Council
Conseil
Consejo

AFGHANISTAN

CONTRIBUTION PROVIDED IN WRITING

Parameters of a Draft Resolution of the WFS:fyl

1. For the consideration of the Bureau, I wish to submit the following parameters for the proposed Draft resolution. I purposely call it parameters and not elements. This is because the elements are more precise than the broad parameters. Moreover, the elements constitute the ingredients of the Draft resolution which ought to be decided through negotiations. As stated by the Chairman and raised by several delegates the Bureau has not been given the authority of negotiation.

2. The broad parameters of the Resolution could be as follows:

1. A resolution that is well focused with a maximum of two pages, if possible;
2. A Resolution that does not antagonize the OECD Group or the G77 but which invites them for a common cause. This point is absolutely essential. The chances of any success demands that the Resolution is a product with additive value for both the G77 and the OECD Group and not a zero sum;
3. A Resolution that heightens the inherent twinning between food security and poverty reduction in general, and of rural poverty in particular;
4. A Resolution that calls for renewed policy initiatives at the national level closely linked to the implementation process of the 1996 Plan of Action and with greater emphasis on peoples participation and the empowerment of the underprivileged;
5. A Resolution that gives specific attention to the plight of the LDCs and LIFDCs in improving their food security;
6. A Resolution that focuses on future policy directions/initiatives concerning national and international resource mobilization for the improvement of food security in the developing countries;
7. A Resolution that proposes guidelines and not give guidance, to regional and international financing institutions and the private sector in energizing their lending programmes in support of eradicating hunger and rural poverty in the developing countries;
8. A Resolution that provides additional extra-budgetary resources to FAO to enhance its field activities in the area of food security, particularly capacity building in the LDCs and LIFDCs and further promoting the South-South Programme;
9. A Resolution that links up with other important international declarations and with the most relevant activities of other UN agencies in the area of food security;
10. A Resolution that is attuned to cooperative action involving many stakeholders.

AFRICA GROUP

CONTRIBUTION PROVIDED IN WRITING

Elements for Consideration in the Draft Resolution for Heads of State at the WFS:fyl

1. Noting that the fight against poverty begins with the fight against hunger, we call upon the developing countries to increase their budget allocation to agricultural and rural development.
2. Aware of the debt burden on developing countries and the increased demand of resources for food security (agriculture and rural development), call upon the developed countries to implement the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative and linking this with investments aimed at aspects of food security.
3. Calling upon developed countries to raise ODA allocations towards the 0.7% of (GDP as agreed.
4. Calling upon developed countries to open their markets in the prospects in expanding markets for developing countries.
5. Call upon International Financial Institutions to invest heavily in agricultural and rural development of developing countries.
6. Aware of the consequences of war and civil strife on agricultural production in the developing countries we call upon the international communities to assist resolve the conflicts.
7. Noting with concern the incidence of HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis in developing countries, encourage the developed countries to support the Abuja HIV/AIDS initiative.
8. Stress the importance of technology transfer, information sharing and capacity building as crucial to achieving the WFS PoA goals.

3. Other suggestions from the Group are that the resolution should start by addressing mainly the constraints of not achieving the goals of the SUMMIT e.g.

• Lack of governance
• Natural disasters e.g. drought, floods, cyclone etc.
• Civil Strife
• Conflict
• Low budgets to agriculture
• Insufficient international assistance to agriculture

4. We the Heads of States and Governments re-affirm our commitment to meet the goal set out in the 1996 Rome Declaration of reducing the undernourished by half

Addendum:
That a Trust Fund be established from which various agricultural and development projects geared towards the achievement of food security could be funded.

AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST

CONTRIBUTION PROVIDED IN WRITING

Observations de la Sous-Région Afrique de l'Ouest sur le projet de Déclaration

I: Sur la forme:

• Le texte de la future déclaration doit revêtir la même forme que celui de 1996.
• Tel que proposé le texte paraît trop long.
• Le paragraphe TX serait mieux localisé après le para. XV.
• Le para. 9 du dispositif pourrait être transféré après le para. 15.

