Ictalurus catus L.: ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus melas (RAFINESQUE)/I. nebulosus LESUEUR: ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus melas (RAFINESQUE): ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus nebulosus (LESUEUR): ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus punctatus (RAFINESQOE): ICTALURIDAE
Ictiobus bubalus (VALENCIENNES): CATASTOMIDAE
Ictiobus cyprinellus (VALENCIENNES): CATASTOMIDAE
Ictiobus niger (RAFINESQUE): CATASTOMIDAE
Labeo rohita HAMILTON: CYPRINIDAE
Lates niloticus L: CENTROPOMIDAE
Lepomis auritus L.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis cyanellus RAFINESQUE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis gibbosus L.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis gulosus (CUVIER): CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis macrochirus RAFINESQUE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis microlophus (GUNTHER): CEHTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis sp.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Leucaspius delineatus HECKEL: CYPRINIDAE
Leuciscus idus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Leuciscus leuciscus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Limnothrissa miodon (BOULENGER): CLUPEIDAE
Macrobrachium amazonicum (HELLER): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macrobrachium lar (FABRICIUS): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (DE MAN): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macropodus opercularis (L.): ANABANTIDAE
Macropodus sp.; ANABANTIDAE
Micropterus coosae HUBBS and BAILEY: CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus dolomieui LACEPEDE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus punctulatus (RAPINESQUE); CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus salmoides (LACEPEDE): CENTRARCHIDAE
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR): COBITIDAE
Monopterus albus (ZUIEW): SYNBRANCHIDAE
Morone chrysops (RAFINESQUE): PERCICHTHYIDAE
Morone saxatilis (WALBAUM): PERCICHTHYIDAE
Mylopharyngodon piceus (RICHARDSON): CYPRINIDAE
Native range: Rivers of the Atlantic coastal states of the U.S.A. from Florida to New York.
The white catfish is a medium sized catfish (60 cm approx) which inhabits both ponds and rivers. It has been widely distributed within the United States outside its native range.
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1938 |
|
Reason: Sport and subsistence fishing |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Marginally successful and of limited value for sport. | ||
Native range: East and Central North America
The taxonomic status of these two species and their subspecies is somewhat confused and there is doubt as to which of the two is present in some countries.
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Forms basis of a commercial fishery. | ||
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Belgium |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Voracious and undesirable species viewed as a pest. | ||
|
To: Germany |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1885 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Regarded as a nuisance. | ||
|
To: Hungary |
From: Germany |
Year: 1902 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Originally damaged local stocks but since declined. | ||
|
To: Ireland |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
To: Italy |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Norway |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1890 |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: Poland |
From: Germany |
Year: 1900s |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Not abundant but regarded as a nuisance. | ||
|
To: Yugoslavia |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1905 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Undesirable. |
|
|
Native range: East and Central North America
The black bullhead is a small catfish (38 cm approx) which prefers ponds and swampy areas. No direct ecological homo-logue exists in many parts of Europe and the species has consequently colonized the marshy backswamps of some rivers where it tends to be unpopular because of its tendency to form dense stunted populations.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: France |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1885 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Very common in ponds and canals ail over the country. | ||
|
To: Italy |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1800's |
|
Reason: To stock lakes |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Well established in certain water bodies. | ||
|
To: Netherlands |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Rare. |
|
|
|
To: U.K. |
From: Italy |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Chile |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1907 |
|
Reason: Food fishery |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: East and Central North America
The brown bullhead is slightly larger than Ictalurus melas and tends to require cleaner and deeper water. The species has become established in several countries. It has little sporting or commercial value and is frequently regarded as a nuisance.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: France |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1930-50 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Common in ponds and small lakes throughout country. | ||
|
To: Netherlands |
From: Belgium |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Diffusion of acclimatized fish |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Locally common. | ||
|
To: U.K. |
From: Italy |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Hawaii |
From: California |
Year: 1893 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Not established. | ||
|
To: New Zealand |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1877 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Spreading in range throughout North Island; Regarded as a nuisance as it competes with eel (Patchell, 1977). | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Chile |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1908 |
|
Reason: Food fishery |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1916 |
|
Reason: Sport and subsistence |
Reproducing: Yes | |
Native range: Central and Eastern United States
The channel catfish is a large (125 cm) warn temperate species which is of great importance to aquaculture. The species has been widely distributed in Canada and the United States outside its native range. It has also been introduced outside of Northern America for aquaculture and sports fisheries. Successes with these introductions have been varied. In Europe for example the species has had little impact, but in Latin America it forms the basis for a rapidly growing aquaculture for export and local consumption. With the high commercial demand for cat fish expansion of current culture can be anticipated with the introduction of the species to further countries.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Nigeria |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1970, 1976 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
