9. TABLES

Table 1. Total fish production and value by sector in the Philippines, 1979-1998

Sector

Production

Growth rate

1979-88

Share

1989-98

Share

% change⁽¹⁾

1979-88

1989-98

1979-98

Quantity

(t)

(%)

(t)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Commercial

529 232

26.75

818 356

30.81

54.63

2.04

3.77

3.97

Municipal

1 017 848

51.45

1 017 107

38.29

-0.07

2.33

-2.95

-0.08

Marine

750 882

37.96

816 174

30.72

8.70

3.09

-2.43

0.72

Inland

266 967

13.50

200 933

7.56

-24.73

0.14

-5.16

-2.75

Aquaculture

431 133

21.79

820 946

30.90

90.42

9.23

5.32

6.83

Total

1 978 214

100

2 656 408

100

34.28

0.46

1.63

2.91

Value

('000 P)

(%)

('000 P)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

(%)

Commercial

6 373 842

26.17

19 751 805

28.03

209.89

13.38

10.64

11.8

Municipal

11 177 141

45.90

23 717 930

33.66

112.20

14.5

4.72

8.63

Marine

9 710 453

39.87

21 396 064

30.36

120.34

14.12

5.46

8.91

Inland

1 466 687

6.02

2 321 866

3.29

58.31

17.68

-175

6.46

Aquaculture

6 801 687

27.93

26 998 378

38.31

296.94

25.82

5.69

2.91

Total

24 352 669

100

70 468 113

100

189.37

17

6.78

11.67

NOTE: (1) Percentage change in production (quantity and value).

Table 2. Aquaculture production (t) in the Philippines, 1979-1998

Item

Average production (t)

Growth rate (%)

1979-88

1989-98

%change

1979-88

1989-98

1979-98

Culture system

fish pond

202 513

279 375

37.95

7.61

-2.95

3.15

brackish-water

188 358

237 668

26.18

6.33

-3.61

2.16

freshwater

14 155

41 708

194.64

16.40^a

1.1

9.37

fish cage

7 731

30 591

295.69

27.73^b

6.26

15.73

marine

234

62.48^c

62.48

freshwater

7 731

30 450

293.87

27.73^b

6.06

15.66

fish pen

47 731

25 886

-45.77

6.52

-3.09

-2.95

marine

406

13.62^c

13.62

freshwater

47 731

25 642

-46.28

6.52

-3.5

-3.1

others

173 158

485 094

180.15

11.91

10.62

10.65

seaweeds

150 935

454 565

201.17

11.07

11.48

11.12

oyster

10 732

13 424

25.08

42.12

-0.54

12.04

mussel

11 491

17 105

48.85

29.22

-2.52

9.1

Total

431 133

820 946

90.42

9.23

5.32

6.83

Production environment

brackish-water

188 358

237 668

26.18

6.33

-3.61

2.16

freshwater

69 618

97 800

40.48

17.18

1.54

6.26

marine

173 158

485 478

180.37

11.91

10.64

10.66

Total

431 133

820 946

90.42

9.23

5.32

6.83

NOTES: (a) 1981-88. (b) 1980-88. (c) 1993-98

Table 3. Quarterly production (t) of selected aquaculture species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Total

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

46 215

41 274

35 455

26 021

148 965

1994

41 357

43 455

37 450

38 744

161 006

1995

30 273

41 983

33 236

45 366

150 858

1996

28 605

41 681

34 624

45 241

150 151

1997

35 321

42 865

35 308

47 925

161 419

Ave. share (%)

23.53

27.35

22.80

26.32

100

Growth rate

-9.06

0.34

-0.87

13.76

0.91

Prawns

1993

27 315

18 260

22 602

17 919

86 096

1994

21 759

26 574

13 294

28 799

90 426

1995

24 178

14 253

21 768

28 651

88 850

1996

17 792

14 749

18 010

25 669

76 220

1997

11 764

10 240

7 441

10 657

40 102

Ave. share (%)

26.93

22.03

21.78

29.26

100

Growth rate

-18.86

-17.46

-19.19

-11.54

-16.99

Tilapia

1993

21 817

31 933

14 407

28 182

96 339

1994

27 477

31 671

16 223

14 970

90 341

1995

20 476

27 682

14 815

18 981

81 954

1996

18 601

27 710

12 813

20 291

79 415

1997

18 165

30 100

14 101

29 465

91 831

Ave. share (%)

24.22

33.89

16.45

25.44

100

Growth rate

-7.57

-2.52

-2.79

3.93

-2.25

Carp

1993

11

54

8

7

80

1994

1 860

2 374

14

1

4 249

1995

520

1 505

92

725

2 842

1996

362

1 204

49

389

2 004

1997

205

1 086

80

494

1 865

Ave. share (%)

26.79

56.37

2.20

14.64

100

Growth rate

42.13

53.24

58.58

144.77

55.68

Table 4. Quarterly seasonal indices of production of major aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species

Index (%)

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

0.892

1.108

0.904

1.119

Prawns

0.996

0.865

0.842

1.379

Tilapia

1.049

1.409

0.730

0.927

Carp

1.819

3.720

0.136

1.091

Table 5. Quarterly production (t) of selected brackish-water fish pond aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Total

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

40 471

32 635

29 106

22 298

124 510

1994

34 399

32 821

32 389

36 073

135 682

1995

28 483

37 014

28 723

43 576

137 796

1996

27 250

36 920

30 992

44 210

139 372

1997

33 321

38 342

29 175

46 413

147 251

Ave. share(%)

23.94

25.96

21.97

28.13

100

Growth rate (%)

-6.22

4.40

-0.39

16.70

3.62

Shrimps

1993

27 315

18 260

22 602

17 919

86 096

1994

21 759

26 574

13 294

28 799

90 426

1995

24 178

14 253

21 768

28 651

88 850

1996

17 792

14 749

18 010

25 669

76 220

1997

11 764

10 240

7 441

10 657

40 102

Ave. share(%)

26.93

22.03

21.78

29.26

100

Growth rate (%)

-18.86

-17.46

-19.18

-11.54

-16.99

Tilapia

1993

2 268

2 195

1 032

2 449

7 944

1994

5 133

990

484

3 222

9 829

1995

1 159

1 552

985

1 621

5 317

1996

957

1 302

1 013

1 544

4 816

1997

1 235

1 609

1 369

1 726

5 939

Ave. share(%)

31.77

22.60

14.43

31.21

100

Growth rate (%)

-28.95

-3.47

13.04

-14.35

-12.95

Table 6. Quarterly freshwater fish pond production (t) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Total

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1997

-

-

6

1

7

Tilapia

1993

11 577

12 494

5 965

17 857

47 893

1994

13 127

12 700

7 709

5 331

38 867

1995

12 891

9 914

4 909

10 697

38 411

1996

11 981

10 305

5 084

12 727

40 097

1997

10 783

10 702

4 483

13 037

39 005

Ave. share (%)

29.55

27.47

13.78

29.20

100

Growth rate (%)

-2.33

-5.19

-9.88

2.41

-3.79

Carp

1993

9

52

6

5

72

1994

24

17

14

1

56

1995

2

24

40

207

273

1996

2

17

9

181

209

1997

20

18

22

231

291

Ave. share (%)

6.33

14.21

10.10

69.37

100

Growth rate (%)

-8.88

-21.22

21.57

128.64

41.10

Table 7. Quarterly freshwater fish-pen production (t) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Total

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

5 744

8 639

6 349

3 723

24 455

1994

6 958

10 634

5 061

2 671

25 324

1995

1 790

4 969

4 513

1 790

13 062

1996

1 355

4 761

3 632

1 031

10 779

1997

2 000

4 523

6 133

1 512

14 168

Ave. share (%)

20.33

38.19

29.26

12.22

100

Growth rate (%)

-37.46

-20.98

-4.01

-27.54

-19.46

Tilapia

1993

945

1 866

1 247

881

4 939

1994

2 702

4 014

2 185

878

9 779

1995

688

1 413

2 087

688

4 876

1996

479

1 548

1 261

426

3 714

1997

266

1 399

2 077

530

4 272

Ave. share (%)

18.42

37.13

32.11

12.34

100

Growth rate (%)

-42.65

-15.29

4.7

-17.40

-12.58

Carp

1993

2

2

2

2

8

1994

1 836

2 341

a

a

4 177

1995

518

1 463

8

518

2 507

1996

360

1 171

8

208

1 747

1997

184

1 054

13

259

1 510

Ave. share (%)

