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Seminar on Integrated Water Management in the Tisza River Basin
Final Report - V
Country Presentations of Serbia-Montenegro
13. River Basin Management in Serbia-Montenegro
By Ms. Marina Mladenovic
Responsibilities
The Directorate for Water under the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources Management is responsible for integrated water resources management in Serbia (water resources management policy, multipurpose water use, water regime, flood and erosion control, implementation of water quality protection measures, and other activities according to the Law on Water). Other Ministries are also responsible for certain aspects of water resources management (Ministry for Protection of Natural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Health, Ministry for Governance and Local Governance, and Ministry for Transportation and Telecommunication).
Responsibilities - Basic principles are: a) Integrated and sustainable water resources management, where the main topics of water resources are: water law and plans, water licence, preparing and governing of investments, maintenance of water structures, and water inspection, and b) integrated and sustainable environmental protection, where the main environmental topics are: environmental law and plans, approval for ecological sound ecological inspection.
Bilateral and multilateral cooperation:
 With Hungary: Agreement on Trans-boundary Waters (1955), Agreement on Navigation (1955), Agreement on Fishing (1957)
With Romania: Agreement on Trans-boundary Waters (1955), Agreement on Fishing (1961)
ICPDR (1994, Convention on Cooperation for Protection and Sustainable Use of the Danube)
The Tisza River Basin Forum (2001, the Budapest Declaration)
Preparation of new bilateral agreements with Hungary and Romania
Preparation of new Law on Water - principles of EU WFD will be incorporated.
Trans-boundary cooperation in the Tisza Basin:
Long-term solution of the complex problems could be Framework Agreement for the Tisza River Basin + accompanying protocols
Strong link with ICPDR
Implementation of WFD and relevant multilateral conventions related to environmental protection, and initiatives on sustainable spatial development
Implementation of Tisza River Forum plans
Possible developments related to navigation.
Authorities competent for water resources in Vojvodina: 1. Ministry of Agriculture and Water Management of Serbia, 2. Department of Agriculture and Water Management of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, 3. Water Directorate of the Republic of Serbia, 4. Natural Resources Division of the Executive Council of Vojvodina, 5. PWMC "Vode Vojvodine" Novi Sad, and 6. Water companies.
Activities under the PWMC "Vode Vojvodine"
Water Use: a) Municipal water supply, b) Irrigation water supply; c) Industrial water supply, d) Navigation, e) Fisheries, and f) Recreation, tourism
Water Quality protection (pollution sources and wastewater treatment plants)
Protection from waters (flood control and drainage).
14. Tisza River - base for development of the Vojvodina Region
By Ms. Marina Mladenovic
Environmental protection is very important. There is a wish to restore and protect natural resources, such as lakes and special nature reserves.
If flooding happens from rivers (1% probability): 1,000,000 ha (about 45% of the total area), 260 settlements, 1,200,000 inhabitants, 3,840 km of roads and 150 km of railway, and 800 industrial plants.
One solution is long protection lines: Total length of levees is 1,361.84 km distributed on international rivers: Danube (26%), Tisza (24%), Sava (9%), Tamis (7%), Old and Chanel Begej (12%), and others (22%).
Tisza River - the existing flood protection system:
314.8 km long levee lines along both river banks
After 1970 flood, reconstruction of the existing and building of some new, reallocated levees
Equal standard, with 1m safety freeboard above the design flood level
Protection lines on 90% of their total length meet this standard
Two sections (28.8 km long) remained to be reconstructed.
International Cooperation:
As a downstream country, S&M has profound interest in developing international cooperation in the Tisza River basin. International cooperation in the Tisza Forum will be to contribute to further improving flood control. The principle "planned activity and measures aimed at developing flood protection system as well as plans of managing water resources of the river Tisza and/or its tributaries should not aggravate conditions of available flood protection in downstream sections" must be strictly respected.
Implementation of non-structural flood protection measures:
Plans and guidelines for flood defense, hydrological monitoring, forecasting and warning system, monitoring of levees during flood) must be promoted and improved.
New regulatory and institutional measures are planned.
If Vojvodina is flooding by inland waters: 1,840,071 ha (85%) of the area is threatened by inland waters: a) directly threatened 1,630,648 ha, and b) partially threatened 209,423 ha.
Solution - Danube-Tisza-Danube Project:
The DTD project consist of one of the biggest multipurpose Systems in Europe, including: 1. Drainage, 2. Irrigation, 3. Water supply, 4. Receiving used waters, 5. Navigation, 6. Conveyance of transit waters, 7. Forestry, 8. Fisheries, 9. Tourism and recreation. The DTD Project is covering about 20.000km2 of lowland area, linking or incorporating many rivers and channels. The DTD Project consists of the channel network, the Dam on the Tisza near Novi Becej and many supplementary objects. The primary channel network is 695 km long, while navigation is enabled on 600 km. Primary channels taking part in water supply and drainage, are divided with 27 steps, forming 14 basins. The water flow in primary channels is gravitational, with dictated levels. The major structure of the DTD Project is the dam constructed on 63rd km of the Tisza River.
The Water Polluters: The 497 water polluters consist of: Industry (326), Food industry (118), Agriculture (113), Settlements (30), and other (28). Wastewater is not treated from 321, wastewater is treated from 71 (together with municipal wastewater), and wastewater with primary treatment from 83 polluters.
Environmental Protection
Promote nature appreciation and practices that protect natural and cultural resources
Protect natural features and functions, and restore terrestrial and aquatic habitat in the region.
In the Tisza River Basin, there are many protected areas: a) Lake Ludasko (387 ha), b) Lake Palic (113 ha), c) Seleven Puszta (677 ha), d) Dead Tisza or Meander of Curug, e) Titel Hill (30 m tall), and f) the natural reserve Stari Begej - Carska bara, which is in the category of extremely sensitive ecosystems.
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