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Lessons learned

 

lessons learnedThis section is meant to provide a forum to learn from each other’s experiences gained through the practical application of participatory processes within projects or programmes in different sectors.

Examples of successful application as well as information regarding difficulties and obstacles when applying participatory approaches are presented.

Emphasis shall be given to those conclusions, recommendations and lessons learned, which may help others avoid the repetition of mistakes and build on achievements and best practises.

The Lessons Learned texts, which are presented directly under this section, just give a brief introduction to the project/topic and include the respective lessons text as formulated by the authors. If available, online links to the full document describing these Lessons Learned are provided.



Do you want to share your own Lessons Learned at this site?

If you want to contribute to this section, you may present Lessons Learned:

  • during a certain project while applying a certain approach/method/tool
  • in a certain sector/on a certain topic

connected to the application of participatory methodologies.

There is no standard format you have to follow when publishing your Lessons Learned. Nevertheless, it would be helpful to have a text of not more than 4-6 pages to be published under this site or a link to a document already online.

lessons learned   lessons learned



Topic:

Promoting gender equity in Rural Producers' Organizations (RPOs)

 

Authors:

Mauro Bottaro, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

Capacity development

Community Listeners' Club (in French)

Quotas for women




Topic:

SEWA’s organizational model: Empowering small-scale women farmers

 

Authors:

Denis Herbel, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Reema Nanavaty , SEWA, Ahmedabad (India)

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

Self-Help Group (SHG)




Topic:

Promising Practices: How agricultural cooperatives work for working women in Africa

 

Authors:

ILO COOPAfrica

 




Topic:

Gender mainstreaming in value chain development: Experience of gender action learning system in Uganda.

 

Authors:

Linda Mayoux, global consultant for Oxfam Novib (The Netherlands)

Janet Biira, Karughe Farmers’ Partnership (KFP) (Uganda)

Paineto Baluku, Bukonzo Joint Cooperative Micro Finance (Uganda)

Thies Reemer, Oxfam Novib (The Netherlands)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

Gender Action Learning System (GALS) 

 




Topic:

Not without men. Creation of the women’s wing of the FFA-AP in India.

 

Authors:

Coby Meyboom, Passage, Amersfoort (The Netherlands)

Ira Stam, Passage, Amersfoort (The Netherlands)

Géke Appeldoorn, Agriterra, Arnhem (The Netherlands)

 




Topic:

Training on the FAO approach to gender analysis and disaster risk management in food security and Agricultural Programmes: a FAO experience in Vietnam.

 

Authors:

Patricia Colbert, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Jennifer Nyberg, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Lucia Palombi, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Ilaria Sisto, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

The SEAGA for Emergency and Rehabilitation Programmes  

PRA Tools (Participatory mapping, Venn diagram, etc.)




Topic:

Food security and agricultural livelihoods recovery in protracted crises: Lessons learned by FAO and partners.

 

Authors:

Jennifer Nyberg, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Neil Marsland, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Lucia Palombi, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Dick Trenchard, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

The SEAGA for Emergency and Rehabilitation Programmes 

PRA Tools (Participatory mapping, Venn diagram, etc.)

 




Topic:

Recognizing women’s critical roles in responding to conflict: FAO and the UN Security Council Resolution 1325.

 

Authors:

Ilaria Sisto, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Jennifer Nyberg, FAO, Rome (Italy)




Topic:

Community response in protracted crises.

 

Author:

Karel Callens, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

Farmer field schools

Community-based and livelihoods approaches

Local institutions development




Topic:

The Gender Marker. A Practical Tool for the Agriculture Cluster.

 

Author:

Linda Pennells, GenCap Adviser (Canada)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approach:

The IASC Gender Marker

 




Topic:

Good Practices for Community Resilience.

 

Author:

Pieter Van Den Ende, Practical Action-Bangladesh, Dhaka (Bangladesh)

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community Based Disaster Preparedness (CBDP)

Community Based Disaster Management (CBDM)

Livelihood-Centred Approaches to Disaster Management

 




Topic:

Charter of Rights for Women in Disasters – Pakistan.

 

Authors:

Anis Haroon, National Commission on the Status of Women (NCSW), Islamabad, Pakistan.

Sameena Nazir, Potohar Organization for Development Advocacy (PODA), Islamabad, Pakistan.

Alice H. Shackelford, United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women (UN Women), New York, USA.




Topic:

Mainstreaming Social Protection, Gender and Accountability in post floods situations.

 

Authors:

Anis Haroon, National Commission on the Status of Women (NCSW), Islamabad, Pakistan

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Reconstruction and rehabilitating women’s livelihoods




Topic:

Indigenous Knowledge and Disaster Risk Reduction.