29.15

60.62

0.31

9.92

96.09

Growth rate (%)

74.14

118.42

58.23

150.62

100.35

Note: a = less than 1 t

Table 8. Quarterly freshwater fish-cage production (t) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Total

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Tilapia

1993

7 027

15 378

6 163

6 995

35 563

1994

6 515

13 967

5 845

5 539

31 866

1995

5 738

14 803

6 834

5 975

33 350

1996

5 184

14 555

5 455

5 594

30 788

1997

5 881

16 390

6 172

14 172

42 615

Growth rate (%)

-5.85

1.69

-0.66

14.22

3.27

Carps

1994

-

16

-

-

16

1995

-

18

44

-

62

1996

-

16

32

-

48

1997

1

14

45

4

64

Growth rate (%)

39.03

Table 9. Total fish supply, the Philippines, 1979-97

Item

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total fish supply

2 040 821

3.93

2 873 343

2.11

2 435 174

3.53

Commercial production

529 232

25.93

2.04

804 780

28.01

3.97

659 755

27.09

3.99

Municipal production

1 017 848

49.87

2.33

1 031 103

35.89

-2.98

1 024 127

42.06

0.13

Marine

750 882

36.79

3.09

824 118

28.68

-2.61

785 573

32.26

0.92

Inland

266 967

13.08

0.14

206 984

7.20

-4.56

238 554

9.80

-2.43

Aquaculture production

431 133

21.13

9.23

805 553

28.04

5.92

608 490

24.99

7.08

Imports for food use

11 675

2.38

-113.85

59 804

4.61

71.53

34 473

3.62

23.77

Imports for non-food use

48 550

2.38

17.59

132 369

4.61

-4.49

88 254

3.62

12.79

Imports for re-export

2 384

0.12

88.15

39 735

1.38

18.82

20 076

0.82

66.50

Table 10. Contribution of aquaculture sector to total fish supply

Item

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total Production

431 133

9.23

805 553

5.92

608 490

7.08

Exported Production

169 729

39.37

13.22

502 569

62.39

11.28

327 390

53.80

11.96

Seaweed

150 935

35.01

11.07

432 552

53.70

12.31

284 333

46.73

11.27

Shrimp/Prawn

18 794

4.36

47.42

70 017

8.69

3.05

43 058

7.08

23.20

Residual production for consumption

261 405

60.63

6.72

302 983

37.61

-2.44

281 100

46.20

2.08

Bangus

200 915

46.60

1.21

175 714

21.81

-4.45

188 978

31.06

-1.34

Tilapia

34 784

8.07

41.50

85 049

10.56

1.20

58 594

9.63

15.56

Carps and others

25 705

5.96

35.22

42 221

5.24

-0.87

33 528

5.51

12.60

Table 11. Contribution of commercial fisheries sector to total fish supply

Items

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty(t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty(t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total production

529 232

2.04

804 780

3.97

659 755

3.99

Exported production

51 675

9.76

9.33

103 312

12.84

5.35

76 135

11.54

7.55

Yellowfin and big-eye tuna

17 976

3.40

3.83

30 054

3.73

1.25

23 697

3.59

4.53

Skipjack tuna

32 403

6.12

11.99

70 399

8.75

7.57

50 401

7.64

9.09

Squid and cuttlefish

1 296

0.24

22.60

2 859

0.36

-1.55

2 036

0.31

11.31

Residual production for consumption

477 557

90.24

1.36

701 468

87.16

3.86

583 620

88.46

3.61

Roundscad

129 441

24.46

2.72

223 099

27.72

-0.48

173 805

26.34

4.67

Sardines

42 078

7.95

-2.24

145 525

18.08

15.08

91 079

13.80

10.65

Frigate Tuna

48 355

9.14

3.71

55 543

6.90

-1.82

51 760

7.85

1.49

Eastern little tuna

15 986

3.02

11.63

17 865

2.22

2.14

16 876

2.56

2.91

Slipmouth

31 241

5.90

-8.08

30 548

3.80

7.23

30 913

4.69

-0.52

Anchovies

31 218

5.90

9.42

30 161

3.75

0.63

30 717

4.66

1.37

Indian mackerel

18 679

3.53

7.78

29 211

3.63

-6.61

23 668

3.59

4.00

Big eye scad

14 289

2.70

-0.20

18 904

2.35

3.76

16 475

2.50

2.64

Indo-pacific mackerel

11 348

2.14

4.03

12 562

1.56

7.15

11 923

1.81

1.89

Others

134 922

25.49

-1.21

138 050

17.15

5.69

136 404

20.67

0.52

Table 12. Contribution of municipal fisheries sector to total fish supply

Items

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total production

1 017 848

2.33

1 031 103

-2.98

1 024 127

0.13

Exported production

60 003

5.90

0.62

70 055

6.79

1.10

64 765

6.32

1.40

Yellowfin and bigeye tuna

37 922

3.73

0.88

33 803

3.28

-3.83

35 971

3.51

-1.42

Skipjack tuna

21 054

2.07

1.41

22 909

2.22

-4.14

21 933

2.14

0.42

Others

1 027

0.10

-76.27

13 343

1.29

104.62

6 861

0.67

19.60

Non-food use

132 819

13.05

-0.14

127 085

12.33

-2.03

130 103

12.70

-0.55

Residual production for consumption

825 026

81.06

2.87

833 962

80.88

-3.50

829 259

80.97

0.14

Roundscad

28 439

2.79

0.14

26 822

2.60

-1.33

27 673

2.70

-0.57

Sardines

69 843

6.86

-5.77

71 715

6.96

3.22

70 730

6.91

-0.09

Frigate tuna

37 977

3.73

1.11

42 819

4.15

-3.22

40 270

3.93

-0.30

Squid

15 078

1.48

1.92

32 365

3.14

12.81

23 267

2.27

7.28

Slipmouth

31 353

3.08

8.92

31 746

3.08

-9.63

31 539

3.08

0.33

Anchovies

62 399

6.13

4.56

57 098

5.54

-10.34

59 888

5.85

-1.37

Indian mackerel

17 144

1.68

3.81

27 111

2.63

2.64

21 865

2.14

4.64

Bigeye scad

21 190

2.08

-2.91

23 147

2.24

3.57

22 117

2.16

0.75

Blue crabs

13 421

1.32

2.29

23 910

2.32

9.81

18 389

1.80

5.70

Threadfin bream

27 115

2.66

8.24

27 075

2.63

-6.96

27 096

2.65

0.49

Others

501 067

49.23

3.90

470 154

45.60

-5.75

486 424

47.50

-0.55

Table 13. Contribution of imports to total fish supply

Items

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total import

62 608

8.27

222 596

5.37

142 802

14.38

Imports for re-export (tuna)

2 384

3.81

88.15

37 680

16.93

18.82

20 076

14.06

66.50

Imports for non-food use

48 550

77.55

17.59

127 759

57.40

-4.49

88 254

61.80

12.79

Fish meal

26 913

42.99

6.38

82 033

36.85

11.65

54 542

38.19

12.03

Other

21 637

34.56

43.61

45 726

20.54

-33.25

33 711

23.61

15.71

Imports for consumption

11 675

18.65

-113.85

57 157

25.68

71.53

34 473

24.14

23.77

Sardines

7 981

12.75

-105.43

15 488

6.96

40.18

11 744

8.22

14.31

Mackerel

3 694

5.90

-121.90

41 669

18.72

92.33

22 729

15.92

28.15

Table 14. Contribution of aquaculture, commercial and municipal fisheries sectors and imports to per caput fish supply for consumption by fish species

Sector/Species

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

89-97/79-88 Change (%)

Quantity (kg)

Share (%)

Quantity (kg)

Share (%)

Quantity (kg)

Share (%)

