• Basic Statistics
• Production Zone, Ecology and Season
• Crop Management
  • Varieties
  • Fertilizer Responses
• Production Constraints
  • Production Costs
• Research and Development Institutions

• GNP per capita PPP$, 1998: 6,460
• Internal renewable water resources: 5,190 km3
• Incoming water flow: 1,760 km3
• Main food consumed: Sugar & honey, Oil & fat, Rice, Wheat, Meat
• Rice consumption, 1996: 58.5 kg/year/person

• Production zone

Major Production Zones Harvested area (% total harvested area) Rio Grande do Sul 22.25% Maranhao 16.72% Mato Grosso 11.13% Minas Gerais 9.13% Goais 6.90% Piaui 5.68% Para 4.40% Tocantins 3.77% Sao Paulo 3.72% Santa Catarina 3.31%

• Production ecology

  Rice is grown at varying altitudes. During 1995-2000 period, it is estimated that 31 percent of the harvested rice area come from irrigated ecologies and 69 percent come from upland ecologies. The Main climates are Tropical Wet, Tropical Wet and Dry at 600m above sea, Subtropical Subtropical Humid, Tropical Desert and Arid at 600m above sea, Tropical Desert and Arid. The Main soil associations are FR = Ferrasols, Acrisols, Nitisols; AC = Acrisols, Alisols, Plinthosols; AR = Arenosols; PT = Plinthosols; LX = Lixisols; PZ = Podzols, Histosols; FL = Fluvisols, Gleysols, Cambisols; VR = Vertisols; CH = Chernozems, Phaeozems, Greyzems; PL = Planosols

• Production season

Direct seeding is the dominant method of crop establishment. The upland rice is being carried out under slash-and burn shifting cultivation systems or in rice-pasture/livestock systems. Irrigated rice production is highly mechanized.

 PLANTED VARIETIES

• Upland ecologies

Variety Name	Released period
ARAGUAIA	1985-89
BR 1	1975-79
BR 2	1975-79
BR 4	1985-89
BR3 CAETE	1985-89
CAIAPO	1990-94
CARAJAS	1990-94
CENTRO AMERICA	1985-89
CUIABANA	1985-89
DOURADAO	1985-89
GUARANI	1985-89
IAC 164	1980-84
IAC 165	1980-84
IAC 201	1990-94
IAC 25	before 1975
IAPAR 62	1985-89
IAPAR 63	1990-94
IAPAR 64	1990-94
IAPAR 9	1980-84
RIO DOCE	NA
RIO PARAGUAI	1990-94
RIO PARANAIBA	1985-89
TANGARA	1985-89
ARAGUIA	NA
CIAT 20-PROGRASSO	1990-94

• Irrigated ecologies

• Other varieties: ACREFINO, CABACU, EMCAPA 01, EPAGRI 106, EPAGRI 108, EPEAL 101, EPEAL 102, FRANCISCANO, GUAPORE, IAC 1, IAC 100 , IAC 101 , IAC 120, IAPAR 58, JAVAE, MEARIM, MG1, MG2, MUCURI, PERICUMA, PESAGRO 101, PESAGRO 102, PESAGRO 103, PESAGRO 104, PESAGRO 105, PROGRESSO , RIO VERDE, SAMBURA, URUCUI, XINGUI

FERTILIZER RESPONSES

• Nitrogen responses

• Phosphorus responses

• Potassium responses

There are several constraints to sustainable rice production in Brazil. Following are the major ones:

• Drought stresses caused by unreliable rainfall, aluminium toxicity and soil fertility losses in dominant upland systems.
• Blast in all ecologies
• Togasodes oryzicolus, Rice Hoja Blanca Virus in tropical region.
• Weed and Red rice competition.
• Low temperature during early and/or reproductive phases in Grando do Sul in the south.
• Yield potentials of irrigated rice varieties have reached a plateau.
• Iron toxicity in rainfed lowland areas in Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Espirito Santo and in Northern region.
• High production cost.

  PRODUCTION COSTS

 

Year	Ecology	Region, Season, Other	Yield (T/ha)	Cost ($/ha)	Cost ($/T)
83-84	IRR	Santa Catarina, Direct Seeded	4.5	567	126
84-85	IRR	Grande Do Sul, Direc Seeded	4.3	925	215
83-84	UPL	Rio De Janiero, Direct Seeded	1.43	280	195
88-89	IRR	-	4.84	407	84

• EMBRAPA Servico de Producao de Sementes Basicas, Rua Felipe Schmidt, 31, S/501, 88000 Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Phone: (0482) 231155, Telex: 48-2324
• Arrozeira Sepeense, C.P. 26, Av. Afonso G. de Faria, 49, 97340 Sao Sepe, Rio Grande do Sul, Phone: (055) 233-1408, Fax : (055) 233-1358
• EMBRAPA/CNPAF, Caixa Postal 179, Goiás, Brazil
• Instituto Agronomico de Campinas, Secao de Plantas Tropicales, C.P. 28
• Delegaciu Federal da Agricultura, Av. Dr. A Molina, 78150 Varzea Grande, Mato Grosso
• Secretaria Estadual da Agricultura, Rua Jeronimo Coelho 14, 10 andar, 88000 Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Phone: (0482) 222177
• Secretaria Estadual da Agricultura, C.P. 960, Av. Brasil No. 2340, 13100 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Phone: (0192) 413900
• Instituto Riograndense do Arroz, C.P. 29, Av. Bonifacio Carvalho Bernardes, 1494, 94930-030 Cachoeirinha, Rio Grande do Sul
• Secretaria Estadual de Agricultura, Av. Julio de Castilhoa 585, 90000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul
• Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Arroz e Feijao, C.P. 179, Rodovia Gyn 12 - Km.10, 74001 Goiania 970, Goias, Phone: (062) 261-3022, Telex: 62-2241 XPGN BR, Fax : (062) 261-3880
• EMBRAPA Servico de Producao de Sementes Basicas, Av. Parnamirim, 430, 50000 Recife, Pernambuco, Phone: (081) 268-6929, Telex: 81-1440
• EMBRAPA Servico de Producao de Sementes Basicas, Av. Anchieta, 173 - Conj.41, 13100 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Phone: (0192) 321955, Telex: 19-1066
• Granjas Irmao SA Agropecuaria, C.P. 69, Prof. Dr. Araujo, 1653, 96020-360 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Phone: (053) 225-2122, Fax : (053) 222-5374
• Agropecuaria Garupa SA, C.P. 191, Rua Joao Manuel, 2592, 97510-240 Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Phone: (055) 412-3688
• Arrozeira sul Parceria Agropecuaria , Av. Julio de Castilhos, 625, 96760 Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul, Phone: (051) 672-1276, Fax : (051) 672-1623
• EMBRAPA, Centro Nacional Recursos Geneticos, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria, C.P. 10 2372, S.A.I.N., Parque Rural, 70770 Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Phone: (061) 273-010 Telex: 61-1622 , Fax : (061) 274-3212