 

Authors:

Anshu Sharma, SEEDS, New Delhi (India)

Rajib Shaw, Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

Yukiko Takeuchi, Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

Noralene Uy, Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Mainstreaming Indigenous Knowledge




Topic:

Community watchdog groups protecting land tenure rights of women and orphans in Kenya.

 

Authors:

GROOTS Kenya, Nairobi (Kenya).

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community watchdog groups

Participatory enumerations




Topic:

Improved Food Security and Enhanced Livelihoods through Institutional and Gender-sensitive Land Reform: lessons from Tajikistan.

 

Authors:

Tea Dabrundashvili,FAO, Rome (Italy).

Vladimir Evtimov,FAO, Rome (Italy).

Ilaria Sisto, FAO, Rome (Italy).

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory national land strategy development

Participatory progress monitoring

Awareness campaigns




Topic:

Grassroots women’s participation and the Global Land Tool Network

 

Authors:

Britta Uhlig, UN-HABITAT, Nairobi (Kenya)

Clarissa Ruggieri, FAO, Rome (Italy).

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Grassroots Mechanism

Gender Evaluation Criteria

 




Topic:

Promising Approaches to Address the Needs of Poor Female Farmers: a literacy review on resources and constraints in access to land.

 

Authors:

Agnes R. Quisumbing, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC (USA).

Lauren Pandolfelli, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY (USA).

 

 

 




Topic:

Preliminary guidelines for Improving Gender Equity in Territorial Issues (IGETI).

 

Authors:

Ilaria Sisto, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Paolo Groppo, FAO, Rome (Italy).

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory and Negotiated Territorial Development (PNTD)

Socioeconomic and Gender Analysis (SEAGA) Programme

Dialogue

Negotiation

Improving Gender Equity in Territorial Issues (IGETI).




Topic:

Building partnerships to promote local innovation processes.

 

Authors:

Ann Waters-Bayer, ETC Foundation (The Netherlands).

Chesha Wettasinha, ETC Foundation (The Netherlands)

Laurens van Veldhuizen, ETC Foundation (The Netherlands)

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory Innovation Development (PID)

 




Topic:

Participatory approaches in multifunctional (peri)-urban agriculture. A case study in Rome (Italy).

 

Authors:

Daniele Dell’Orco, International Development Studies (MSc), Wageningen University, Wageningen (The Netherlands).

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Group meetings

Starting a community social garden

Huertas Comunitarias




Topic:

Lessons Learned from a Review of Networks and Communities/TKNs.

 

Background document:

FAO - KCE, Report of the Review of the Pilot Phase of FAO Thematic Knowledge Networks, October 2009

 

 

Authors:

Gauri Salokhe, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Nadejda Loumbeva, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Stephen Rudgard, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Stephen Katz, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Communities of practice (CoP)




Topic:

Incorporating Community Knowledge, Preferences, and Values into Decision Making in Natural Resources Management: an evaluation of selected participatory tools.

 

Background document:

Lynam, T,: de Jong, W.; Sheil, D.; Kusumanto, T.; Evans, K., 2007, A Review of Tools for Incorporating Community Knowledge, Preferences, and Values into Decision Making in Natural Resources Management, Ecology and Society vol 12 No. 1.

 

 

Authors:

Timothy Lynam, University of Zimbabwe, Harare (Zimbabwe)

Wil de Jong, Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

Douglas Sheil, CIFOR, Bogor (Indonesia)

Trikurnianti Kusumanto, CIFOR, Bogor (Indonesia)

Kirsten Evans, CIFOR, Bogor (Indonesia)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory mapping

Participatory scenario planning technique

Venn diagram




Topic:

Training on World Café method at an International Organization (FAO).

 

Background document:

The Knowledge Sharing Toolkit: The World Café

 

 

Authors:

Gauri Salokhe, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Nadejda Loumbeva, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Sophie Treinen, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Marco Piazza, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Stefka Kaloyanova, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Julie MacKenzie, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Stephen Katz, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

The World Café




Topic:

The Time-Bound Programme for the Reduction of Child Labour in Ghana. Child Labour Committes and Community-Based Information and Monitoring Systems.

 

Based on:

FAO, Humboldt University, Child Labour and Children’s Economic Activities in Agriculture in Ghana, 2009 (forthcoming).

 

 

Authors:

FAO, Rome (Italy)

Humboldt University, Berlin (Germany)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community Child Labour Committees

Community-Based Information and Monitoring Systems

Community-level Child Protection Teams




Topic:

Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms

Based on:

ILO IPEC, Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms Paper No. 4. - Child labour monitoring. A partnership of communities and government, 2007.

 

Authors:

Sherin Khan, ILO IPEC, Geneva (Switzerland)

Una Murray, ILO IPEC consultant, Geneva (Switzerland)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community-based child labour monitoring




Topic:

Working Children’s Movements in South America.