Asia | ||
|
To: China |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1982 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Korea |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1972 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
Comments: Unsuccessful. |
|
|
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Belgium |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1984 |
|
Reason: Warm water aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Cyprus |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1975 |
|
Reason: Sport and aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: Italy |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1976 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: U.K. |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1968 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Yugoslavia |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1971 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes in two farms only | |
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Guam |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1966 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Hawaii |
From: Continental U.S.A. |
Year: 1953 |
|
Reason: Stocking reservoirs |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Established in one reservoir on Oahu Island. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Brazil |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1971 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Cuba |
From: Mexico |
Year: 1979 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Dominican Republic |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1970 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Panama |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1938 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes | |
Native range: Larger tributaries of the Mississippi basin
The smallmouth buffalo is a medium sized (78 cm) temperate water fish which prefers waters with modest current. It has been successfully introduced to Arizona within the U.S.A. but there is only one record of an attempted introduction to Europe and this indicates that the attempt was unsuccessful.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Rumania |
From: North America |
Year: 1980's |
|
Reason: Aquaculture in the Danube delta |
Reproducing: Unknown | |
Native range: Mississippi River drainage
The Bigmouth buffalo is common in the sluggish waters of oxbows and lakes in its native range. It has been successfully introduced to Arizona and California within the U.S. and also to Cuba, but attempts to introduce the species to Eastern Europe have had uncertain results.
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason:. Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Rumania |
From: North America |
Year: 1980's |
|
Reason: Aquaculture in the Danube delta |
Reproducing: Unknown | |
|
Middle East | ||
|
To: Israel |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Experimental aquaculture |
Reproducing: No | |
|
Comments: Stocked into L. Tiberias in 1960-62; last record from lake 1974. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Cuba |
From: U.S.S.R. |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Mississippi River drainage and Northeast Mexico
The Black buffalo is found in faster flowing water than the two former species. It has been introduced to Arizona within the United States. Its introduction into Europe has not been documented as having been successful but the Soviet origin of the Cuban stocking material argues that stocks have been successfully maintained in Russia.
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Rumania |
From: North America |
Year: 1980's |
|
Reason: Aquaculture in Danube Delta |
Reproducing Unknown | |
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Cuba |
From: U.S.S.R. |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Indian sub-continent
The Rohu is one of the group of cyprinids known as the Indian major carps. It is highly favoured for stocking reservoirs and for aquaculture in India where it has been introduced widely outside its native range in the Ganges basin. Its bottom feeding habits make it ideally suited for rearing in rural domestic ponds and for polyculture. The species has been introduced to a number of countries outside of the Indian sub-continent and have been registered as useful for culture in Mauritius and the Philippines. Unfortunately it is less clear to what extent rohu has been successful in some of the other areas to which it has been introduced.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Madagascar |
From: India |
Year: 1961, 1970 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Mauritius |
From: India |
Year: 1960 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widespread throughout the island. | ||
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: India |
Year: 1965 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
Comments: Part of a mixed lot of Indian major carp seed including Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and L. rohita (Jhingran and Pullin, 1985). | ||
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Japan |
From: India |
Year: 1961 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
Comments: Part of a mixed lot of Indian major carp seed including Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and L. rohita (Jhingran and Pullin, 1985). | ||
|
To: Malaysia |
From: India |
Year: 1957-70 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Part of a mixed lot of Indian major carp seed including Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and L. rohita (Jhingran and Pullin, 1985). | ||
|
To: Philippines |
From: India |
Year: 1964 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
Comments: Useful for stocking lakes as is better than local species but does not breed. | ||
|
To: Sri Lanka |
From: India |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Thailand |
From: India |
Year: 1968 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: India |
Year: 1966 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
Comments: Part of a mixed lot of Indian major carp seed including Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala and L. rohita (Jhingran and Pullin, 1985). | ||
Native range: Nile and Niger river systems
The Nile perch is a large (150 en) predator which was introduced into Lake Victoria. This introduction changed the ecology of the lake by virtually eliminating the many species of small cichlids which comprised a unique species flock. At the same time the fisheries of the lake have been simplified although the total catch has continued to rise. The longer term effects of the introduction will take many years to evaluate as at the time of writing no equilibrium had been reached between the fishery, Nile perch and the prey species. Nile perch introductions have been considered by U.S.A. (Texas) and by Australia for sports fisheries but these projects have been abandoned.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Kenya (L. Victoria) |