II: Sur le fond:

• Nécessité d'établir un lien évident entre les échecs du Plan d'Action du SMA de 1996 et la déclaration du SMA:caa.
• Des engagements ont été pris lors du SMA. Cependant, leur application s'est avéré un échec. II faut par conséquent répondre à la question de savoir comment engager davantage les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement pour qu'ils soient résolus à redresser la barre.
• Au cours des négociations le Groupe Africain se doit d'insister afin d'obtenir au moins les trois points ci-après:
• La réaffirmation du droit à l'alimentation comme droit fondamental de l'homme. Le dispositif de la déclaration doit commencer par cette réaffirmation tout en soulignant qu'on ne peut pas vouloir attaquer la pauvreté rurale sans commencer par combattre la faim. La priorité doit être accordée au combat contre la faim dans le cadre de la lutte contre la pauvreté.
• Obtenir l'engagement de tous les acteurs (pays développés, pays en voie de développement, institutions financières internationales) à augmenter le niveau des ressources investies dans 1'agriculture.
• L'établissement du fonds fiduciaire afin de permettre à la FAO de mener à bien les taches qui lui incombent.

ALGÉRIE

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT, PROVIDED IN WRITING

5. S'agissant du projet de résolution destiné au SMA:caa, il est à notre avis [nécessaire]

• de souligner que l'accélération et l'amplification des mécanismes actuels d'élimination du fardeau excessif de la dette extérieure des pays les plus pauvres et leur extension aux pays à revenus dits intermédiaires fortement endettés
• de traiter des actions concrètes entre les Etats, l'industrie pharmaceutique internationale, le secteur associatif et les firmes multinationales, pour rendre les médicaments accessibles aux populations africaines notamment à faible revenu et affectées par les pandémies telles que le SIDA; aussi
• favoriser un accès des produits du Sud aux marchés des pays du Nord, et de faciliter le transfert de technologies et de réexaminer les nouvelles initiatives protectionnistes;
• la promotion de la recherche agronomique afin d'accroître la productivité.

BULGARIA

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT,PROVIDED IN WRITING

6. In addition to the reconfirmation of the commitments already assumed, in the debate and the final document of the Summit we will be looking forward to the following essential elements that could represent the concerted high-level political impetus to timely achieve the goals of the World Food Summit Plan of Action:

7. In the first place, the need to reach a concerted understanding and agreement that the fight against poverty begins with eradicating hunger, the primary responsibility for which lies with national governments and policies. The role of the external factor, in all its variety, is only of complementary character, no matter how important that be. Therefore, there is the need to rethink at the national and international level the whole concept of the economic and social function of the State under the conditions of the global problems of today. We hope that the two panel discussions to be held in the process of preparing the Summit would contribute to that end. The Summit itself could encourage the implementation of type-specific programs for eradicating hunger by mobilizing national, bilateral and/or multilateral resources depending on the specific cases that demand differentiated approaches. It could stress the need to focus these programs on fighting hunger in the rural areas through special measures for agriculture and rural development.

8. We will be looking forward to see as a second focal point of the Summit and the Final Declaration the need to elaborate and implement policies at the national level that would more effectively and timely create political, economic and legal environment conducive to enhancing resources for sustainable agriculture and rural development in the context of broader economic growth policies. Here the Summit and the Final Declaration could also confirm the catalytic role of the bilateral and multilateral assistance for development and the need to continue the concerted efforts to make it more efficient and thus revert the negative tendencies of the recent past that are a valid cause for concern.

9. In the third place we would be looking forward to see the renewal of the common and sincere commitment to raise the standing and more effectively use the unique instrument that we all have in behalf of FAO and to support the consolidation of its activities. Taken the pivotal and, in the present context, crucial role of the new technologies, at the Summit we would also be looking forward to an appreciation of the initiative of G-8 countries to consider at the Summit in Genoa next July the launching of two new facilities, namely: a Global Research and Development Fund and a New Trust Fund for Health, that comprise, as they are presented at this moment, components directly linked to agriculture and rural development.

BULGARIA
CZECH REPUBLIC
FYR of MACEDONIA
ROMANIA
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
SLOVAKIA

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Elements for inclusion into the Final Declaration of the WFS:fyl Conference

To be included into the preamble:

"Recognizing the difficulties faced by the countries with economies in transition conducting market-oriented reforms and the necessity to enhance their capacity to address their food security needs, and to utilize effectively the benefits and mitigate the negative implications of globalization,"

To be included into the operational part:

"Calls upon the international community to continue assistance to the countries with economies in transition with a view of sustaining positive trends in their economic and social development, also in regard to attaining the objectives set by the World Food Summit".

EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND ITS MEMBER STATES

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WFS:fyl:Elements of a Resolution

10. This is a contribution by the European Union for the elements of the draft resolution to be assembled by the CFS Bureau. Further contributions will be made depending on developments. The italic text in brackets is not text proposals but a non-exhaustive list of points of clarification.

11. The view of the European Union has been extensively expressed in its interventions at the 27^th Session of the CFS, 28 May -1 June 2001, and in a first discussion paper (annexed) of 30 January 2001.

12. The European Union believes that the Resolution to be adopted at the FAO Conference in November 2001 must be a renewed support to the commitment and the goals of the World Food Summit, and its Plan of Action. The European Union attaches great importance to the UN Conferences, that have taken place since the WFS 1996, especially the Millennium Summit of the UN.

13. The European Union believes that the resolution must be clear, short, focussed and balanced.

14. The European Union considers that to achieve greater progress in reducing hunger, special emphasis is needed in the following priority areas:

1. Strengthen good governance in developing countries and prevent/mitigate situations of chronic political instability (e.g. conflict - actual or threatened - in much of sub-Saharan Africa).
2. Make more effective use of resources for poverty reduction and combatting hunger though, among others, a more appropriate level of investment in rural areas and in particular in agriculture and in rural development (relates both to donors and national governments). Press forward with debt relief and improve analysis of poverty vulnerability and food insecurity (e.g. strengthen national vulnerability information systems).
3. Foster pro-poor markets at national level and strengthen efforts to ensure a fair international trade environment.
4. Strengthen partnerships between actors at all levels (actors are public, private, national, local and international; examples of partnerships are country-owned strategies for poverty reduction and collaborations to develop technology and agricultural services).
5. Strengthen direct action to mitigate hunger in the short term (move beyond a narrow focus on food aid. re-think approaches to people living with HIV/AIDS).
6. Encourage provision of global public goods in support of poverty elimination (e.g. capacity building for international trade negotiations; code of conduct on responsible fisheries).

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15. Excerpt from a First Discussion paper from the Presidency of the European Union on behalf of the European Community and its Member States on:

"Progress in the implementation of the World Food Summit Plan of Action Five years after the Summit" (30 January 2001)

... a short and clear resolution, focussing on:

1. reaffirming once more the agreement from 1996;
   
   
2. putting it into the context of the international developments since then, not least the Millennium Summit, while stressing the need for FAO to support an integrated follow-up of the UN major Conferences and the international sustainable development goals and the fight against poverty;
   
   
3. underlining the strong commitment and the importance of vigorously implementing the Plan of Action;
   
   
4. recall that the Rome declaration underlines the national responsibility for success, as set out in the World Food Summit Plan of Action;
   
   
5. reaffirming the right of everyone to have access to safe and nutritious food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger;
   
   
6. pledging to intensify the efforts towards fulfilling all the seven commitments of the World Food Summit, an important part of which will be learning from each other and sharing experiences; and
   
   
7. highlighting the positive impact of conflict resolution, of good governance, of respect for human rights, of rule of law, as conditions for food security.

GABON

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT, PROVIDED IN WRITING

16. Nous souhaitons également mentionner que les effets du SIDA et d'autres maladies endémiques soient prises en considération et que la mobilisation des ressources au niveau de l'aide internationale comporte une mobilisation des industries pharmaceutiques en faveur des pays touchés par ces maladies dévastatrices.

17. Un projet de résolution ne devrait pas faire l'économie d'une référence à l'aide internationale dans ce secteur.

18. Enfin, nous appuyons l'idée de la mise en place d'un fond fiduciaire destiné à renforcer la sécurité alimentaire.

GRULAC

EXCERPTS FROM STATEMENTS, PROVIDED IN WRITING

Declaración de Venezuela en nombre del Grupo de América Latina y el Caribe

19. Toda vez que el hambre crónica es, en igual medida causa y efecto de la pobreza, el GRULAC está convencido que cualquier resolución que adopten nuestros jefes de estado y de gobierno debe partir del compromiso que la lucha contra la pobreza empieza con la lucha contra el hambre.