 

Based on:

Marten van den Berge, Working Children’s Movements in Peru, IREWOC, Amsterdam, 2007.

Marten van den Berge, Working Children’s Movements in Bolivia, IREWOC, Amsterdam, 2007

Other documents of interest:

Sonja Zweegers (ed. by), Studying Child Labour. Policy implications of child-centred research, IREWOC, Amsterdam, 2005

 

Authors:

Marten van den Berge, IREWOC, Amsterdam (The Netherlands).

 

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Children’s movements




Topic:

NeighbourWoods for Better Cities. Approaches and tools for public involvement.

 

Based on:

Cecil Konijnendijk, Jasper Schipperijn, NeighbourWoods for Better Cities. Tools for developing multifunctional community woodlands in Europe, Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

 

Authors:

Cecil Konijnendijk, Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg (Denmark)

Jasper Schipperijn, Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape and Planning, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg (Denmark)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community planning and management




Topic:

Lessons learned on the use of community-based participatory video: the Video Sabou et Nafa project (Guinea).

Based on:

Lauren Goodsmith, Video Sabou et Nafa: community voices joined in a common cause, (published in Communication for Development and Social Change, Volume I, No. 1, 2007; Hampton Press)

 

Authors:

Lauren Goodsmith, Communication for Change (C4C), New York (USA)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community-based participatory video




Topic:

Lessons learned on participatory action planning in the peri-urban interface: the twin city experience, Hubli-Dharwad, India.

Based on:

Meera Halkatti, Sangeetha Purushothaman and Robert Brook, Participatory action planning in the peri-urban interface: the twin city experience, Hubli–Dharwad, India, Environment and Urbanization 2003; 15; 149

 

Authors:

Meera Halakatti, Best Practices Foundation, Dharwad (India)

Sangeetha Purushothaman, Best Practices Foundation, Bangalore (India)

Robert Brook, University of Wales, Bangor ( UK)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory Action Planning




Topic:

Lessons learned in how to select female beneficiaries for the FAO gender project ”Support to household food security and income generation through bio-intensive backyard agricultural production and cottage industry activities for women” (OSRO/GAZ/602/NOR)

 

Based on:

FAO project ”Support to household food security and income generation through bio-intensive backyard agricultural production and cottage industry activities for women” (OSRO/GAZ/602/NOR).

FAO project "Emergency support and employment generation for female-headed households through backyard farming and cottage industry in the West Bank and Gaza Strip" (OSRO/GAZ/703/ SPA)

 

Authors:

Intissar Eshtayeh, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Rosalind Earis, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Selection/Involvement of women beneficiaries in food security projects

 




Topic:

Stakeholder perceptions and participation in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Public consultation process regarding the labelling of genetically modified foods

 

Based on:

Albert, J.,Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods: Stakeholder Perceptions of the Food and Drug Administration’s Public Consultation Processes and Food Industry Reactions to the United States Voluntary and European Union Mandatory Policies, PhD dissertation in Food Policy and Applied Nutrition, Tufts University Boston (Massachusetts), 2007.

 

Author:

Janice Albert, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Public consultation processes:

  • public meetings
  • public comments

 

 




Topic:

Gender equity and rural enterprises

 

Based on:

Vargas-Lundius, R.; Ypeij, A., Polishing the stone. A journey through the promotion of gender equality in development projects IFAD, 2007 (English)

Vargas-Lundius, R.; Ypeij, A.,Puliendo la piedra,Un recorrido por la promoción de la igualdad de género en los proyectos de desarrollo, FIDA, 2007 (Español)

  Authors:

Rosemary Vargas-Lundius, IFAD, Rome (Italy) >

Annelou Ypeij, Inter-university Centre for Latin American Research and Documentation, Amsterdam (Netherlands)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Female labour force participation

Women's micro-enterprise development




Topic:

The negotiated and participatory land delimitation of the San Community, Angola

 

Based on:

Cenerini, C., Access to information and institutions. Tales from Angola: San Land Rights in Huila Province, FAO-NRLA, Rome 2007 (forthcoming)

 

  Author:

Carolina Cenerini, FAO, Rome (Italy)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory land delimitation

 




Topic:

Lessons learned on the impact of education on female labour force participation and fertility in Ghana

 

Based on:

Harry A. Sackey, Female labour force participation in Ghana: the effects of education, AERC Research Paper 150 , African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi , September 2005

 

 

Author:

Harry A. Sackey, Vancouver Island University (formerly Malaspina), Nanaimo, British Columbia (Canada)

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Female labour force participation

 

 




Topic:

Community-driven development: how can individuals, community-based workers (CBWs) and institutions work effectively in partnership?

