MULTILATERAL
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
ON AGRICULTURE

A RESOURCE MANUAL


FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2000

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� FAO 2000

Foreword
Acknowledgements
Introduction

Part I. Introduction and General Topics

1 Trends in world and agricultural trade
2 International trade: some basic theories and concepts
3. Instruments of protection and their economic impact
4. Agriculture in the GATT: a historical account
5. Dispute settlement
6. Trade and the environment

Part II. Agreement on Agriculture

1. Domestic support measures
2. Preparing for negotiating further reductions of the bound tariffs
3. Export subsidies
4. Market access I: tariffs and other access terms
5. Market access II: tariff rate quotas
6. Safeguard measures
7. Special and differential treatment
8. Continuing the reform process in agriculture: Article 20 issues
9. Decision on measures concerning the possible negative effects on LDCs and NFIDCs
10. Trade and food security: options for developing countries
11. International trade in fishery products and the new global trading environment

Part III. Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) and Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

1. History of the development of the SPS agreement
2. SPS agreement: provisions, basic rights and obligations
3. Agreement on TBT: an overview
4. Introduction to Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)
5. Introduction to the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC)
6. Introduction to the Office International des Epizooties (OIE)
7. National food control systems: components and operation
8. National phytosanitary capacity for WTO members and contracting parties to IPPC
9. Animal health: necessary components at the national level
10. Risk analysis and Codex
11. Risk analysis and IPPC
12. Risk analysis and OIE
13. Trade and forestry
14. Food control: fish as food

Part IV. Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)

1. Basic concepts of intellectual property rights
2. Introduction to the TRIPS Agreement: contents
3. Provisions of the TRIPS Agreement relevant to agriculture (Part I)
4. Provisions of the TRIPS Agreement relevant to agriculture (Part II)
5. Article 27.3(b): related international agreements (Part I)
6. Article 27.3(b): related international agreements (Part II)
7. Implementation of Article 27.3(b): drafting and enacting national legislation (sui generis systems)
8. TRIPS review negotiations