by
J.D. Rhoades
US Salinity Laboratory
United States Department of Agriculture
Riverside, California, USA
A. Kandiah
Water Resources, Development and Management Service
Land and Water Development Division, FAO and
A.M. Mashali
Soil Resources, Management and Conservation Service
Land and Water Development Division, FAO
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 1992
|
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. |
M-56 ISBN 92-5-103237-8
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.
© FAO 1992
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
Chapter 2 - Saline waters as resources
Quality characteristics of saline waters
Definitions and Indices of Salinity Related Parameters
Classification of Saline Waters
Chapter 3 - Examples of use of saline waters for irrigation
United States of America
Israel
Tunisia
India
Egypt
Chapter 4 - Water quality assessment
Effects of Salts on Soils
Effects of Salts on Plants
Effects of Salts on Crop QualityCriteria and Standards for Assessing Suitability of Saline Water for Irrigation
Considerations in Assessing Permeability and Tilth Hazards
Considerations in Assessing Salinity and Toxicity HazardsMethods and models for assessing the suitability of saline water for irrigation and crop production
Use of the Watsuit Computer Model
Description of input requirements and operation of Watsuit model
Example of use of the Watsuit model
Use of a Non-computer Version of Watsuit Model
Use of a production-function model
Chapter 5 - Environmental and ecological aspects
Nature and causes of environmental problems
Soil degradation (salinization and waterlogging)
Water pollution
Ecosystem disturbances
Water-borne diseases
Chapter 6 - Management principles and practices for safe use of saline water
Management guiding principles
Management for crop productionGrowing suitably tolerant crops
Managing seedbeds and grading fields to minimize local accumulations of salinity
Managing soils under saline water irrigation
Operating delivery systems efficiently
Irrigating efficiently
Monitoring soil water and salinity and assessing adequacy of leaching and drainageManagement for environmental protection
Practices to control salinity in water resources
Integrated strategy to facilitate the use of saline waters for irrigation, to minimize drainage disposal problems and to maximize the beneficial use of multiple water sources