Aquaculture

4.95

16.59

5.74

19.44

5.32

17.96

15.91

Bangus

3.81

12.75

3.33

11.27

3.58

12.07

-12.54

Tilapia

0.66

2.21

1.61

5.46

1.11

3.74

144.51

Carps and others

0.49

1.63

0.80

2.71

0.64

2.14

64.25

Commercial

9.05

30.31

10.48

35.49

9.81

33.09

15.85

Roundscad

2.45

8.21

3.33

11.29

2.92

9.85

35.94

Sardines

0.80

2.67

2.17

7.36

1.53

5.16

172.77

Frigate Tuna

0.92

3.07

0.83

2.81

0.87

2.93

-9.41

Eastern little tuna

0.30

1.01

0.27

0.90

0.28

0.96

-11.86

Slipmouth

0.59

1.98

0.46

1.55

0.52

1.75

-22.88

Anchovies

0.59

1.98

0.45

1.53

0.52

1.74

-23.80

Indian mackerel

0.35

1.19

0.44

1.48

0.40

1.34

23.34

Big eye scad

0.27

0.91

0.28

0.96

0.28

0.93

4.34

Indo-pacific mackerel

0.21

0.72

0.19

0.64

0.20

0.68

-12.69

Others

2.56

8.56

2.06

6.98

2.29

7.73

-19.30

Municipal

15.63

52.36

12.46

42.19

13.94

47.01

-20.28

Roundscad

0.54

1.80

0.40

1.36

0.47

1.57

-25.61

Sardines

1.32

4.43

1.07

3.63

1.19

4.01

-19.02

Frigate tuna

0.72

2.41

0.64

2.17

0.68

2.28

-11.07

Squid

0.29

0.96

0.48

1.64

0.39

1.32

69.29

Slipmouth

0.59

1.99

0.47

1.61

0.53

1.79

-20.14

Anchovies

1.18

3.96

0.85

2.89

1.01

3.40

-27.83

Indian mackerel

0.32

1.09

0.41

1.37

0.37

1.24

24.72

Big eye scad

0.40

1.34

0.35

1.17

0.37

1.25

-13.85

Blue crabs

0.25

0.85

0.36

1.21

0.31

1.04

40.51

Threadfin bream

0.51

1.72

0.40

1.37

0.46

1.54

-21.24

Others

9.49

31.80

7.02

23.79

8.18

27.58

-26.00

Imports

0.22

0.74

0.85

2.89

0.58

1.95

286.13

Sardines

0.15

0.51

0.23

0.78

0.20

0.67

53.06

Mackerel

0.07

0.23

0.62

2.11

0.38

1.29

789.64

Total

29.85

29.53

29.65

-1.05

Table 15. Total fish demand

Item

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Qty (t)

Share (%)

Growth rate (%)

Total demand

2 040 821

3.93

2 873 343

2.11

2 435 174

3.53

Human consumption

1 575 662

77.21

2.66

1 898 218

66.06

0.24

1 7284 52

70.98

1.91

Exports

283 791

13.91

9.90

715 671

24.91

9.36

488 366

20.05

9.83

Non-food use

181 368

8.89

5.25

259 454

9.03

-3.40

218 356

8.97

3.39

Table 16. Per caput fish consumption by fish species

Fish species

Per caput consumption (kg)

% Change

1979-88

1989-97

1979-97

89-97/79-88

Anchovies

1.77

1.30

1.52

-26.49

Bangus¹

3.81

3.33

3.58

-12.54

Big eye scad

0.67

0.63

0.65

-6.52

Blue crabs

0.25

0.36

0.31

40.51

Carps/other freshwater fish¹

0.49

0.80

0.64

64.25

Eastern little tuna

0.30

0.27

0.28

-11.86

Frigate Tuna

1.64

1.47

1.55

-10.14

Mackerel

0.96

1.65

1.35

71.42

Roundscad

2.99

3.73

3.39

24.85

Threadfin bream

0.51

0.40

0.46

-21.24

Tilapia¹

0.66

1.61

1.11

144.51

Sardines

2.27

3.48

2.92

53.09

Squid

0.29

0.48

0.39

69.29

Slipmouth

1.19

0.93

1.05

-21.51

Others

12.05

9.09

10.47

-24.58

Per caput fish consumption

29.85

29.53

29.65

-1.05

NOTE: (1) Estimates of per caput consumption of these fish species are based on production from the aquaculture sector only. For the rest of the fish species, estimates of the per caput consumption are based on production from commercial and municipal fisheries sectors, including imports.

Table 17. Monthly/Annual household and per caput fish consumption (kg), the Philippines, 1996

Items

Rural Producer

Rural Non-Producer

Urban

All

n=7

n=20

n=9

n=36

Average household size

6.00

7.38

6.11

6.79

Household consumption/annum

435.43

293.20

206.89

299.28

Capture fisheries

Bisugo

9.43

24.00

13.33

18.50

Bonito

0

1.20

9.33

3.00

Other marine fish

93.43

85.20

119.11

95.28

Aquaculture

Bangus

13.71

52.20

19.56

36.56

Tilapia

237.14

117.40

35.56

120.22

Hito/Catfish/Kanduli

0.00

6.60

0.67

3.83

Other freshwater fish

81.71

6.60

9.33

21.89

Per caput consumption/annum

72.57

39.73

33.86

44.64

Capture fisheries

Bisugo

1.57

3.25

2.18

2.72

Bonito

0.16

1.53

0.44

Other marine fish

15.57

11.54

19.49

14.03

Aquaculture

Bangus

2.29

7.07

3.20

5.38

Tilapia

39.52

15.91

5.82

17.70

Hito/Catfish/Kanduli

0.89

0.11

0.56

Other freshwater fish

13.62

0.89

1.53

3.22

SOURCE: Regaspi et al. (1997).

Table 18. Per caput intake of protein in the Philippines, 1975-96

Year

Total protein consumption (protein g/cap/day)

Fish and seafood protein consumption (protein g/cap/day)

% of fish and seafood to total protein consumption

1975

47.8

12.7

27

1976

47.8

11.5

24

1977

48.8

12.2

25

1978

48.2

11.4

24

1979

49.5

11.1

22

1980

51.6

11.2

22

1981

52.0

11.9

23

1982

53.2

12.2

23

1983

51.4

13.0

25

1984

50.7

12.4

24

1985

49.5

11.8

24

1986

50.9

12.0

24

1987

51.1

12.2

24

1988

53.1

12.4

23

1989

55.4

13.0

23

1990

56.6

13.3

23

1991

56.6

13.7

24

1992

55.7

13.1

24

1993

56.6

12.7

22

1994

56.8

12.4

22

1995

56.8

12.4

22

1996

55.3

12.1

22

Average

52.5

12.3

23.5

Growth rate (%)

0.85

0.44

-0.41

SOURCE: FAOSTAT Database, FAO 1998.

Table 19. Traders' buying and selling prices of fish (Pesos/kg)

Species

Buying price

Selling price

Price margin

Tilapia*

38.95

47.60

8.65

Bangus*

58.37

67.15

8.78

Catfish*

35.73

41.17

5.44

Bisugo

53.34

68.34

15.00

Crustaceans

82.35

101.98

19.63

Other marine fish

43.98

54.28

10.30

Other freshwater fish*

38.81

46.00

7.19

NOTE: * Mainly products of aquaculture.
SOURCE: Regaspi et al. (1997).

Table 20. Monthly market transaction and margin of fish trader (based on a sample size of n=45)

Item

Quantity (kg)

Value (peso)

Gross sales (fish sold)

2 339

113 345

Inventory (fish bought)

2 239

94 960

Marketing costs

Transportation

361

Permit

167

Licence

49

Rent of Shop

159

Electricity

55

Ice

519

Storage

55

Labour cost

Hired

877

Family

59

Other cost

365

Total cost

97 636

Net Profit

15 706

Margin/kg of fish

7.01

SOURCE: Regaspi et al. (1997).

