Valentin H. von Massow
May 1989
INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK CENTRE FOR AFRICA
ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
ILCA Research Report No. 17
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ILCA The International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA), established in 1974, is an autonomous, non-profit making research, training and information centre with a mandate to improve livestock production throughout sub-Saharan Africa. The activities and publications of the Centre are financed by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The CGIAR members which have funded ILCA to date are the African Development Bank, the European Economic Community, the Ford Foundation, the International Development Research Centre, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the United Nations Development Programme, the World Bank, and the governments of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. ILCA conducts its own research programme, works closely with national agricultural research systems (NARS) in collaborative research projects and seeks to develop the research capacities of NARS by providing specialised training programmes and a range of information services. ILCA's publications series include Research Reports, Monographs and a quarterly ILCA Bulletin, as well as conference proceedings and a quarterly ILCA Newsletter. Responsibility for ILCA publications rests solely with the centre and with such other parties as may be cited as co-authors. |
Correct citation: von Massow V H. 1989. Dairy imports into sub-Saharan Africa: Problems, policies and prospects. Research Report 17. ILCA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
May 1989
ABSTRACT
Trends in the production and consumption of dairy products in sub-Saharan Africa are reviewed, as is the growing importance of dairy imports in meeting consumption targets. The basic instruments of dairy import policy, their objectives, and the economic effects of selected import measures are then outlined to provide a theoretical background for a cross-country analysis of the common causes of increased dairy imports into sub-Saharan Africa, which follows. This general analysis is complemented by a detailed study of two specific dairy policies - the classical trade control policy pursued in Nigeria and the multi-objective policy of Mali. The potential contribution of dairy food aid to livestock development in the continent has been studied, using the Malian experience to outline the complexity of such a policy.
KEY WORDS
/Africa south of the Sahara/ /milk products/ /supply balance/ /imports/ /trade policies/ /food aid/-/economics/ /case study/
RESUME
On trouvera dans le présent rapport un examen des tendances relatives à la production et à la consommation des produits laitiers en Afrique subsaharienne, de même qu'une étude détaillée de la contribution sans cesse croissante des importations de fait à la satisfaction des objectifs de consommation des pays du sous-continent. Les instruments de base des politiques d'importation laitière, leurs objectifs, et l'incidence économique de certaines dispositions prises en matière d'importation vent ensuite succintement décrits en vue d'expliciter la base théorique nécessaire à l'analyse (pays par pays) des causes communes de l'augmentation laitières des importations laitières en Afrique subsaharienne. Ce tableau général est complété par une étude approfondie de deux politiques laitières bien précises à savoir les mesures classiques de contrôle des échanges commerciaux mises en oeuvre par le Nigeria, et la politique à cibles multiples adoptée par le Mali. L'impact potentiel de l'aide en produits laitiers sur le développement de l'élevage en Afrique a été étudié sur la base de l'expérience malienne, pour mieux souligner la complexité de cette dernière stratégie.
MOTS-CLES
/Afrique au sud du Sahara/ /produits laitiers/ /bilan d'approvisionnement/ /importation/ /politique du commerce international/ /aide alimentaire/-/économie/ /étude de cas/
ISBN 92-9053-098-7
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
2. Facts and figures on dairy imports into sub-Saharan Africa
Trends in dairy imports, production and consumption
Commercial dairy imports
Dairy food aid
Regional patterns
ConsumptionCross-country comparison of parameters related to dairy imports
Definition of the term 'policy'
Objectives of dairy import policy
Instruments of dairy import policy
4. The special role of dairy food aid
5. Economic effects of selected import policies
Import subsidy and import tariff
Overvalued exchange rate
Foreign exchange allocation
Food aid distribution
6. Cross-country analysis of the causes of increased dairy imports
Changes in demand and supply
Changes in policy and other factors
Changes in import prices and exchange rates
Overvalued exchange rate
7. Specific dairy import policies and their effects
Nigeria: Use of classical instruments of trade control
Nigeria's dairy import policy
Effects of Nigeria's dairy import policyMali: Pursuit of multiple objectives
Dairy import policy in Mali
Effects of Mali's dairy import policy
The use of dairy food aid in Mali
The effects and prospects of food aid
Problems
Policies
Prospects