20. Luego de evaluar el documento CFS: 2001/inf.6, el GRULAC desea hacer algunos comentarios específicos sobre temas que deben considerarse en la Cumbre más cinco y que constituyen las propuestas preliminares que presenta el GRULAC para que sean incorporados como elementos adicionales del proyecto de resolución:

1. Los ejes que propone la FAO como punto de partida para diseñar programas nacionales mejorados sobre seguridad alimentaria, establecer responsabilidades institucionales y forjar asociaciones, son útiles en la medida que se apliquen con flexibilidad, de acuerdo con cada realidad. La FAO puede cumplir un papel orientador en esta materia.
   
   
2. Concomitantemente, para un resultado exitoso, se requiere que lo mismo ocurra a nivel mundial. En vista de que la erradicación del hambre constituye en si mismo un objetivo de desarrollo internacional, consideramos que debe ser incluido expresamente en las estrategias y los mecanismos de reducción de la pobreza de los organismos de cooperación internacional y de las instituciones financieras internacionales.
   
   
3. La asistencia alimentaria para el desarrollo cumple un papel fundamental en las estrategias nacionales de lucha contra el hambre en nuestra región y, por ende, consideramos que se deben realizar mayores esfuerzos para incrementarla, evitando, sin embargo, que la misma sea utilizada como justificativo para ubicar los excedentes existentes en los países que subsidian.
   
   
4. Apoyamos la elaboración del código internacional de conducta sobre el derecho a la alimentación, siempre y cuando se refiera al acceso a los alimentos, en la medida que así se alentaran los esfuerzos nacionales e internacionales para generar un mayor y mejor acceso a alimentos suficientes, adecuados e inocuos. Igualmente es importante porque generará mecanismos que promoverán el goce efectivo del derecho a la alimentación.
   
   
5. Debemos examinar la idoneidad de los mecanismos vigentes para la cooperación internacional, haciendo énfasis prioritariamente en la capacidad que estos tienen para prevenir y predecir las crisis, así como para promover mecanismos de reacción rápida.
   
   
6. Se requiere diseñar una estrategia más efectiva de comunicaciones para sensibilizar a la opinión pública internacional sobre el flagelo del hambre. La FAO debe cumplir una función primordial en esta materia.

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21. El GRULAC considera esencial que los siguientes elementos sean tomados en cuenta en la elaboración del proyecto de resolución pues ellos representan la voluntad de movilizar recursos financieros, acordes con los objetivos del Plan de Acción de la Cumbre Mundial sobre la Alimentación:

1. Adoptar el firme compromiso de revertir la tendencia radical a la baja de los recursos financieros dirigidos a la agricultura, tanto a nivel multilateral como bilateral, durante los últimos años, afectando adversamente el desarrollo rural sostenible. Como ciertamente esta tendencia también se ha podido constatar a nivel de algunos de nuestros países, es necesario también adoptar las correspondientes medidas internas para dar preferencia al desarrollo del agro.
2. Se debe crear, con base a contribuciones voluntarias, un fondo fiduciario en la FAO, que contribuya, entre otras cosas, a la formulación de proyectos con los cuales los países en desarrollo puedan acceder mas fácilmente a los recursos financieros multilaterales y bilaterales.

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22. La liberalización del comercio es un aspecto prioritario para el logro de la equidad. El libre acceso a los mercados, la eliminación de los subsidios y de las medidas discriminatorios, arancelarias y pararancelarias, son indispensables para evitar la distorsión de los precios internacionales que afectan directamente las decisiones relativas a las inversiones, los metodos de producción, el comercio y el consumo.

23. En ese sentido, para America Latina y el Caribe es necesario que se respeten prácticas justas de comercio, sobre todo del agrícola, que nos permitan competir en igualdad de condiciones y, de esa manera, favorecer también la obtención de mayores recursos para enfrentar la inseguridad alimentaria y, en general, el desarrollo de los países.

24. Al mismo tiempo, es conveniente una efectiva aplicación del trato especial y diferenciado a los países en desarrollo, importadores netos de alimentos, en el marco de los acuerdos establecidos por la Organización Mundial del Comercio.