From: Uganda, L. Albert |
Year: 1954 |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Introduction remains to be fully evaluated. The species has been accused of destruction of native fish stocks but has also given rise to an expanded fishery. | ||
|
To: Tanzania (L. Victoria) |
From: Uganda, |
L. Albert Year: 1954 |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Introduction remains to be fully evaluated. The species has been accused of destruction of native fish stocks but has also given rise to an expanded fishery. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Cuba |
From: Ethiopia |
Year: 1982, 1983 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture, sport |
|
Reproducing: Artificially |
Native range: Eastern Rivers of U.S.A. and Canada
The redbreasted sunfish is a common species in rivers within its native range and has been transplanted to several areas in the United States. International introductions have been limited, but have general resulted in self sustaining populations. In Italy the species is considered a pest due to its forming dense populations of stunted fish.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Italy |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1957 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Have formed dense populations supplanting local Alburnus alborellus in mountain lakes (Vooren, 1972). | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Mexico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Forage species |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1957 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Limited distribution. | ||
Native range: East Central North America
Like L. auritus the green sunfish has been transplanted outside its native range in the Eastern and Central United States until it is generally present everywhere but in the Northwest. The species has been extensively introduced to other countries mainly as forage for black bass. In tropical Africa attempted introductions have generally been unsuccessful but where the species has taken hold it has proved unpopular because it stunts. Experience from other continents is limited.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Congo |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Kenya |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Madagascar |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1954 |
|
Reason: Forage fish |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Mauritius |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1950 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
Comments: Stunts. |
|
To: Morocco |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Private introduction |
|
Reproducing: Yes |
|
To: South Africa |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1939 |
|
Reason: Forage fish for bass |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Widespread in slow flowing temperate waters, usually occupies smallish, stagnant and well-vegetated dams which become over-populated; as a result regarded as a pest (Jackson, 1976). | ||
|
To: Swaziland |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1939 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Zambia |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1940 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: After initially breeding prolifically in small dams declined in number and has disappeared (Toots, 1970). | ||
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Japan |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
To: Korea |
From: Japan |
Year: 1969 |
|
Reason: To fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: Philippines |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1950 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in highland rivers. | ||
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Germany |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Restricted to an area near Frankfurt. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Brazil |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1930s |
|
Reason: Forage |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Northeastern North America
The pumpkinseed has a more Northerly distribution than the two previous species and is more resistant to low temperatures. It has been transplanted to many of the more Westerly states in the U.S and to Central and Western Canada. International introductions have mainly been to Europe where the species has been assigned pest status in many countries. The pattern of introductions is not clear and origins are frequently unknown so the species may have diffused from one country to another particularly through the North European canal and river network.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Congo |
From: France |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Morocco |
From: France |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Belgium |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Ornament and Sport |
|
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Comments: A voracious species locally achieving pest status in some calm waters. | ||
|
To: France |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1885, 1930-50 |
|
Reason: Accident |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widely spread throughout lowland rivers; not appreciated due to predation on young of more favoured species. | ||
|
To: Germany |
From: East Europe |
Year: 1880 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comment: Local populations exist in Bavaria. | ||
|
To: Hungary |
From: Unknown |
Year: Before 1904 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Initially spread rapidly throughout country when it was regarded as a pest but since declined and now thought innocuous. | ||
|
To: Italy |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1900 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in lakes and ponds of North and Central Italy where it has caused decline of Alburnus alborellus and Perca fluviatilis. | ||
|
To: Netherlands |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1900s |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Locally common in clear, well oxygenated streams and pools. | ||
|
To: Poland |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Restricted distribution. | ||
|
To: Switzerland |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Generally regarded as undesirable. | ||
|
To: Yugoslavia |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widespread; regarded as an undesirable trash fish which competes with local species. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Chile |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Threatens elements of the local fish fauna (Vooren, 1972). | ||
|
To: Guatemala |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1960 |
|
Reason: Capture fishery |
Reproducing? Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in Lake Atitlan. | ||
|
To: Venezuela |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
Native range: U.S.A.
