TABLE 1: SMALL RUMINANT CONSUMPTION IN SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
A: BY SLAUGHTER (IN EASTERN AFRICA, LIVESTOCK-RICH AREA) ESTIMATED VALUES ROUNDED TO NEAREST THOUSAND
| SHEEP | GOAT | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UGANDA (1982) | |||||
| Official Slaughters | 1 000 | (1.9%) | 7 000 | (1.8%) | |
| Unofficial Slaughters | 54 000 | (98.1%) | 390 000 | (98.2%) | |
| Total | 55 000 | (100%) | 397 000 | (100%) | |
| Stock Population | 900 000 | 1 000 000 | |||
| ETHIOPIA (1983) | |||||
| Official Slaughters | 40 000 | (0.5%) | 10 000 | (0.2%) | |
| Unofficial Slaughters | 7 880 000 | (99.5%) | 6 650 000 | (99.8%) | |
| Total | 7 920 000 | (100%) | 6 660 000 | (100%) | |
| Stock Population | 24 000 000 | 18 000 000 | |||
| SUDAN (1983) | |||||
| Official Slaughters | 420 000 | (12.8%) | 100 000 | (5.3%) | |
| Unofficial Slaughters | 2 860 000 | (87.2%) | 1 790 000 | (94.7%) | |
| Total | 3 280 000 | (100%) | 1 890 000 | (100%) | |
| Stock Population | 19 600 000 | 14 900 000 | |||
The low official slaughters (i.e. slaughters in recognized premises, the products of which are inspected) compared with unofficial ones are an illustration of the fact that a high proportion of small ruminants is consumed in rural areas where most unofficial slaughters take place.
Source of Original Data
Department of Veterinary Services & Animal Industry, Kampala, Uganda (July 1984); Animal Resources Development Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (Aug. 1984). Animal Resources Department, Khartoum, Sudan (August 1984).
Table 1 - contd.
B. BY IMPORT (TO THE ARABIAN PENINSULA, A MEAT-DEFICIENT REGION). (VALUES IN METRIC TONS ROUNDED TO NEAREST THOUSAND - INCLUDING CARCASS EQUIVALENT OF LIVE ANIMALS)
| BEEF | MUTTON & GOAT | RATIO OF MUTTON/GOAT TO BEEF | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAUDI ARABIA | ||||
| 1980 | 71 000 mt | 95 000 mt | 1.3:1.0 | |
| 1981 | 80 000 mt | 130 000 mt | 1.6 : 1.0 | |
| UNITED ARAB EMIRATES | ||||
| 1980 | 2 000 mt | 28 000 mt | 12.7 : 1.0 | |
| 1981 | 5 100 mt | 14 000 mt | 4.7:1.0 | |
| KUWAIT | ||||
| 1980 | 11 000 mt | 36 000 mt | 3.3:1.0 | |
| 1981 | 10 000 mt | 45 000 mt | 4.5:1.0 | |
| QATAR | ||||
| 1980 | 400 mt | 9 700 mt | 24.3 : 1.0 | |
| 1981 | 1 500 mt | 10 000 mt | 6.7:1.0 | |
| SOUTH YEMEN | ||||
| 1980 | 200 mt | 3 400 mt | 17.0 : 1.0 | |
| 1981 | 400 mt | 3 500 mt | 8.8:1.0 | |
The high level of mutton/goat imports over beef by the Arabian Peninsula shows the high preference for and consumption of small ruminants in meat-deficient areas and the importance that these species command in the diet and culture of developing countries.
Collated from data furnished by the Commodities and Trade Division, FAO, Rome (July 1984).
TABLE 2: COMPARATIVE YIELD OF SLAUGHTER PRODUCTS IN INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES AND THE DEVELOPING TROPICS
| CATTLE | SMALL RUMINANTS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North America | East Africa | West Africa | The Lamb in N. America | E. African Long Legged Goat | West African Dwarf Goat | |
| Aver. Livewt. kg | 500 | 300 | 250 | 40 | 40 | 30 |
| Carcass % | 56 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 52 | 54 |
| Edible Offal % | 3 | 18 | 20 | 3 | 11 | 21 |
| Byproducts % | 25 | 10 | 9 | 18 | 14 | 0 |
| Rejects & Losses % | 16 | 20 | 21 | 31 | 23 | 25 |
Percentage yield of byproducts is higher for cattle in developed than in developing areas, and presents greater variety. Among sheep and goats, the yield in some cases is similar in volume, although again, the developed countries show more diversity. Much of the rejects in the less-developed areas can, however, be utilized in byproduct industries. (Chapter 10, para. 3)
Sources:
Ministries of Agriculture, Uganda, Ethiopia and the Sudan (July - Aug. 1984) Swift & Co., Chicago USA (1960) and Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana.
TABLE 3: MAJOR SLAUGHTERHOUSE BYPRODUCTS AND THEIR USES
BLOOD
Liquid Blood: as a source of serum for pharmaceuticals, and as albumin for the glue, textile and dye industries. Dried Blood: as blood flour; also as blood meal for animal feed and fertilizer.
BONES/FEET/SHANKS
Bone meal as animal feed or fertilizer; also bone is used in the manufacture of combs, buttons, cutlery handles, etc; other uses include glue, gelatin and tallow.
HOOFS AND HORNS
As hoof/horn meal for use as fertilizer, gelatin and glue; also for combs, buttons and hairpins; objets d'art (including souvenirs and articles of tourist attraction).
HIDES & SKINS
Cured hides/skins for leather - footwear, gloves, belts, bags, upholstery and saddlery.
HAIR & WOOL
Brushes, yarn, fabrics and fibres.
GLANDS & ORGANS
Examples: Thymus, thyroid, pituitary, gonads, pancreas and gall bladder - for pharmaceuticals.
INTESTINES
Sausage casings, musical instruments/strings and surgical ligatures.
STOMACHS, OTHER OFFALS, CONDEMNED MEAT
Meat/bone meal for animal feed or fertilizer; Tallow: for soap and glycerine; and for lubricants, grease and waxes.
GUT CONTENTS, MANURE, SOLID WASTE
Compost, Biogas - as fuel for heating and lighting.
