in species. a) lowland to submontane types, b) montane to altimontane types Mixed oak-ash forests Mixed oak-hornbeam forests Lime-oak forests: a) lowland colline types, b) submontane-montane types Beech and mixed beech forests: a) lowland to submontane types b) montane to altimontane types, partly with fir and spruce Oriental beech and hornbeam-Oriental beech forests Caucasian mixed hornbeam-oak forests
G G1 G2 G3 G4	Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests Subcontinental thermophilous (mixed) pedunculate oak and sessile oak forests Sub-Mediterranean-subcontinental thermophilous bitter oak forests, as well as mixed forests Sub-Mediterranean and meso-supra-Mediterranean downy oak forests, as well as mixed forests Mediterranean oak forest
H	Hygro-thermophyllous mixed deciduous broadleaved forest
J J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8	Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub Meso- and supra Mediterranean, as well as relict sclerophyllous forests Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia forests: a) Meso-Mediterranean types, b) Supra-Mediterranean and relict types Holm oak forests: a) Meso-Mediterranean types, b) Supra-Mediterranean and relict types Cork oak forests Kermes oak forests and scrub Thermo-Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and xerophytic scrub Thermo-Mediterranean cork oak forests Thermo-Mediterranean Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia forests Wild olive-locust tree forests Thermo-Mediterranean xerophytic scrub
K K1 K2 K3 K4	Xerophytic coniferous forests and scrub Nemoral, sub-and oro-Mediterranean pine forests Meso- to thermo-Mediterranean pine forests Meso- and supra-Mediterranean fir forests Juniper and cypress woodlands and scrub
L L1 L2	Forest steppes (meadow steppes or dry grasslands alternating with deciduous broadleaved forests or xerophytic scrub) Subcontinental meadow steppes and dry grassland alternating with oak forests or scrub: a) Lowland colline types, b) submontane to montane types Sub-Mediterranean-subcontinental lowland to montane herb-grass steppes, partly meadow steppes, alternating with oak forests with Acer tataricum
M M1 M2 M3 M4	Steppes Herb-rich grass steppe: a) lowland colline types, b) montane type Herb-grass steppe: a) lowland colline types, b) montane type Grass steppes Desert steppes
N	Oroxerophytic vegetation (thorn cushion communities, tommilares, mountain steppes, partly scrub)
O O1 O2	Deserts Northern lowland dwarf semishrub deserts Southern lowland-colline dwarf semishrub deserts with ephemeroids
II AZONAL FORMATIONS
P P1 P2	Coastal vegetation and inland halophytic vegetation Vegetation of costal sand dunes and sea shores, often in combination with halophytic vegetation, partly with vegetation of rocky sea shores Coastal and inland halophytic vegetation
R	Tall reed and tall sedge swamps, aquatic vegetation
S S1 S2 S3	Mires Ombrotrophic mires Arctic-subarctic ombro-minerotrophic mires Minerotrophic mires
T	Fen and swamp forests
U U1 U2	Vegetation of flood plains, estuaries and freshwater polders Flood-plain vegetation and moist lowland forests Vegetation of estuaries and freshwater polders