The warmouth has also been distributed widely in the U.S. but has only been introduced to two other countries.
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Mexico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1916 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
Native range: Mississippi drainage, U.S.A.
The bluegill is perhaps the most widely distributed of all the sunfish species. Its distribution now covers nearly the whole of the United States and it has been introduced into many countries in Africa, Asia, Oceania and South America. Strangely enough there are no records of the species presence in Europe. As with the other sunfishes the bluegill forms crowded and stunted populations that have brought it into disfavour and it is usually regarded as a pest.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Congo |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Kenya |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Madagascar |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1954 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Mauritius |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1950 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Stunted populations. | ||
|
To: Morocco |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Private introduction |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: South Africa |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1939 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widespread in slow-flowing waters where it forms stunted dense populations, as a result regarded as a pest (Jackson, 1976). | ||
|
To: Swaziland |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1939 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Zambia |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1940 |
|
Reason: Forage for bass |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Japan |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
To: Korea |
From: Japan |
Year: 1969 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Philippines |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1950 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in highland rivers. | ||
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Hawaii |
From: California |
Year: 1946 |
|
Reason: Stocking reservoirs |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Widespread and successful in reservoirs on all the Islands. The species has formed a spontaneous inter-generic hybrid with Micropterus salmoides in at least two reservoirs on Kauai Island (Maciolek, 1984). | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Brazil |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: |
|
|
To: El Salvador |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1957 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Species stunted and became a pest - eliminated in 1955 | ||
|
To: Panama |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1955 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Overcrowds and stunts: Possibly eliminated native Astyanax kompi. | ||
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1916 |
|
Reason: Sport and subsistence, forage |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: Venezuela |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: late 1950s |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Only in Laguna Potrerito | |
|
Comments: Stunts and eats young fish. | ||
Native range: Southeastern United States
The redear sunfish inhabits warm, clear, quiet waters rich in vegetation and snags. It is noted for its preference for molluscs as food and thus has potential for the control of snail vectors of schistosomiasis. The species has been introduced to countries in Africa and Latin America generally with uncertain results.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Mauritius |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1944 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Morocco |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Private introduction |
Reproducing: Unknown | |
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Mexico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Forage |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Panama |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Forage |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1957 |
|
Reason: Sport and subsistence, control of snail host of schistoso-miasis, forage | ||
|
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
|
Comments: Has been introduced into about 50 farm ponds and 5 lakes where it has contributed to the control of some snail species. In some lakes populations have been diminished by predation by tilapias. (Ferguson, 1978) | ||
Native range: North America
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Cuba |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1928 |
|
Reason: Forage |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: East and Central Europe
A small (12 cm) cyprinid whose Northwestern limit of distribution was the Rhine, the belica apparently diffused through the canal systems of Northern Europe to colonize Belgian waters. The species has not been recorded from Northern France although the same diffusion process could presumably allow the species to colonize that area.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Belgium |
From: Diffusion |
Year: Ancient |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Northeastern Europe and U.S.S.R.
