a.c.
alternating current
AGID
agar-gel immunodiffusion
APHCA
Regional Animal Production and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific (FAO)
BK
bovine kidney
BSA
bovine serum albumin
BVD
bovine virus diarrhoea
BVDV
bovine virus diarrhoea virus
°C
degrees Celsius
C'
complement
CCL-44
bovine turbinate cells (American Type Culture Collection)
CDV
canine distemper virus
C-ELISA
competitive elisa
CF
complement fixation
CIEP
counterimmunoelectrophoresis
cm
centimetre
CMFS
calcium-and magnesium-free saline (PBSA)
CO2
carbon dioxide
CPE
cytopathic effect
DAB
3,3'- diaminobenzidinetetra-hydrochloride
dATP
d-adenosine 5'-triphosphate
d.c.
direct current
dCTP
d-cytidine 5'-triphosphate
DEAE
diethylaminoethyl
dGTP
d-guanosine 5'-triphosphate
DMV
dolphin morbilivirus
DPX
distrene 80, plasticizer, xylene
dTTP
d-thymidine 5'-triphosphate
E/199
medium 199 with Earle's salts
ED50
50 percent effective dose
EDTA
ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
EEL
Evans Electrosolenium Ltd
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EM
electron microscopy
FCS
foetal calf serum
FITC
fluorescein isothiocyanate
FMD
foot-and-mouth disease
g
gram; gravity unit
GMEM
Glasgow modification of Eagle's minimal essential medium
HCI
hydrochloric acid
HEPA
high-efficiency particle air filter
HRP
horseradish peroxidase
HSLS
high-sugar low-amino acid supplemented medium
IATA
International Air Transport Association
ID50
50 percent infectious dose
IF
immunofluorescence
IgA
immunoglobulin A
IgG
immunoglobulin gamma
IgM
immunoglobulin macro
IIF
indirect immunofluorescence
IIP
indirect immunoperoxidase
IP
immunoprecipitating
IPS
immunoperoxidase staining
IU
international units
kHz
kilohertz
M
molar
MAb
monoclonal antibody
MCF
malignant catarrhal fever
MEM
minimal essential medium
2ME
B-2-mercaptoethanol
mg
milligram
MHI
measles haemagglutination inhibition
MINEADEP
Middle and Near East Regional Animal Production and Health Project (FAO)
ml
millilitre
mm
millimetre
mM
millimolar
mol
gram-molecule
MV
measles virus
m g
microgram
m 1
microlitre
m m
micrometre
nm
nanometre (10-9m)
NADL
National Animal Diseases Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, United States
OAU
Organization of African Unity
OD
optical density
OIE
International Office of Epizootics, Paris, France
OPD
orthophenylene diamine
OS
ox serum
OSD
optimal sensitizing dose
PAP
peroxidase-antiperoxidase
PBMCs
peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PBS
phosphate-buffered saline
PBSA
phosphate-buffered saline (Dulbecco's solution A)
PCR
polymerase chain reaction
PCV
packed cell volume
PDV
phocine distemper virus
pH
hydrogen-ion concentration
PHA
passive haemagglutination
PI
post-inoculation
PPRV
peste des petits ruminants virus
RBC
red blood cell
RBOK
rinderpest bovine "O" Kabete
RPV
rinderpest virus
RT
reverse transcriptase
RZ
Reinheitszahl
S
Svedberg
SK
sheep kidney
TBS
tris-buffered saline
TCID50
50 percent tissue culture infectious dose
TPB
tryptose phosphate broth
UV
ultraviolet
v
volt
VBS
veronal buffer saline
Vero
african green monkey kidney cell line
VIC
veterinary investigation centre
VN
virus neutralizing
VN50
50 percent neutralizing titre
VNT
virus neutralization test
VT
versene-trypsin
v/v
volume to volume
WHO
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
WRLRP
World Reference Laboratory for Rinderpest
w/v
weight to volume
ZST
zinc sulphate turbidity
