Plant Production and Protection Series No. 33
FODDER OATS:
a world overview
Edited by
J.M. Suttie and S.G. Reynolds
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2004
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Plant Production and Protection Series No. 33 FODDER OATS: Edited by |
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The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
The mention or omission of specific companies, their products or brand names does not imply any endorsement or judgement by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
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The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. |
ISBN 92-5-105243-3
All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publish ing Management Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected]
© FAO 2004
Chapter I - BACKGROUND TO FODDER OATS WORLDWIDE
Chapter II - FODDER OATS: AN OVERVIEW
Oats in a global context: Growing and production trends
Adaptation of avena species
Fodder oat improvement
Genotype by environment interactions
Potential for oats in the Himalaya-Hindu Kush region
Conclusions and prospects
Chapter III - FODDER OATS IN NORTH AMERICA
Introduction
Fodder oats - past and present use in North AmericaOats as a pure stand - Canada
Oats as a pure stand - United States of America
Oat mixtures in North America
Winter oats
Oats as a companion crop for perennials
Swath grazingAnimal health
Diseases and pests
Breeding programmes
Areas where research or extension work is needed
Future role of fodder oats in North American agriculture
Chapter IV - FODDER OATS: AN OVERVIEW FOR SOUTH AMERICA
Background
Breeding
Macro-environmentsTemperate Argentina and Uruguay
Temperate Chile
Subtropical area (south Brazil)
Tropical Brazil
Tropical high-altitude area (Andean)
Chapter V - FODDER OATS IN THE MAGHREB
Main cultivars
Breeding
Diseases
Oat production and animal feeding systems
Problems in oat production in Morocco
Research needs
Chapter VI - FODDER OATS IN PAKISTAN
Background
Farming systems and cropping patternsCropping patterns
Oat introduction
Seed multiplication and extensionOats in the Northern Areas
Oat research and development
Oats as a multicut crop
Oats as an intercrop or companion crop
Dual-purpose oats
Effect of cutting or grazing on forage and grain yield
Forage and hay yield
National uniform oat forage yield trials
Date of sowing
Seed production
Chapter VII - Fodder oats in the Himalayas
7.1 Experiences with oats (Avena sativa) at temperate and high elevations in Bhutan
Introduction
Research on oats
Extension
Constraints to growing oats
Conclusions7.2 Fodder oats in the Indian Himalaya
Background
Introduction and acceptability of oats
Oat cultivation in Kashmir - a success story
Research on oats in the HimalayaIntroduction
Role of livestock and production systems
Importance of oats
Cultivar evaluation
How farmers grow fodder oats
Oat growing in different areas
Farming system research
Impact
Further work needed
Oats in summer
Problems
Chapter VIII - FODDER OATS IN CHINA
Northern spring oat area
Southern winter oat area
Place of fodder oats in rotations and farming systemsNaked oats
Diseases of oats and their controlOat breeding and germplasm enhancement
History of key oat cultivars
Current breeding and research
Introduction and reselection
Hybridization and wide crosses
Tissue culture
Hybrid oat developmentThemes and subjects requiring research or extension
Perspectives
Conclusion
Chapter IX - FODDER OATS IN JAPAN
Oats for grain
Cultivation for green fodder and silage
Breeding fodder oats
Chapter X + FODDER OATS IN NEW ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA - HISTORY, PRODUCTION AND POTENTIAL
Introduction
Background to the agricultural sceneProduction and crop management in New Zealand
Rise and fall of oat production
Oats from the 1950s
Intensification of land use
Grazing management
Crop mixes
Multiple grazing capability
Crop management packagesBiomass production
Grazing
Feed quality
Production and crop management in AustraliaThe forage market
End users
Multigrazing
State profiles
Cultivar development
Cultivar releases since introduction of plant variety protectionResearch in New Zealand and Australia
Chapter XI - FODDER OATS IN EUROPE
Chapter XII - OAT DISEASES AND THEIR CONTROL
Introduction
MAIN OAT DISEASESCrown rust
Stem rust
Main control measures for rusts
Pyrenophora leaf blotch
Scab
Smut
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV)
Halo Blight
Septoria blotch
Other, less important diseases
Chapter XIII - PERSPECTIVES FOR FODDER OATS