The distribution of the orfe was limited by the Rhine but the species has been successfully introduced into several countries west of the Rhine mainly in its golden variety as an ornamental fish. The species was also transported to the U.S.A. for the same reason. It has not become abundant in any of the areas to which it has been introduced.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Netherlands |
From: France and Germany Year: 1900 | |
|
Reason: Ornament |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Cultured on a large scale for ornament during the earlier part of the century; culture of this species has since declined (Groot, 1985). | ||
|
To: U.K. |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1874 |
|
Reason: Ornament |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
Comments: Common in golden form in ornamental lakes, sparsely distributed in Thames, Test and Great Ouse (Lewer, 1977). | ||
|
North America | ||
|
To: U.S.A. |
From: Europe |
Year: 1900 |
|
Reason: Ornament |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in |
Connecticut (Courtenay and Hensley, 1980). | |
Native range: Europe with the exception of Spain, Italy, Ireland and Greece
The common dace is extremely widespread throughout Europe and gained access to Ireland as a bait fish.
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Ireland |
From: U.K. |
Year: 1889 |
|
Reason: Accidental release of bait fish |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Common in river backwaters; considered a nuisance when it invades salmonid fisheries. | ||
Native range: L. Tanganyika
This small clupeid, variously named 'kapenta' or 'dagaa' forms dense pelagic populations in Lake Tanganyika to which it is endemic. These form the basis of a valuable fishery. The species was introduced into Lake Kivu, according to some authors in place of a better species Stolothrissa tanganyikae, where it has, nevertheless formed the basis for a 4000 t/y fishery. L. miodon has also been introduced to Lake Kariba where a fishery of about 15 000 t has grown up around stocks of the species and it has diffused down the Zambezi river to colonize the Cahora Basa reservoir in Mozambique.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Mozambique |
From: Tanzania |
Year: 1970's |
|
Reason: Escape from Kariba |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Appeared in Cahora Bassa reservoir presumably by downstream drift from Kariba. Forms basis for a fishery. | ||
|
To: Rwanda (L. Kivu) |
From: Tanzania |
Year: 1960's |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Forms basis for an important fishery although the sustainability of this has been questioned (Dumont, 1986). | ||
|
To: Zaire (L. Kivu) |
From: Tanzania |
Year: 1960's |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Forms basis for an important fishery although the sustainability of this has been questioned (Dumont, 1986). | ||
|
To: Zambia (L. Kariba) |
From: L. Tanganyika |
Year: 1960's |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Forms basis of an important fishery (c 15 000 t shared with Zimbabwe). | ||
|
To: Zimbabwe (L. Kariba) |
From: L. Tanganyika |
Year: 1960's |
|
Reason: Fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Forms basis of an important fishery (c 15 000 t shared with Zambia). | ||
Native range: Atlantic drainage of South America from Venezuela to Paraguay
The Amazon River prawn grows to about 15 cm and forms the basis for localized but important fisheries. Attempts have been made to culture the species in Brazil and it has been introduced to Panama for experimental aquaculture. Results do not appear to have been encouraging.
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Panama |
From: Venezuela |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Stunting in ponds. | ||
Native range: Indo-Pacific: African coast to as far east as the Marquesas Islands
A moderate sized prawn which forms the basis for localized fisheries throughout its range. The species has been introduced to the Hawaiian archipelago representing an eastward extension of its range, the species has also been cultured experimentally.