Table 21. Consumers' price index (CPI) and the purchasing value of the peso

Year

Consumers' price index (1988=100)

Philippines

NCR¹

Outside NCR¹

1988

100

100

100

1989

112

110

113

1990

128

127

128

1991

152

154

151

1992

166

172

163

1993

178

190

175

1994

194

210

190

1995

210

227

204

1996

228

246

222

1997

239

262

230

1998

261

286

250

Growth rate (%)

9.42

10.62

8.94

Purchasing power of the peso (1988=100)

1988

100

100

100

1989

89

91

88

1990

78

79

78

1991

66

65

66

1992

60

58

61

1993

56

53

57

1994

51

48

53

1995

48

44

49

1996

44

41

45

1997

42

38

43

1998

38

35

40

Growth rate (%)

-9.42

-10.62

-8.94

Note: (1) National Capital Region

Table 22. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of selected aquaculture species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

43.57

43.08

43.68

43.39

43.43

1994

63.79

29.69

64.69

48.65

51.15

1995

53.56

53.70

55.02

52.86

53.71

1996

58.69

57.81

59.57

57.39

58.26

1997

60.78

57.77

50.69

53.41

55.59

Growth rate

5.83

12.53

2.15

5.81

6.58

Prawns

1993

177.67

169.04

192.10

186.30

181.42

1994

276.86

132.20

327.28

189.34

213.89

1995

230.54

200.47

211.51

219.73

217.57

1996

231.62

240.26

238.71

236.74

236.69

1997

281.79

296.81

288.54

274.81

285.02

Growth rate

7.44

17.23

4.98

10.01

9.91

Tilapia

1993

41.75

41.31

41.14

50.18

43.98

1994

42.32

39.97

43.18

45.54

42.18

1995

39.76

44.24

44.16

40.30

42.19

1996

42.90

49.12

45.53

47.57

46.69

1997

50.41

43.94

44.74

47.21

46.39

Growth rate

3.91

3.30

2.21

-0.79

2.16

Carp

1993

34.91

9.30

44.63

27.57

17.95

1994

20.12

17.15

23.64

101.00

18.49

1995

25.12

15.60

50.74

22.42

20.22

1996

11.47

20.54

47.10

30.83

21.55

1997

18.09

15.83

28.06

27.69

19.75

Growth rate

-18.76

12.45

-2.39

-11.79

-5.12

Table 23. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of selected brackish-water fish pond aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

1993

42.89

42.25

42.72

42.36

42.59

1994

66.87

26.77

66.91

48.62

52.33

1995

53.60

52.38

56.53

52.86

53.65

1996

58.30

58.82

59.18

57.33

58.33

1997

60.83

58.21

51.89

53.91

56.20

Growth rate (%)

5.62

14.28

2.66

6.47

7.26

Shrimps

1993

177.67

169.04

192.10

186.30

181.42

1994

276.86

132.20

327.28

189.34

213.89

1995

230.54

200.47

211.51

219.73

217.57

1996

231.62

240.26

238.71

236.74

236.69

1997

281.79

296.81

288.54

274.81

285.02

Growth rate (%)

7.44

17.23

4.98

10.01

9.92

Tilapia

1993

38.51

40.60

52.53

44.71

42.82

1994

67.78

24.20

52.80

47.98

56.16

1995

49.59

43.36

48.58

42.00

45.27

1996

49.22

47.96

52.19

49.71

49.66

1997

55.14

51.02

46.14

47.78

49.81

Growth rate (%)

3.97

11.41

-2.71

1.68

3.59

Table 24. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of selected freshwater fish-pond aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1997

-

-

70.00

40.00

65.71

Tilapia

1993

44.66

48.45

44.76

56.12

49.93

1994

34.54

41.97

45.71

45.28

40.66

1995

35.44

45.92

44.88

36.25

39.58

1996

40.31

56.30

43.59

46.33

46.75

1997

51.16

50.09

49.62

45.74

48.88

Growth rate (%)

10.71

3.60

1.59

-3.86

3.01

Carp

1993

33.56

8.12

45.83

21.80

15.39

1994

29.25

34.65

23.64

101.00

30.77

1995

57.00

51.46

78.68

15.97

28.58

1996

76.50

65.94

68.44

41.09

44.63

1997

46.70

65.33

43.32

39.28

41.71

Growth rate (%)

16.22

48.15

9.50

2.78

19.16

Table 25. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of selected freshwater fish-pen aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

48.30

46.23

48.11

49.58

47.71

1994

48.57

38.69

50.47

48.94

44.84

1995

52.90

63.54

45.40

52.90

54.36

1996

66.61

49.99

62.96

60.00

57.40

1997

59.92

53.99

44.92

38.18

49.21

Growth rate (%)

7.47

5.67

0.84

-3.19

2.70

Tilapia

1993

33.03

29.13

28.33

34.39

30.61

1994

34.55

25.89

36.14

31.51

31.07

1995

40.96

35.30

35.59

40.94

37.02

1996

18.33

30.43

48.67

45.78

36.82

1997

41.22

37.30

37.42

37.79

37.66

Growth rate (%)

-1.91

6.56

8.54

5.62

4.70

Carp

1993

41.00

40.00

41.00

42.00

41.00

1994

20.00

17.02

18.30

18.35

18.33

1995

25.00

15.00

25.00

25.00

19.16

1996

11.11

20.00

20.25

21.89

18.39

1997

15.00

15.00

20.00

17.00

15.39

Growth rate (%)

-25.99

-18.00

-13.34

-16.32

-18.41

Table 26. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of selected freshwater fish-cage aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Tilapia

1993

39.17

37.09

38.31

38.94

38.08

1994

41.16

43.31

41.68

46.61

43.15

1995

47.32

44.07

45.61

47.02

45.47

1996

50.00

46.14

45.38

49.93

47.34

1997

48.45

39.79

43.36

48.84

44.51

Growth rate (%)

6.20

2.04

3.32

5.22

4.20

Carp

1994

-

18.00

-

-

18.00

1995

-

16.56

30.02

-

26.11

1996

-

12.00

47.81

-

35.88

1997

15.00

15.00

22.93

50.00

22.77

Growth rate (%)

10.22

Table 27. Quarterly seasonal indices of prices of major aquaculture fish species, 1993-1997

Species

Index (%)

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1.116

0.860

1.098

0.949

Prawns

1.119

0.851

1.142

0.920

Tilapia

0.959

1.021

1.015

1.006

Carp

0.662

0.630

1.504

1.595

Table 28. Quarterly wholesale prices (Peso/kg) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

46.85

48.94

44.80

49.28

47.47

1994

55.36

57.57

55.79

55.66

56.10

1995

63.83

61.54

54.87

52.51

58.19

1996

61.72

62.35

60.17

60.18

61.11

1997

65.53

64.72

55.73

54.20

60.05

Growth rate (%)

7.80

6.39

5.12

2.68

5.50

Prawns

1993

191.87

172.85

150.20

141.53

164.11

1994

158.15

190.72

178.69

201.58

182.29

1995

213.77

198.32

185.23

199.64

199.24

1996

212.24

200.24

204.00

208.16

206.16

1997

234.10

217.26

223.35

250.97

231.42

Growth rate (%)

-20.40

6.39

5.12

2.68

-1.55

Tilapia

1993

35.23

38.64

36.20

39.00

37.27

1994

41.18

42.03

43.70

41.36

42.07

1995

43.16

41.71

42.59

42.26

42.43

1996

43.80

43.37

41.75

40.37

42.32

1997

41.65

42.93

38.59

42.95

41.53

Growth rate (%)

3.96

2.42

0.82

1.69

2.22

Table 29. Quarterly retail prices (Peso/kg) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

59.05

60.39

57.02

59.59

59.01

1994

67.98

69.19

66.38

67.06

67.65

1995

79.24

75.37

68.12

65.85

72.15

1996

77.36

85.57

73.92

73.92

77.69

1997

80.54

78.70

71.13

69.32

74.92

Growth rate (%)

7.50

7.42

5.50

4.00

6.10

Prawns

1993

174.06

187.28

187.74

192.13

185.30

1994

194.75

198.98

200.53

210.25

201.13

1995

226.37

232.12

223.66

244.23

231.60

1996

260.16

263.05

258.56

256.75

259.63

1997

269.30

270.11

270.55

286.19

274.04

Growth rate (%)

11.62

10.12

9.85

9.97

10.39

Tilapia

1993

52.44

49.10

50.34

51.78

50.92

1994

57.10

56.78

55.47

55.46

56.20

1995

60.17

58.02

55.29

54.36

56.96

1996

58.46

58.08

57.70

57.13

57.84

1997

59.28

60.14

57.85

57.24

58.63

Growth rate (%)

2.69

4.28

3.18

2.30

3.11

Table 30. Quarterly price margins (Peso/kg) (wholesale market) of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Average margin

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

3.28

5.86

1.12

5.89

4.04

1994

-8.43

27.88

-8.90

7.01

4.39

1995

10.27

7.84

-0.15

-0.35

4.40

1996

3.03

4.54

0.60

2.79

2.74

1997

4.75

6.95

5.04

0.79

4.38

Average

2.58

10.61

-0.46

3.23

3.99

Prawns

1993

14.20

3.81

-41.90

-44.77

-17.16

1994

-118.71

11.24

-54.09

12.24

-49.14

1995

-16.77

-2.15

-26.28

-20.09

-16.32

1996

-19.38

-40.02

-34.71

-28.58

-30.67

1997

-47.69

-79.55

-65.19

-23.84

-54.07

Average

-37.67

-21.33

-44.44

-21.01

-33.47

Tilapia

1993

-6.52

-2.67

-4.94

-11.18

-6.33

1994

-1.14

2.06

0.52

-4.18

-0.69

1995

3.40

-2.53

-1.57

1.96

0.32

1996

0.90

-5.75

-3.78

-7.20

-3.96

1997

-8.76

-1.01

-6.15

-4.26

-5.05

Average

-2.42

-1.98

-3.18

-4.97

-3.14

NOTE: Price margin at the wholesale market is defined as the price difference between wholesale price and farm price.