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25. Nos preocupa que en la aplicación del listado PBIDA se venga excluyendo a países recipiendarios de recursos de la asistencia adecuada a sus realidades internas. Estas exclusiones se deben a que el citado listado determina el criterio de asistencia de los donantes a nivel bilateral y multilateral. el GRULAC solicita a la FAO que en consulta con los Estados Miembros, rectifique los criterios de clasificación de este tipo de listas e incorpore el criterio de seguridad alimentaria en el interior de cada país para formularlas. Estamos convencidos de que los índices actuales proyectan una visión parcial y superficial de los países, al no incluirse ni el análisis, el estado de seguridad alimentaria de la población, ni la situación de las personas que se encuentran por debajo del nivel de pobreza.

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26. Los alimentos no deben utilizarse como instrumento de presión política y económica y por ello rechazamos que se sigan utilizando con ese propósito. Reafirmamos la importancia de la cooperación y la solidaridad internacionales, así como, la necesidad de abstenerse de aplicar medidas unilaterales que no estén en consonancia con el derecho internacional y con la Carta de las Naciones Unidas y pongan en peligro la seguridad alimentaria.

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27. América Latina y el Caribe se encuentra muy preocupada por el impacto de los conflictos y del problema mundial de las drogas en la seguridad alimentaria mundial y en el desarrollo del sector rural y ambiental.

28. El proceso de sustitución de cultivos requiere con urgencia de sostenibilidad económica y social, así como de la instrumentación de un esquema para canalizar recursos a proyectos integrales que otorguen valor agregado a las cadenas productivas, de tal forma que los campesinos de las naciones afectadas puedan obtener ingresos justos por el cultivo de productos legales. La responsabilidad compartida y el enfoque integral y equilibrado sobre este problema debe reflejarse a través de una mayor cooperación hacia los programas de desarrollo alternativo, así como mediante un acceso facilitado de los productos sustitutivos a los mercados internacionales. En este contexto, es importante establecer acuerdos para el fomento y la protección de la inversión de capitales.

29. De otro lado, es necesario prestar una mayor atencion a las zonas mas desfavorecidas, en particular a las afectadas o amenazadas por la desertificación o por particulares condiciones de deterioro ecológico. La protección del medio ambiente y el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales es también un desafío que implica responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas, así como asistencia a los países en desarrollo.

G-77

CONTRIBUTION PROVIDED IN WRITING

Decide to:

1. Reaffirm the global commitment made at the World Food Summit of 1996 to halve the number of undernourished by 2015 through the implementation of the WFS Plan of Action;
   
   
2. Give Priority to the fight against hunger as the principal means to eradicate poverty
   
   
3. Urge the concerned governments to take the necessary action to ensure that their ODA reaches the level of 0.7 per cent of GNP, agreed as part of the International Development Strategy adopted in 1970, from the current level of 0.24 per cent, for the international financing institutions to reverse the declining trend in their lending to agriculture and rural development which fell by 37 per cent between the years 1990 and 1999, and for the developing countries to increase their budgetary allocation to agriculture and rural development from the current low level of 3.9 per cent for sub-Saharan Africa, 1.1 per cent for Near East and North Africa, 5.3 per cent for Asia and 1.9 per cent for Latin America and the Caribbean;
   
   
4. Call upon the international community to ensure an increase in investment in agriculture and rural development in developing countries to reach the annual gross level of some US$180 billion which, according to updated FAO studies, is required to meet the WFS target in 2015;
   
   
5. Establish a Trust Fund in FAO to be financed by voluntary contributions, initially for an amount of US$500 million, to serve as a catalyst for accelerating food production and improving food access in developing countries.
   
   
6. Reaffirm the need to abstain from adoption of unilateral measures that are against international law and the UN charter and put food security at risk.

NORTH AMERICA GROUP

CONTRIBUTION PROVIDED IN WRITING

North American Region Submission for Elements for a Draft Resolution AMENDED

Political Will

1. Recommitment to the Rome Declaration and Program of Action, no renegotiation of any elements of the declaration.
   
   
2. Recognition that some valuable progress in enhancing food security globally has been achieved although much remains to be done, and that factors including economic growth, market liberalization, policy reforms, and poverty reduction efforts contribute to food security enhancement along with explicit food security programs.
   