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Hawaii |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1956 |
|
Reason: Forage |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: North West Indian Ocean to North Australian coast
Because of its large size and ease of culture M. rosenbergii forms the basis for extensive capture and culture fisheries throughout its range. It has been widely introduced to other countries, mainly in South and Central America for brackish water aquaculture often associated with mangroves. It fails to breed naturally in ponds in most of these areas and stocks are maintained by artificial reproduction, however there is a strong possibility that self sustaining populations are established in natural waters. The refinement of culture techniques and the commercial potential of the species will probably encourage further introductions with a strong possibility chat it will eventually achieve pan-tropical distribution.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Mauritius |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Breeding only in ponds. | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Colombia |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: |
|
|
To: Dominican Republic |
From: Taiwan P. China |
Year: 1982 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: El Salvador |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1979-84 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Only in ponds | |
|
Comments: Confined to aquaculture installations. | ||
|
To: Panama |
From: Venezuela |
Year: 1981 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Overpopulation and stunting in ponds. | ||
|
To: Peru |
From: Israel/Honduras |
Year: 1981-83 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Uruguay |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1983, 1984 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Venezuela |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1982 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
Native range: Korea, China, South Vietnam and Formosa
The paradise fish is a small (9 cm) anabantid which is very popular with aquarists. It has been widely transported around the world by the aquarium fish trade but has only been recorded from the wild in one area.
|
North America | ||
|
To: U.S.A. |
From: Southeast Asia |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaria |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Recorded only from the Everglades in Florida (Courtenay and Robins, 1973). Population has since disappeared. | ||
Native range: Southeast Asia
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Colombia |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Ornament |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Coosa R. system, Alabama
The redeyed bass has a rather limited distribution in the U.S. although it has been introduced into California. One international introduction is known.
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1958 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
Native range: Northeastern United States and Canada
The smallmouth bass is a major predatory game fish in the U.S. where it has been widely transplanted within to the western states. The species has also been introduced into many countries for sport fishing but has not generally been regarded as successful. Its usefulness has probably been limited by its preference for clear, fast flowing water and temperate waters..
|
Europe |
||
|
To: Belgium |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Disappearing and only of very local interest. |
||
|
To: Denmark |
From: Canada |
Year: 1958 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: Finland |
From: Germany, Sweden |
Year: 1873, 1966 |
|
Reason: Stocking lakes Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
|
Comments: Not useful and of only limited distribution. |
||
|
To: Germany |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1880 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture and Sport |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: Norway |
From: Germany |
Year: 1887-95 |
|
Reason: To fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: Sweden |
From: Germany, U.S.A. |
Year: 1890,1920s-60s |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Population very limited in area, not successful. |
||
|
To: U.K. |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1878-90 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Africa |
||
|
To: South Africa |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1937 |
|
Reason: Stocking lakes and rivers |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Particularly successful in areas of Western Cape where winter rain-fall is high. |
||
|
To: Swaziland |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1938 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1942 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Fiji |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Guam |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1962 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
To: Hawaii |
From: California |
Year: 1953 |
|
Reason: Stocking reservoirs |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Established in streams on Hawaii, Kauai and Oahu Islands | ||
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Belize |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1969 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Mexico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1975 |
|
Reason: Stocking reservoirs |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Established in some reservoirs in the northern part of the country. | ||
Native range: Central and Lower Mississippi system
Spotted bass have been introduced into a number of states in the U.S., including North Carolina, Virginia and California. Some introductions of this species into southern Africa were made in the 1940's and it has become established in a few isolated Water bodies.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: South Africa |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1939 |
|
Reason: Sport, Stocking of silted rivers |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Present in only a few isolated rivers (Harrison et al. 1963). | ||
|
To: Swaziland |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1940 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1945 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Locally |
|
Native range: East and Southern U.S.A. and North Mexico
The largemouth bass is one of the most popular sport fishes in North America and as a consequence has been distributed over the whole of the U.S and some of southern Canada. The success of northward introductions is limited by its temperature requirements and the species tends to prefer somewhat warmer conditions than S. dolomieui. The higher thermal tolerance has enabled this fish to be successfully introduced into waters of many countries until it has attained near global distribution although its success in some truly equatorial countries has been limited. The species, which in its larger stages is completely piscivorous, has sometimes been blamed for the disappearance of local species (see for instance Italy and Guatemala) but on the whole has found favour as a sports fish. In some countries established
|
Africa | ||
|
To: Algeria |
From: France |
Year: 1970 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Botswana |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1937 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Cameroon |
From: France |
