THE IMPORTANCE OF LIVESTOCK TO THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

The livestock industries are concentrated on Java island. The three provinces of Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur and Jawa Barat accounted for about 15.9%, 16.3% and 18%, respectively, of livestock production in Indonesia in 1995. This made these three the major livestock provinces. In 1991, they were also the main livestock producing provinces, although their relative positions were different. Then Jawa Timur with 17.9% of Indonesia’s livestock production was the most important, followed by Jawa Tengah (16.8%) and Jawa Barat (11.61%). The other 24 provinces accounted only for around 50% of livestock output. Kalimantan Selatan, Maluku, Timur Timur and Irian Jaya each had less than 0.5% of Indonesia’s livestock output in 1991. For Timur Timur and Maluku the situation was similar in 1995, with the contribution of each still being less than half a per cent. Table 6 shows the livestock GDP in each of the 27 provinces in each of 1991 to 1995 while Figure 4 shows each province’s share of Indonesia’s livestock GDP in 1991 and in 1995. Although there have been some changes in the relative importance of the provinces, there was a high correlation between the contribution of each province in 1991 and in 1995 to Indonesia’s livestock production.

Table 6. Regional GDP of livestock at current prices (million rupiah)

Provinces	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
DI Aceh	134937	169429	242189	323065	455150
Sumatera Utara	445135	608170	498830	586754	682102
Sumatera Barat	86790	103191	155795	167355	191373
Riau	46777	55410	59556	73963	93448
Jambi	79317	85857	73936	89720	100433
Sumatera Selatan	107402	123803	176989	212351	242805
Bengkuku	43791	49798	56933	64205	74953
Lampung	210872	253990	331319	386841	453939
DKI Jakarta	108909	91702	14499	14921	12312
Jawa Barat	555801	978191	1172930	1361526	1591967
Jawa Tengah	805654	989819	1062481	1208380	1409655
DI Yogyakarta	105486	123047	111183	130958	142970
Jawa Timur	857971	959888	900665	1148773	1446605
Bali	298029	334035	306237	337104	366967
Nusa Tenggara Barat	103516	122881	128116	144210	163200
Nusa Tenggara Timur	151541	176387	201784	259533	298184
Timor-Timur	17536	21651	19791	20299	22024
Kalimantan Barat	89679	99095	128531	140474	169067
Kalimantan Tengah	28745	171135	39385	51234	62976
Kalimantan Selatan	9794	60594	62765	80695	90598
Kalimantan Timur	78812	99305	110468	160262	205576
Sulawesi Utara	55148	60624	58749	69020	86532
Sulawesi Tengah	43231	60826	78980	107915	131955
Sulawesi Selatan	230924	271204	126108	137304	136119
Sulawesi Tenggara	50230	41314	49092	63113	97301
Maluku	15662	198180	20492	24577	31355
Irian Jaya	23679	25603	67932	79057	91361
Indonesia	5126200	6040700	6202700	7102300	7998500

Notes: 1994 are preliminary figures, 1995 are very preliminary
Source: Direkto Jenderal Peternakan (1997), p. 5.

Table 7. The contribution of the livestock industries to regional GDP

Provinces	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995
	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)
DI Aceh	1.69	1.96	2.23	2.87	3.55
Sumatera Utara	3.68	4.25	2.74	2.71	2.76
Sumatera Barat	2.32	2.41	2.58	2.32	2.36
Riau	0.31	0.38	0.35	0.41	0.44
Jambi	5.03	4.80	3.00	3.08	2.91
Sumatera Selatan	1.19	1.23	1.65	1.76	1.67
Bengkuku	4.65	4.53	4.09	3.58	3.59
Lampung	5.77	5.84	6.12	5.92	5.66
DKI Jakarta	0.41	0.30	0.03	0.03	0.02
Jawa Barat	1.52	2.38	2.23	2.18	2.17
Jawa Tengah	3.10	3.28	3.13	3.07	3.06
DI Yogyakarta	4.79	4.92	2.74	2.68	2.54
Jawa Timur	2.52	2.49	1.83	2.01	2.18
Bali	8.51	8.40	5.38	5.19	4.95
Nusa Tenggara Barat	6.58	6.57	5.02	4.87	4.71
Nusa Tenggara Timur	10.85	10.76	9.62	10.57	10.35
Timor-Timur	5.35	5.60	3.84	3.36	3.11
Kalimantan Barat	2.77	2.68	2.50	2.32	2.37
Kalimantan Tengah	1.77	8.77	1.28	1.40	1.45
Kalimantan Selatan	0.36	1.91	1.38	1.52	1.48
Kalimantan Timur	0.64	0.74	0.69	0.84	0.94
Sulawesi Utara	3.18	3.09	2.09	2.16	2.28
Sulawesi Tengah	3.90	4.80	4.50	5.10	5.16
Sulawesi Selatan	4.39	4.47	1.68	1.57	1.32
Sulawesi Tenggara	5.20	3.88	3.81	4.18	5.35
Maluku	0.89	10.21	0.84	0.88	1.01
Irian Jaya	0.88	0.84	1.43	1.47	1.30
Indonesia	2.34	2.44	1.92	1.90	1.82

Notes: 1994 are preliminary figures, 1995 are very preliminary