Table 31. Quarterly price margins (Peso/kg) at the retail market of selected aquaculture fish species, 1993-97

Species/Year

Quarter

Average margin

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Milkfish

1993

12.20

11.45

12.22

10.31

11.55

1994

12.62

11.62

10.59

11.40

11.56

1995

15.41

13.83

13.25

13.34

13.96

1996

15.64

23.22

13.75

13.74

16.59

1997

15.01

13.98

15.40

15.12

14.88

Average

14.18

14.82

13.04

12.78

13.71

Prawns

1993

-17.81

14.43

37.54

50.60

21.19

1994

36.60

8.26

21.84

8.67

18.84

1995

12.60

33.80

38.43

44.59

32.36

1996

47.92

62.81

54.56

48.59

53.47

1997

35.20

52.85

47.20

35.22

42.62

Average

22.90

34.43

39.91

37.53

33.70

Tilapia

1993

17.21

10.46

14.14

12.78

13.65

1994

15.92

14.75

11.77

14.10

14.14

1995

17.01

16.31

12.70

12.10

14.53

1996

14.66

14.71

15.95

16.76

15.52

1997

17.63

17.21

19.26

14.29

17.10

Average

16.49

14.69

14.76

14.01

14.99

NOTE: Price margin at the retail market is defined as the price difference between wholesale price and retail price.

Table 32. Quarterly farm prices (Peso/kg) of cattle, hog and poultry, 1993-97

Item

Quarter

Average Price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Cattle (live wt.)

1993

37.73

40.16

40.29

39.24

39.36

1994

45.27

45.85

45.20

46.23

45.64

1995

39.50

37.05

44.73

47.05

42.08

1996

42.64

47.00

41.71

43.55

43.73

1997

42.16

44.14

44.53

43.52

43.59

Av. price

41.46

42.84

43.29

43.92

42.88

Growth rate (%)

1.62

2.14

1.20

1.47

1.61

Hog (upgraded)

1993

35.57

35.13

35.08

35.49

35.32

1994

37.66

40.57

41.67

44.75

41.16

1995

45.61

45.72

42.35

42.29

43.99

1996

45.23

48.04

48.59

48.45

47.57

1997

48.53

50.48

48.95

49.49

49.36

Ave. price

42.52

43.99

43.33

44.09

43.48

Growth rate (%)

8.05

8.94

8.20

7.44

8.16

Poultry

1993

49.19

49.67

51.19

52.24

50.57

1994

54.60

54.74

55.34

55.76

55.11

1995

47.58

47.29

50.58

45.69

47.79

1996

49.38

49.37

49.09

43.74

47.89

1997

47.74

48.05

49.01

47.67

48.12

Ave. price

49.70

49.83

51.04

49.02

49.90

Growth rate (%)

-1.60

-1.69

-2.07

-4.26

-2.41

Table 33. Quarterly wholesale prices (Peso/kg) of beef, pork and chicken, 1993-97

Item

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Beef

1993

90.98

90.18

88.13

88.00

89.32

1994

90.83

91.38

90.28

90.13

90.66

1995

90.00

91.20

89.33

89.54

90.02

1996

89.71

89.89

90.00

90.00

89.90

1997

91.33

92.56

92.05

92.67

92.15

Ave. price

90.57

91.04

89.96

90.07

90.41

Growth rate (%)

-0.05

0.36

0.84

1.02

0.54

Pork

1993

38.02

41.55

43.19

40.69

40.86

1994

48.81

55.45

53.38

52.47

52.53

1995

53.35

50.48

42.59

43.71

47.53

1996

55.60

61.54

60.21

56.41

58.44

1997

56.73

56.69

54.55

54.90

55.72

Ave. price

50.50

53.14

50.78

49.64

51.02

Growth rate (%)

9.31

7.26

5.87

6.71

7.29

Chicken

1993

35.13

43.30

45.75

41.27

41.36

1994

42.53

43.14

46.04

42.81

43.63

1995

43.79

44.22

54.77

44.25

46.76

1996

40.28

46.80

44.85

43.96

43.97

1997

48.67

47.73

41.44

47.34

46.30

Ave. price

42.08

45.04

46.57

43.93

44.40

Growth rate (%)

5.98

2.76

-2.24

3.01

2.38

Table 34. Quarterly retail prices (Peso/kg) of beef, pork and chicken, 1993-97

Item

Quarter

Average price

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Beef

1993

140.99

140.52

134.49

133.85

137.46

1994

135.49

136.52

134.71

136.64

135.84

1995

134.88

137.16

134.37

132.82

134.81

1996

134.16

133.30

133.38

133.17

133.50

1997

133.42

134.28

134.46

133.67

133.96

Ave. price

135.79

136.35

134.28

134.03

135.11

Growth rate (%)

-1.20

-1.15

-0.10

-0.28

-0.68

Pork

1993

78.20

76.54

77.02

75.74

76.88

1994

81.04

87.79

88.62

87.82

86.32

1995

88.32

88.12

85.14

84.59

86.54

1996

90.52

99.77

99.77

97.79

96.96

1997

98.36

100.87

103.08

100.99

100.83

Ave. price

87.29

90.62

90.73

89.39

89.50

Growth rate (%)

5.69

6.80

7.01

6.83

6.58

Chicken

1993

60.08

64.74

67.35

66.90

64.77

1994

69.13

68.85

71.60

70.73

70.08

1995

69.91

67.26

77.39

71.02

71.39

1996

67.85

71.18

70.64

69.84

69.88

1997

71.50

74.43

70.73

72.04

72.18

Ave. price

67.69

69.29

71.54

70.11

69.66

Growth rate (%)

3.30

3.12

0.84

1.36

2.15

Table 35. Quarterly price margins (Peso/kg) at the wholesale market of beef, pork and chicken, 1993-97

Item

Quarter

Average margin

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Beef

1993

53.25

50.02

47.84

48.76

49.97

1994

45.56

45.53

45.08

43.90

45.02

1995

50.50

54.15

44.60

42.49

47.94

1996

47.07

42.89

48.29

46.45

46.18

1997

49.17

48.42

47.52

49.15

48.56

Ave. margin

49.11

48.20

46.67

46.15

47.53

Pork

1993

2.45

6.42

8.11

5.20

5.55

1994

11.15

14.88

11.71

7.72

11.37

1995

7.73

4.76

0.23

1.42

3.54

1996

10.38

13.51

11.62

7.96

10.87

1997

8.19

6.21

5.59

5.41

6.35

Ave. margin

7.98

9.15

7.45

5.54

7.53

Chicken

1993

-14.06

-6.37

-5.44

-10.97

-9.21

1994

-12.07

-11.61

-9.30

-12.95

-11.48

1995

-3.79

-3.08

4.19

-1.43

-1.03

1996

-9.10

-2.57

-4.24

0.22

-3.92

1997

0.93

-0.32

-7.56

-0.33

-1.82

Ave. margin

-7.62

-4.79

-4.47

-5.09

-5.49

Table 36. Quarterly price margins (Peso/kg) at the retail market of beef, pork and chicken, 1993-97