Based on:

BCID Research Briefing, December 2007

  Author:

Bradford Centre for International Development (BCID)

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Community Driven Development (CDD)

 

 




Topic:

Collective Action for Smallholder Market Access: improving market access for the rural poor

Based on:

Markelova H.; Hellin J.; Meinzen-Dick R.;Dohrn, S., Collective Action for Smallholder Market Access, in Food Policy, special issue on Collective Action and Market Access for Smallholders, 2008 (forthcoming).

 

  Authors:

Helen Markelova, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)

Jonathan Hellin, CIMMYT (CGIAR), Mexico City (Mexico)

Ruth Meinzen-Dick, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)

Stephan Dohrn, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Group promotion

Collective action for market access

 




Topic:

Successful involvement of local communities in conservation programmes for Malayan mahseer in River Kinabatangan of Sabah

 

Based on:

Credit and microfinance needs in inland capture fisheries development and conservation in Asia, Tietze, U.; Siar, S.V.; Marmulla, G.; van Anrooy, R ., FAO Fisheries Technical Papers T460 (Chapter VII).

 

  Authors:

Mahyam Mohd. Isa

Jephrin Wong

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Tagal system

 




Topic:

Indigenous Women and the United Nations System. Good practices and lessons learned

 

Based on:

Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Indigenous Women and the United Nations System. Good Practices and Lessons Learned, 2007.

  Author:

Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues for the Task Force on Indigenous Women/Inter-Agency
Network on Women and Gender Equality.

 




Topic:

Participation: a tool for sustainable territorial development

Based on the outcomes of the Territorial Development Meeting, 8 June 2007 (FAO Headquarters, Rome), organised by FAO-NRLA.

 

  Authors:

Paolo Groppo, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Massimo Rossi, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Carolina Cenerini, FAO, Rome (Italy)




Topic:

Use of participatory methods for active involvement of all partners in communication

Based on the results of an inter-institutional expert consultation workshop organized by FAO and GTZ.

 

  Authors:

Riccardo Del Castello, FAO, Rome (Italy)

Paul Mathias Braun, GTZ-Eschborn (Germany)

 




Topic:

Participatory Research Approaches - What have we learned?

The experience of the DFID Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy (RNRRS) Programme 1995-2005

  Authors:

Neiland, Arthur E.; Bennett, Elizabeth; Townsley, Philip

 




Topic:

Participatory Forest Management in Tanzania (PFM)

Authors:

Tom Blomley, Participatory Forest Management Adviser, Forestry and Beekeeping Division, Dar es Salaam

Hadija Ramadhani, Forest Officer (Extension) within the Extension and Publicity Unit of the same Division

 

  Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory Forest Management (PFM)

 




Topic:

International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ICARRD)

FAO Service:

Rural Development Division (SDA)

 

  Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Electronic conferences (before the Conference)

Consultative processes (before the Conference)

Special Thematic Sessions (during the Conference)

Panel discussions (during the Conference)

Plenary sessions (during the Conference)

Forum (during the Conference)




Topic:


Participatory methods to assess traditional breeding systems: The case of cattle breeding in The Gambia

Author:

Mirjam Steglich and Kurt J. Peters


 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Group discussions

Focus group

Participatory survey

Matrix rating technique

Assessment of local institutions and organizations




Topic:


Citizen Participation in Lempira Sur

Author:

Tomás Lindemann

FAO Service:

Rural Institutions and Participation Service (SDAR)

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory diagnosis workshops

Participatory Rural Appraisal

Promotion of interest groups

Creation of Community Development Committees (CODECO)

Constitutional tools such as plebiscite, referendum, etc.




Topic:

Active Participation of the farmer community in the Livestock Disease Surveillance Program in District Sahiwal Punjab (Pakistan)

Author:

Dr. Muhammad Rasheed

 

Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Discussion groups

Identification of livestock diseases through pictures, cartoons and diagrams

Participatory Epidemiology

Proportional Piling

Village/area Mapping

Seasonal Calendar




Topic:
Lessons learned by the WIN project on livelihoods diversification and enterprise development: An overview of WIN LDED-related activities in Cambodia , Nepal and Zambia , Livelihoods Support Programme (LSP), Working Paper 19

Lessons from WIN Cambodia

Lessons from WIN Nepal

Lessons from WIN Zambia

Author:

Karlyn Eckman

FAO Services:

Water Resources, Development and Management Service (AGLW)

Agricultural Management, Marketing and Finance Service (AGSF)

Nutrition Programmes Service (ESNP)

  Participatory Methodology/Approaches:

Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA)

Training of Trainers (TOT) workshops

Participatory extension

Community action planning

Group formation

Participatory Rural Assessments (PRAs)

Grassroots mobilization

Group development

Group discussions

Participatory M&E

 




 


 

 


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