Year: 1956 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Unsuccessful. |
| |
|
To: Congo |
From: France |
Year: 1955 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Unsuccessful |
| |
|
To: Egypt |
From: Europe |
Year: 1949 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Unsuccessful. |
| |
|
To: Kenya |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1929 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Successful in L. Naivasha. | ||
|
To: Lesotho |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1937 |
|
Reason: Sport, aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Madagascar |
From: France |
Year: 1951 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Successful at high altitudes. | ||
|
To: Malawi |
From: Zimbabwe |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Successful in cooler areas in habitats too warm for trout and too cool for local species. | ||
|
To: Mauritius |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1949 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Present in small numbers. | ||
|
To: Mozambique |
From: Swaziland |
Year: 1947 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Nigeria |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1976 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: South Africa |
From: Netherlands |
Year: 1928 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widespread in still, clear rivers; esteemed sport species. | ||
|
To: Swaziland |
From: Netherlands |
Year: 1933 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widespread in suitable habitats. | ||
|
To: Uganda |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
|
To: Zimbabwe |
From: South Africa |
Year: 1932 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Korea |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1963 |
|
Reason: To fill a vacant niche |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
To: Philippines |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1907 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Present in some rivers. | ||
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
Comments: Records of species having been introduced into natural waters near Moscow. | ||
|
Europe | ||
|
To: Belgium |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Some residual stocks probably still exist in some rivers. | ||
|
To: Cyprus |
From: Canada |
Year: 1971 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in two dams where it is popular for angling. | ||
|
To: Czechoslovakia |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Natural populations occur in the Danube although it is rare: This species should also be recorded from other Danube countries due to its presence in that river. | ||
|
To: Denmark |
From: Germany |
Year: 1901, 1906/07 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture, sport |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: Finland |
From: Germany |
Year: 1898 |
|
Reason: Stocking lakes |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: France |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1930s |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Slight presence in South and East where species appreciated by anglers. | ||
|
To: Germany |
From: New York State, U.S.A. Year: 1888 | |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in one lake only. | ||
|
To: Hungary |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1910, 1950s |
|
Reason: Spontaneous appearance |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Very few localized self-sustaining population in cooling ponds of power stations: Also presumably in Danube. | ||
|
To: Italy |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1897 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Have caused decline in native Alburnus alborellus, Esox lucius, and Perca fluviatilis as well as introduced Lepomis. | ||
|
To: Netherlands |
From: Belgium |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Diffusion through natural waters |
Reproducing: Unknown | |
|
Comments: Species appears to have penetrated the Netherlands in the Meuse R. | ||
|
To: Poland |
From: Germany |
Year: 1800s |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Maintained in some aquaculture ponds only. | ||
|
To: Portugal |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Spain |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1956 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Present in some ponds, abundant in one coastal lagoon (San Feliu, 1973). | ||
|
To: U.K. |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1879, l929-30s |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: One population surviving in Dorset. | ||
|
To: Yugoslavia |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1920 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Popular as a sport fish and for restricted aquaculture. | ||
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Fiji |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1962 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
Comments: Not established |
| |
|
To: Guam |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1966 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Hawaii |
From: California |
Year: 1897 |
|
Reason: Stocking reservoirs |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Widespread and successful in reservoirs on Hawaii, Kauai and Oahu. A spontaneous inter-generic hybrid between this species and Lepomis macrochirus has appeared in at least two reservoirs on Kauai Island (Maciolek, 1984). | ||
|
To: New Caledonia |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Argentina |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1959 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture; sport |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Bolivia |
From: Unknown |
Year: unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Used for sport fishing in small lakes and dams. | ||
|
To. Brazil |
Front: U.S.A. |
Year: 1900s |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
To: Colombia |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Cuba |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1928 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Dominican Republic |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1955 |
|
Reason: Fisheries |
Reproducing: Artificially | |
|
To: Ecuador |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known | |
|
To: El Salvador |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1957 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Present in two small lakes but disappearing. | ||
|
To: Guatemala |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1958 |
|
Reason: Sport. |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Destroyed local fish species: Present in Lakes Atitlan and Calderas. | ||
|
To: Honduras |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1954 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yea |
|
|
To: Panama |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1955 |
|
Reason: stocking lakes |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Puerto Rico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1946 |
|
Reason: Sport. |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Widely distributed and highly appreciated by anglers. | ||
Native range: Northeast Asia to Central China
The Japanese weatherfish is a cool water species highly adapted to life in muddy and deoxygenated waters. It appears in the aquarium fish trade but has also been introduced into some areas for aquaculture and for capture fisheries. The species is considered successful where it has been introduced for these purposes.