Item

Quarter

Average margin

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Beef

1993

50.01

50.34

46.36

45.85

48.14

1994

44.66

45.14

44.42

46.50

45.18

1995

44.88

45.96

45.04

43.28

44.79

1996

44.45

43.41

43.38

43.17

43.60

1997

42.08

41.72

42.42

41.00

41.81

Ave. margin

45.22

45.31

44.32

43.96

44.70

Pork

1993

40.19

34.99

33.83

35.04

36.01

1994

32.23

32.33

35.24

35.35

33.79

1995

34.97

37.64

42.55

40.88

39.01

1996

34.92

38.22

39.56

41.38

38.52

1997

41.64

44.18

48.53

46.09

45.11

Ave. margin

36.79

37.47

39.94

39.75

38.49

Chicken

1993

24.95

21.44

21.60

25.63

23.40

1994

26.60

25.72

25.56

27.92

26.45

1995

26.12

23.04

22.61

26.76

24.64

1996

27.57

24.38

25.79

25.88

25.91

1997

22.83

26.70

29.29

24.70

25.88

Ave. margin

25.61

24.26

24.97

26.18

25.25

Table 37. Supply elasticities of selected fishery products by regions, the Philippines

Country/Region

Tilapia

Milkfish

Tuna

Roundscad

Prawn

Philippines

0.50

0.60

0.21

0.21

0.63

Cordillera Autonomous Region

0.20

0.30

0.10

0.15

0.60

Ilocos

0.65

0.80

0.10

0.15

0.80

Cagayan Valley

0.65

0.40

0.15

0.15

0.60

Central Luzon

0.65

0.80

0.15

0.20

0.90

Southern Tagalog

0.65

0.80

0.22

0.35

0.90

Bicol

0.30

0.65

0.22

0.25

0.60

Western Visayas

0.50

0.80

0.25

0.25

0.90

Central Visayas

0.30

0.50

0.20

0.20

0.50

Eastern Visayas

0.30

0.45

0.20

0.25

0.50

Western Mindanao

0.40

0.70

0.30

0.25

0.45

Northern Mindanao

0.50

0.35

0.22

0.20

0.45

Southern Mindanao

0.40

0.45

0.30

0.20

0.45

Central Mindanao

0.40

0.40

0.30

0.20

0.50

SOURCE: Estrada and Bantilan (1991)

Table 38. Demand elasticities of selected fishery products by regions, the Philippines

Country/Region

Tilapia

Milkfish

Tuna

Roundscad

Prawn

Philippines

-0.65

-0.63

-1.50

-0.41

-1.52

Cordillera Autonomous Region

-0.75

-0.80

-1.80

-0.60

-1.80

Ilocos

-0.55

-0.50

-1.80

-0.60

-1.50

Cagayan Valley

-0.55

-0.80

-1.80

-0.60

-1.80

Central Luzon

-0.55

-0.60

-1.80

-0.50

-1.40

Southern Tagalog

-0.55

-0.56

-1.70

-0.40

-1.50

Bicol

-0.50

-0.60

-1.40

-0.30

-1.60

Western Visayas

-0.75

-0.50

-1.30

-0.30

-1.20

Central Visayas

-0.65

-0.60

-1.40

-0.40

-1.50

Eastern Visayas

-0.75

-0.80

-1.40

-0.30

-1.50

Western Mindanao

-0.75

-0.60

-1.30

-0.30

-1.50

Northern Mindanao

-0.70

-0.70

-1.40

-0.30

-1.50

Southern Mindanao

-0.60

-0.60

-1.30

-0.35

-1.50

Central Mindanao

-0.70

-0.70

-1.30

-0.35

-1.50

SOURCE: Estrada and Bantilan (1991)

Table 39. Cross-price elasticities of selected fish species, the Philippines

Commodity

Milkfish

Tilapia

Roundscad

(Double log model)

(Semi-log model)

Roundscad

0.46

2.24

Tilapia

-0.17

1.98

Milkfish

0.37

0.90

Pork

2.72

0.32

0.35

Beef

1.33

1.13

0.28

Poultry

0.16

1.07

0.33

SOURCE: Gomez (1986)

Table 40. Income elasticities of selected commodities by income quartile, the Philippines

Commodity

Urban

Rural

I

II

III

IV

I

II

III

IV

Rice

0.05

0.10

-0.01

-0.09

0.27

0.11

0.09

0.03

Corn

-0.27

-0.42

-0.26

0.06

-0.64

-0.27

-0.39

-0.32

Wheat

0.89

0.71

0.42

0.19

1.20

0.63

0.47

0.28

Vegetables

0.52

0.47

0.29

0.25

0.06

0.31

0.20

0.20

Pork

1.17

0.97

0.64

0.35

1.62

1.17

0.88

0.53

Beef

1.34

1.07

0.74

0.44

1.74

1.29

0.97

0.62

Poultry

1.36

1.07

0.75

0.45

1.71

1.28

1.06

0.62

Eggs

1.30

1.05

0.72

0.41

1.68

1.33

1.01

0.54

Fish

1.20

0.99

0.71

0.43

1.61

1.27

0.98

0.57

SOURCE: Bouis (1991)

Sector	Production					Growth rate
Sector	1979-88	Share	1989-98	Share	% change⁽¹⁾	1979-88	1989-98	1979-98
Quantity	(t)	(%)	(t)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)
Commercial	529 232	26.75	818 356	30.81	54.63	2.04	3.77	3.97
Municipal	1 017 848	51.45	1 017 107	38.29	-0.07	2.33	-2.95	-0.08
Marine	750 882	37.96	816 174	30.72	8.70	3.09	-2.43	0.72
Inland	266 967	13.50	200 933	7.56	-24.73	0.14	-5.16	-2.75
Aquaculture	431 133	21.79	820 946	30.90	90.42	9.23	5.32	6.83
Total	1 978 214	100	2 656 408	100	34.28	0.46	1.63	2.91
Value	('000 P)	(%)	('000 P)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)	(%)
Commercial	6 373 842	26.17	19 751 805	28.03	209.89	13.38	10.64	11.8
Municipal	11 177 141	45.90	23 717 930	33.66	112.20	14.5	4.72	8.63
Marine	9 710 453	39.87	21 396 064	30.36	120.34	14.12	5.46	8.91
Inland	1 466 687	6.02	2 321 866	3.29	58.31	17.68	-175	6.46
Aquaculture	6 801 687	27.93	26 998 378	38.31	296.94	25.82	5.69	2.91
Total	24 352 669	100	70 468 113	100	189.37	17	6.78	11.67

Item		Average production (t)			Growth rate (%)
Item		1979-88	1989-98	%change	1979-88	1989-98	1979-98
Culture system
	fish pond	202 513	279 375	37.95	7.61	-2.95	3.15
	brackish-water	188 358	237 668	26.18	6.33	-3.61	2.16
	freshwater	14 155	41 708	194.64	16.40^a	1.1	9.37
	fish cage	7 731	30 591	295.69	27.73^b	6.26	15.73
	marine		234			62.48^c	62.48
	freshwater	7 731	30 450	293.87	27.73^b	6.06	15.66
	fish pen	47 731	25 886	-45.77	6.52	-3.09	-2.95
	marine		406			13.62^c	13.62
	freshwater	47 731	25 642	-46.28	6.52	-3.5	-3.1
	others	173 158	485 094	180.15	11.91	10.62	10.65
	seaweeds	150 935	454 565	201.17	11.07	11.48	11.12
	oyster	10 732	13 424	25.08	42.12	-0.54	12.04
	mussel	11 491	17 105	48.85	29.22	-2.52	9.1
Total		431 133	820 946	90.42	9.23	5.32	6.83
Production environment
	brackish-water	188 358	237 668	26.18	6.33	-3.61	2.16
	freshwater	69 618	97 800	40.48	17.18	1.54	6.26
	marine	173 158	485 478	180.37	11.91	10.64	10.66
Total		431 133	820 946	90.42	9.23	5.32	6.83

Species/Year	Quarter				Total
Species/Year	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	Total
Milkfish
1993	46 215	41 274	35 455	26 021	148 965
1994	41 357	43 455	37 450	38 744	161 006
1995	30 273	41 983	33 236	45 366	150 858
1996	28 605	41 681	34 624	45 241	150 151
1997	35 321	42 865	35 308	47 925	161 419
Ave. share (%)	23.53	27.35	22.80	26.32	100
Growth rate	-9.06	0.34	-0.87	13.76	0.91
Prawns
1993	27 315	18 260	22 602	17 919	86 096
1994	21 759	26 574	13 294	28 799	90 426
1995	24 178	14 253	21 768	28 651	88 850
1996	17 792	14 749	18 010	25 669	76 220
1997	11 764	10 240	7 441	10 657	40 102
Ave. share (%)	26.93	22.03	21.78	29.26	100
Growth rate	-18.86	-17.46	-19.19	-11.54	-16.99
Tilapia
1993	21 817	31 933	14 407	28 182	96 339
1994	27 477	31 671	16 223	14 970	90 341
1995	20 476	27 682	14 815	18 981	81 954
1996	18 601	27 710	12 813	20 291	79 415
1997	18 165	30 100	14 101	29 465	91 831
Ave. share (%)	24.22	33.89	16.45	25.44	100
Growth rate	-7.57	-2.52	-2.79	3.93	-2.25
Carp
1993	11	54	8	7	80
1994	1 860	2 374	14	1	4 249
1995	520	1 505	92	725	2 842
1996	362	1 204	49	389	2 004
1997	205	1 086	80	494	1 865
Ave. share (%)	26.79	56.37	2.20	14.64	100
Growth rate	42.13	53.24	58.58	144.77	55.68