   
3. Need for recommitment to multi-stakeholder partnership in helping governments implement their poverty reduction and food security strategies.

Resources

4. Recognition of the need for an integrated and collaborative approach, incorporating the respective efforts of the various stakeholders in the international community while avoiding duplication of effort.
   
   
5. Recognition of the need for demand-driven approach based on country-owned strategies including an environment for the eradication of hunger and poverty.
   
   
6. Need for "enabling environment" for domestic investment (public and private) and foreign direct investment.
   
   
7. Recognize the new opportunities that present themselves for funding for agriculture and hunger reduction, such as through debt relief, PRSPs and the UNDAF programming.

Challenges

8. Take into consideration the new challenges, such as the critical relationship of fly-AIDS on all aspects of food security;
   
   
9. Recognition of the continuing critical role of women in all aspects of food security and the need to increase efforts to provide equal access to land as well as resources, including inputs, credit, financing and markets; education and training.
   
   
10. Recognition of the critical role of public and private investments in the agricultural sector and support for the full spectrum of agricultural and food security research, including knowledge generation, dissemination and transfer to enhance agricultural productivity and natural resource management.

Monitoring Progress

11. Recognition that monitoring progress needs to take into account activities by other multilateral and bilateral actors, particularly those aimed at poverty reduction;
    
    
12. Recognition of need to refine data gathering and improve accountability in reporting.

The Resolution should be short and concise.

NORWAY

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT, PROVIDED IN WRITING

Elements from the Norwegian Delegation 30/5/01 on the WFS:fyl Resolution

30. Mr. Chairman, the Resolution should focus on the implementation of the commitments of the WFS Plan of Action. The Norwegian delegation refer to its earlier statements which contain our elements for the WFS:fyl resolution, in particular the following points:

• The right to adequate food as a human right, and the implementation of this right
• Setting the interest of the poor and hungry first
• Access to food for all, in particular for the poorest
• Equality through empowerment of people, both men and women, with specific attention to the role of women in achieving food security
• Fostering sustainable rural policies, including agriculture, forestry and fisheries
• Prevent and mitigate the effects of HIV/AIDS through food security policies, programs and activities.

PAKISTAN

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT, PROVIDED IN WRITING

31. From these two documents and other material before us, we can identify the elements that we consider as bare minimum to be reflected in the Resolution to be drafted: These are:

i. A strong reaffirmation of commitment to the Plan of Action and objectives of the WFS.

ii. A reaffirmation of commitments to other IDGs and the Millennium Summit Declaration.

iii. A call for including WFS targets as monitorable objectives in the International] Development Goals.

iv. A call for internalising and integrating the National plans of Action in the Poverty Reduction strategies being prepared.

v. A pledge to increase public sector investments in agriculture particularly in water for agriculture and rural development by national governments.

vi. A call to the developed countries to strive to attain an ODA level of O.7% of GNP.

vii. A call to reverse the declining trend in investment in agriculture and rural development from- bilateral and multilateral assistance.

viii. A call for increased market access for the agricultural produce of the developing countries.

ix. A call for cooperation and partnership among all stakeholders.

32. Mr Chairman, we have been consistently arguing for higher resources for SPFS. This argument stems from our firm belief that SPFS is useful in contributing to fight against hunger. In this sense we are open to and support the concept of a trust fund. However, given the fact that FAO was only able to mobilize over $ 200 million over five years towards SPFS, the question would arise as to how realistic would be the figure proposed for the size of the Fund.

USA

EXCERPT FROM STATEMENT, PROVIDED IN WRITING

33. Should reaffirm commitment to the goals of the World Food Summit and focus on implementation. It should identify new challenges and new opportunities. Important elements of the resolution for the United States include:

The primary responsibility for attaining food security rests with national governments, within the context of a shared responsibility for international support. This includes developing an enabling environment in all its governance, policy, and economic aspects and having policies that ensure peace and stability and that protect and promote human rights. Trade and economic growth are key elements in achieving food security. The importance of sustainable development of agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and rural sectors and using natural resources in an economically sound and sustainable manner. Consideration of the gender, population, and health factors in the food security equation. The essential role of the private sector.