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Philippines |
From: Japan |
Year: 1942 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Present in highland rivers where it forms the basis for a local fishery. | ||
|
North America | ||
|
To: U.S.A. |
From: Northeast Asia |
Year: 1930, 1939 |
|
Reason: Accidental escape from aquaria |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Present in California and some flood control channels in Michigan; difficult to eliminate once established (Courtenay and Hensley, 1980). | ||
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Hawaii |
From: Unknown |
Year: a 1900 |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
To: Palau |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
South and Central America |
||
|
To: Mexico |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1961 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Unknown |
|
Native range: Eastern Asia from Northern China to the Malay Peninsula
The warm water, swamp eel is a predatory fish which is well adapted to the deoxygenated conditions of swamps, ditches and rice paddies. It is highly esteemed for the quality of its flesh an was successfully introduced to Hawaii to satisfy a specialist food market.
|
Oceania | ||
|
To: Hawaii |
From: Unknown |
Year: 1900 |
|
Reason: Establish a food fishery |
Reproducing: Yes | |
|
Comments: Common in ponds on Oahu Island. | ||
Native range: Mississippi basin
The introduction of the white bass into Mexican waters represents a southward extension of its native range as the species is present in the Rio Grande. It is a potamodromous species with a preference for clear water rivers and particularly colonizes reservoirs. It has been widely introduced into other areas of the U.S.
|
South and Central America | ||
|
To: Mexico |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture and sport |
Reproducing: Yes | |
Native range: East coast U.S.A.
A marine and estuarine species that moves far upstream in rivers during spawning, the striped bass is a valuable sporting and commercial species. It has been widely distributed to Pacific coast of U.S. and to British Columbia. Attempts at international introductions have been limited.
|
Africa | ||
|
To: South Africa |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: 1971 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: (Moreau, 1979). | ||
|
Asia/Europe | ||
|
To: U.S.S.R. |
From: U.S.A. |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Unknown |
Reproducing: Not known |
|
|
To: Hawaii |
From: California |
Year: 1920 |
|
Reason: Sport |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Species not established. |
| |
Native range: China
One of the four major Chinese carps M. piceus grows to about 88 cm. The species inhabits lakes and the lower reaches of rivers and is mainly molluscivorous. It is used in aqua-culture but because of its particular food requirements has not been as widely transplanted as other Chinese carps.
|
Asia | ||
|
To: Thailand |
From: China/Hong Kong |
Year: 1913 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: No |
|
|
Comments: Not popular and eliminated. | ||
|
To: Vietnam |
From: China |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
Comments: Widely used for stocking lakes and ponds. | ||
|
Europe |
||
|
To: Albania |
From: China |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
To: Germany F.R. |
From: China |
Year: 1970 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
Middle East |
||
|
To: Israel |
From: Unknown |
Year: Unknown |
|
Reason: Mollusc control |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
Comments: Introduced into two reservoirs to control gastropods (Ben Tuvia, 1981). |
||
|
South and Central America |
||
|
To: Costa Rica |
From: Taiwan P. China |
Year: 1979 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
To: Cuba |
From: U.S.S.R. |
Year: 1983 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Artificially |
|
|
To: Panama |
From: Taiwan P. China |
Year: 1978 |
|
Reason: Aquaculture |
Reproducing: Yes |
|
|
Comments: Established in intensive and extensive aquaculture ponds. |
||