Species	Index (%)
Species	1st	2nd	3rd	4th
Milkfish	0.892	1.108	0.904	1.119
Prawns	0.996	0.865	0.842	1.379
Tilapia	1.049	1.409	0.730	0.927
Carp	1.819	3.720	0.136	1.091

Item	1979-88			1989-97			1979-97
Item	Qty (t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)	Qty (t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)	Qty (t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)
Total fish supply	2 040 821		3.93	2 873 343		2.11	2 435 174		3.53
Commercial production	529 232	25.93	2.04	804 780	28.01	3.97	659 755	27.09	3.99
Municipal production	1 017 848	49.87	2.33	1 031 103	35.89	-2.98	1 024 127	42.06	0.13
Marine	750 882	36.79	3.09	824 118	28.68	-2.61	785 573	32.26	0.92
Inland	266 967	13.08	0.14	206 984	7.20	-4.56	238 554	9.80	-2.43
Aquaculture production	431 133	21.13	9.23	805 553	28.04	5.92	608 490	24.99	7.08
Imports for food use	11 675	2.38	-113.85	59 804	4.61	71.53	34 473	3.62	23.77
Imports for non-food use	48 550	2.38	17.59	132 369	4.61	-4.49	88 254	3.62	12.79
Imports for re-export	2 384	0.12	88.15	39 735	1.38	18.82	20 076	0.82	66.50

Items	1979-88			1989-97			1979-97
Items	Qty(t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)	Qty(t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)	Qty (t)	Share (%)	Growth rate (%)
Total production	529 232		2.04	804 780		3.97	659 755		3.99
Exported production	51 675	9.76	9.33	103 312	12.84	5.35	76 135	11.54	7.55
Yellowfin and big-eye tuna	17 976	3.40	3.83	30 054	3.73	1.25	23 697	3.59	4.53
Skipjack tuna	32 403	6.12	11.99	70 399	8.75	7.57	50 401	7.64	9.09
Squid and cuttlefish	1 296	0.24	22.60	2 859	0.36	-1.55	2 036	0.31	11.31
Residual production for consumption	477 557	90.24	1.36	701 468	87.16	3.86	583 620	88.46	3.61
Roundscad	129 441	24.46	2.72	223 099	27.72	-0.48	173 805	26.34	4.67
Sardines	42 078	7.95	-2.24	145 525	18.08	15.08	91 079	13.80	10.65
Frigate Tuna	48 355	9.14	3.71	55 543	6.90	-1.82	51 760	7.85	1.49
Eastern little tuna	15 986	3.02	11.63	17 865	2.22	2.14	16 876	2.56	2.91
Slipmouth	31 241	5.90	-8.08	30 548	3.80	7.23	30 913	4.69	-0.52
Anchovies	31 218	5.90	9.42	30 161	3.75	0.63	30 717	4.66	1.37
Indian mackerel	18 679	3.53	7.78	29 211	3.63	-6.61	23 668	3.59	4.00
Big eye scad	14 289	2.70	-0.20	18 904	2.35	3.76	16 475	2.50	2.64
Indo-pacific mackerel	11 348	2.14	4.03	12 562	1.56	7.15	11 923	1.81	1.89
Others	134 922	25.49	-1.21	138 050	17.15	5.69	136 404	20.67	0.52

Sector/Species		1979-88		1989-97		1979-97		89-97/79-88 Change (%)
Sector/Species		Quantity (kg)	Share (%)	Quantity (kg)	Share (%)	Quantity (kg)	Share (%)	89-97/79-88 Change (%)
Aquaculture		4.95	16.59	5.74	19.44	5.32	17.96	15.91
	Bangus	3.81	12.75	3.33	11.27	3.58	12.07	-12.54
	Tilapia	0.66	2.21	1.61	5.46	1.11	3.74	144.51
	Carps and others	0.49	1.63	0.80	2.71	0.64	2.14	64.25
Commercial		9.05	30.31	10.48	35.49	9.81	33.09	15.85
	Roundscad	2.45	8.21	3.33	11.29	2.92	9.85	35.94
	Sardines	0.80	2.67	2.17	7.36	1.53	5.16	172.77
	Frigate Tuna	0.92	3.07	0.83	2.81	0.87	2.93	-9.41
	Eastern little tuna	0.30	1.01	0.27	0.90	0.28	0.96	-11.86
	Slipmouth	0.59	1.98	0.46	1.55	0.52	1.75	-22.88
	Anchovies	0.59	1.98	0.45	1.53	0.52	1.74	-23.80
	Indian mackerel	0.35	1.19	0.44	1.48	0.40	1.34	23.34
	Big eye scad	0.27	0.91	0.28	0.96	0.28	0.93	4.34
	Indo-pacific mackerel	0.21	0.72	0.19	0.64	0.20	0.68	-12.69
	Others	2.56	8.56	2.06	6.98	2.29	7.73	-19.30
Municipal		15.63	52.36	12.46	42.19	13.94	47.01	-20.28
	Roundscad	0.54	1.80	0.40	1.36	0.47	1.57	-25.61
	Sardines	1.32	4.43	1.07	3.63	1.19	4.01	-19.02
	Frigate tuna	0.72	2.41	0.64	2.17	0.68	2.28	-11.07
	Squid	0.29	0.96	0.48	1.64	0.39	1.32	69.29
	Slipmouth	0.59	1.99	0.47	1.61	0.53	1.79	-20.14
	Anchovies	1.18	3.96	0.85	2.89	1.01	3.40	-27.83
	Indian mackerel	0.32	1.09	0.41	1.37	0.37	1.24	24.72
	Big eye scad	0.40	1.34	0.35	1.17	0.37	1.25	-13.85
	Blue crabs	0.25	0.85	0.36	1.21	0.31	1.04	40.51
	Threadfin bream	0.51	1.72	0.40	1.37	0.46	1.54	-21.24
	Others	9.49	31.80	7.02	23.79	8.18	27.58	-26.00
Imports		0.22	0.74	0.85	2.89	0.58	1.95	286.13
	Sardines	0.15	0.51	0.23	0.78	0.20	0.67	53.06
	Mackerel	0.07	0.23	0.62	2.11	0.38	1.29	789.64
Total		29.85		29.53		29.65		-1.05

Fish species	Per caput consumption (kg)			% Change
Fish species	1979-88	1989-97	1979-97	89-97/79-88
Anchovies	1.77	1.30	1.52	-26.49
Bangus¹	3.81	3.33	3.58	-12.54
Big eye scad	0.67	0.63	0.65	-6.52
Blue crabs	0.25	0.36	0.31	40.51
Carps/other freshwater fish¹	0.49	0.80	0.64	64.25
Eastern little tuna	0.30	0.27	0.28	-11.86
Frigate Tuna	1.64	1.47	1.55	-10.14
Mackerel	0.96	1.65	1.35	71.42
Roundscad	2.99	3.73	3.39	24.85
Threadfin bream	0.51	0.40	0.46	-21.24
Tilapia¹	0.66	1.61	1.11	144.51
Sardines	2.27	3.48	2.92	53.09
Squid	0.29	0.48	0.39	69.29
Slipmouth	1.19	0.93	1.05	-21.51
Others	12.05	9.09	10.47	-24.58
Per caput fish consumption	29.85	29.53	29.65	-1.05

Items	Rural Producer	Rural Non-Producer	Urban	All
Items	n=7	n=20	n=9	n=36
Average household size	6.00	7.38	6.11	6.79
Household consumption/annum	435.43	293.20	206.89	299.28
Capture fisheries
Bisugo	9.43	24.00	13.33	18.50
Bonito	0	1.20	9.33	3.00
Other marine fish	93.43	85.20	119.11	95.28
Aquaculture
Bangus	13.71	52.20	19.56	36.56
Tilapia	237.14	117.40	35.56	120.22
Hito/Catfish/Kanduli	0.00	6.60	0.67	3.83
Other freshwater fish	81.71	6.60	9.33	21.89
Per caput consumption/annum	72.57	39.73	33.86	44.64
Capture fisheries
Bisugo	1.57	3.25	2.18	2.72
Bonito		0.16	1.53	0.44
Other marine fish	15.57	11.54	19.49	14.03
Aquaculture
Bangus	2.29	7.07	3.20	5.38
Tilapia	39.52	15.91	5.82	17.70
Hito/Catfish/Kanduli		0.89	0.11	0.56
Other freshwater fish	13.62	0.89	1.53	3.22

Year	Total protein consumption (protein g/cap/day)	Fish and seafood protein consumption (protein g/cap/day)	% of fish and seafood to total protein consumption
1975	47.8	12.7	27
1976	47.8	11.5	24
1977	48.8	12.2	25
1978	48.2	11.4	24
1979	49.5	11.1	22
1980	51.6	11.2	22
1981	52.0	11.9	23
1982	53.2	12.2	23
1983	51.4	13.0	25
1984	50.7	12.4	24
1985	49.5	11.8	24
1986	50.9	12.0	24
1987	51.1	12.2	24
1988	53.1	12.4	23
1989	55.4	13.0	23
1990	56.6	13.3	23
1991	56.6	13.7	24
1992	55.7	13.1	24
1993	56.6	12.7	22
1994	56.8	12.4	22
1995	56.8	12.4	22
1996	55.3	12.1	22
Average	52.5	12.3	23.5
Growth rate (%)	0.85	0.44	-0.41

Species	Buying price	Selling price	Price margin
Tilapia*	38.95	47.60	8.65
Bangus*	58.37	67.15	8.78
Catfish*	35.73	41.17	5.44
Bisugo	53.34	68.34	15.00
Crustaceans	82.35	101.98	19.63
Other marine fish	43.98	54.28	10.30
Other freshwater fish*	38.81	46.00	7.19

Item	Quantity (kg)	Value (peso)
Gross sales (fish sold)	2 339	113 345
Inventory (fish bought)	2 239	94 960
Marketing costs
Transportation		361
Permit		167
Licence		49
Rent of Shop		159
Electricity		55
Ice		519
Storage		55
Labour cost
Hired		877
Family		59
Other cost		365
Total cost		97 636
Net Profit		15 706
Margin/kg of fish		7.01

Year	Consumers' price index (1988=100)
Year	Philippines	NCR¹	Outside NCR¹
1988	100	100	100
1989	112	110	113
1990	128	127	128
1991	152	154	151
1992	166	172	163
1993	178	190	175
1994	194	210	190
1995	210	227	204
1996	228	246	222
1997	239	262	230
1998	261	286	250
Growth rate (%)	9.42	10.62	8.94
Purchasing power of the peso (1988=100)
1988	100	100	100
1989	89	91	88
1990	78	79	78
1991	66	65	66
1992	60	58	61
1993	56	53	57
1994	51	48	53
1995	48	44	49
1996	44	41	45
1997	42	38	43
1998	38	35	40
Growth rate (%)	-9.42	-10.62	-8.94

Species/Year	Quarter				Average price
Species/Year	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	Average price
Milkfish
1993	43.57	43.08	43.68	43.39	43.43
1994	63.79	29.69	64.69	48.65	51.15
1995	53.56	53.70	55.02	52.86	53.71
1996	58.69	57.81	59.57	57.39	58.26
1997	60.78	57.77	50.69	53.41	55.59
Growth rate	5.83	12.53	2.15	5.81	6.58
Prawns
1993	177.67	169.04	192.10	186.30	181.42
1994	276.86	132.20	327.28	189.34	213.89
1995	230.54	200.47	211.51	219.73	217.57
1996	231.62	240.26	238.71	236.74	236.69
1997	281.79	296.81	288.54	274.81	285.02
Growth rate	7.44	17.23	4.98	10.01	9.91
Tilapia
1993	41.75	41.31	41.14	50.18	43.98
1994	42.32	39.97	43.18	45.54	42.18
1995	39.76	44.24	44.16	40.30	42.19
1996	42.90	49.12	45.53	47.57	46.69
1997	50.41	43.94	44.74	47.21	46.39
Growth rate	3.91	3.30	2.21	-0.79	2.16
Carp
1993	34.91	9.30	44.63	27.57	17.95
1994	20.12	17.15	23.64	101.00	18.49
1995	25.12	15.60	50.74	22.42	20.22
1996	11.47	20.54	47.10	30.83	21.55
1997	18.09	15.83	28.06	27.69	19.75
Growth rate	-18.76	12.45	-2.39	-11.79	-5.12

Species/Year	Quarter				Average margin
Species/Year	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	Average margin
Milkfish
1993	3.28	5.86	1.12	5.89	4.04
1994	-8.43	27.88	-8.90	7.01	4.39
1995	10.27	7.84	-0.15	-0.35	4.40
1996	3.03	4.54	0.60	2.79	2.74
1997	4.75	6.95	5.04	0.79	4.38
Average	2.58	10.61	-0.46	3.23	3.99
Prawns
1993	14.20	3.81	-41.90	-44.77	-17.16
1994	-118.71	11.24	-54.09	12.24	-49.14
1995	-16.77	-2.15	-26.28	-20.09	-16.32
1996	-19.38	-40.02	-34.71	-28.58	-30.67
1997	-47.69	-79.55	-65.19	-23.84	-54.07
Average	-37.67	-21.33	-44.44	-21.01	-33.47
Tilapia
1993	-6.52	-2.67	-4.94	-11.18	-6.33
1994	-1.14	2.06	0.52	-4.18	-0.69
1995	3.40	-2.53	-1.57	1.96	0.32
1996	0.90	-5.75	-3.78	-7.20	-3.96
1997	-8.76	-1.01	-6.15	-4.26	-5.05
Average	-2.42	-1.98	-3.18	-4.97	-3.14

Country/Region	Tilapia	Milkfish	Tuna	Roundscad	Prawn
Philippines	0.50	0.60	0.21	0.21	0.63
Cordillera Autonomous Region	0.20	0.30	0.10	0.15	0.60
Ilocos	0.65	0.80	0.10	0.15	0.80
Cagayan Valley	0.65	0.40	0.15	0.15	0.60
Central Luzon	0.65	0.80	0.15	0.20	0.90
Southern Tagalog	0.65	0.80	0.22	0.35	0.90
Bicol	0.30	0.65	0.22	0.25	0.60
Western Visayas	0.50	0.80	0.25	0.25	0.90
Central Visayas	0.30	0.50	0.20	0.20	0.50
Eastern Visayas	0.30	0.45	0.20	0.25	0.50
Western Mindanao	0.40	0.70	0.30	0.25	0.45
Northern Mindanao	0.50	0.35	0.22	0.20	0.45
Southern Mindanao	0.40	0.45	0.30	0.20	0.45
Central Mindanao	0.40	0.40	0.30	0.20	0.50

Commodity	Milkfish	Tilapia	Roundscad
Commodity	(Double log model)	(Semi-log model)
Roundscad	0.46	2.24
Tilapia	-0.17		1.98
Milkfish		0.37	0.90
Pork	2.72	0.32	0.35
Beef	1.33	1.13	0.28
Poultry	0.16	1.07	0.33

Commodity	Urban				Rural
Commodity	I	II	III	IV	I	II	III	IV
Rice	0.05	0.10	-0.01	-0.09	0.27	0.11	0.09	0.03
Corn	-0.27	-0.42	-0.26	0.06	-0.64	-0.27	-0.39	-0.32
Wheat	0.89	0.71	0.42	0.19	1.20	0.63	0.47	0.28
Vegetables	0.52	0.47	0.29	0.25	0.06	0.31	0.20	0.20
Pork	1.17	0.97	0.64	0.35	1.62	1.17	0.88	0.53
Beef	1.34	1.07	0.74	0.44	1.74	1.29	0.97	0.62
Poultry	1.36	1.07	0.75	0.45	1.71	1.28	1.06	0.62
Eggs	1.30	1.05	0.72	0.41	1.68	1.33	1.01	0.54
Fish	1.20	0.99	0.71	0.43	1.61	1.27	0.98	0.57