Future of livestock industries in East and Southern Africa

Proceedings of the Workshop held at Kadoma Ranch Hotel, Zimbabwe 20-23 July 1992

Edited by J. A. Kategile and S. Mubi

June 1993

International Livestock Centre for Africa
P O Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

ISBN 92-9053-271-8

Correct citation:

Kategile J A and Mubi S (eds). 1992. Future of livestock industries in East and southern Africa. Proceedings of a workshop held at Kadoma Ranch Hotel, Zimbabwe, 20-23 July 1992. ILCA (International Livestock Centre for Africa), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 227 pp.

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.

Acknowledgements

Preface

Opening address

Trends in smallholder livestock enterprises

The impact of the introduction of exotic cattle in east and southern Africa

Introduction
Cattle production sectors
Comparative production performance of exotic cattle
On-farm performance
Impact of exotic cattle
References

Intensive animal feeding practices for optimum feed utilisation

Introduction
Intensive livestock production systems
Evolution of intensive smallholder feeding systems
Feed resources for intensive feeding
Animal responses to intensive feeding
Constraints to intensive feeding practices
References

Importance of strong research-extension linkages in increasing livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa

Introduction
Information flow between research and extension
Bridging the gap
Complexity of extension
Strategy to increase smallholder agricultural production in SADCC
National linkages between research, extension and training
References

Research on smallholder dairy research programmer in subhumid areas

Dairy/beef production systems research programme in Malawi

Introduction
The livestock industry
The present and potential production of cattle in Malawi
Evolution/development of the research programme
Implementation of the programme
Achievements and failures
Future research programmes
References

Research on smallholder dairy production in coastal lowland Kenya

Introduction
Background country information
Size and distribution of the livestock industry
Dairy production in Kenya
Previous research relevant to smallholder dairy development
Objectives of the programme
Development of the research programme
Organisation and participants: The research team and on-station programme
Research-extension-farmer linkages
Field studies
Planning and review of the research
Implementation of programme
Evaluation of research programme
Impact of research programme
Integration of research and development programmes
Future research programmes
References

Smallholder dairy on-farm research in Burundi

Background country information
Size of the livestock industry
Importation of cattle for breeding purposes
Objectives of the research programme
References

Smallholder dairy in Ethiopia

Introduction
The project area
The experimental animals and feeds
Selection of participating farmers
Obligations of participating farmers
Obligations of the research centre
Data recording
Results
Project achievements
Constraints
References

Dual-purpose goat research in western Kenya

Origin of SR-CRSP research
Previous research on goats in Kenya
Objectives of SR-CRSP in Kenya
Development of the research programme
Implementation of the SR-CRSP programme
Evaluation of the SR-CRSP programme
Impact of the DPG programme
Institutionalisation of SR-CRSP research in Kenya
Future research for the DPG programme
References

Contribution of crossbred goats to milk production and social welfare in Burundi

Introduction
Development projects
Goat research activities in Burundi
The goat development project in Ngozi
Data analysis
Observations
Constraints and difficulties
Evaluation of the research programme
References

Dairy goat research and extension at Sokoine University of Agriculture (lowlands) and Mgeta (highlands) areas of Tanzania

Introduction
Potential of dairy goats in Tanzania
Previous research on dairy goats in Tanzania
Objectives of the current goat research programme
Development of the research programme
Evolution and development of the project at SUA (on-station)
Results and observations
Evaluation of the research programme (on-station)
Mgeta (on-farm)
Importance of the research programme
Future research programmes
References

Dual-purpose cattle in central Tanzania

Introduction
Size and importance of the livestock industry
Previous research within the country
Objectives of the project
Development of the research project
Constraints to livestock production
Technologies introduced in the farming system
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References

Peri-urban small-scale dairy research programme in Botswana

Introduction
Development of the research programme
Introduction of the technical package
Summary of research results
Evaluation of the research programme
Impacts of the research programme
References

Research on small ruminant production systems in Zimbabwe

Introduction
The livestock industry
Development of a research programme
Implementation of the programme
Achievements and failures
Evaluation of the research programme
Impact of the research programme
Future research programme
References

Disease control approaches

Economic implications of the control of East Coast fever in eastern, central and southern Africa

Introduction
Control costs
Treatment
Government expenditures on ECF control
Other indirect losses
Estimates of regional economic losses due to ECF
Limitations of current methods of ECF control
New methods of ECF control
Assessing the economics of the infection and treatment method
Limitations of the infection and treatment method
Policy issues
References

Immunisation of cattle against East Coast fever: Experiences in Zanzibar

Introduction
Development of stabilate
Trials conducted
Degrees of immunity
Protection against ECF in other areas of Unguja
ECF challenge to immunised cattle
Other experiences gained
Future prospects
Conclusion
References

Sustainable control methods for ticks and tick-home diseases in Africa

Introduction
Problems of present control methods
Sustainable control methods
Host-resistance to ticks
Tick-resistant cattle in Africa
Conclusions
References

New vaccine strategies against heartwater

Introduction
Methodology
Results and discussion
References

Economics of trypanosomiasis control: Research implications

Introduction
Development of research programmes
Implementation of the research programme
Evaluation of the research programme
Profitability of trypanosomiasis control
Outcome of the research programme
References

Development of smallholder dairying

Smallholder dairy production in Zambia

Introduction
Background information
The size of the livestock industry
Characterisation of the cattle industry
Current productivity
Origin of the programme
Factors affecting the development and expansion of smallholder dairy programmes
Factors contributing to the success or failure of smallholder dairying
Suggested framework for future development
References

Smallholder dairy development in Malawi

Introduction
Origin and conception of smallholder dairying
Operational mode of the scheme
Adoption of research technologies in dairying
Factors affecting development and expansion of dairying
Productivity of dairy cattle on smallholdings
Suggested framework for future development
References

Kenya national dairy development project

Introduction
Cattle population and milk production
Milk production and production systems
Milk marketing
Dairy industry development policy and constraints
National dairy development project
Future dairy development programmes in Kenya
References

Dairy development programme in Tanga, Tanzania

Introduction
Cattle industry in Tanzania
Livestock production systems
Productivity
Importance of cattle in livestock development programmes
Origin and conception of the dairy development programme in Tanga
Extension approach
Adoption of technologies
Constraints on dairy development
Framework for future development
References

Smallholder dairy development programme in resettled and communal areas in Zimbabwe

Introduction
Characterisation of the cattle industry
Origin and conception of the development programme
Early adoption of technologies
Factors affecting the development and expansion of programmes
Benefits to the farmers and the community
Factors contributing to the success or failure of livestock development programmes
Suggested framework for future development programmes
Selected bibliography

Development of smallholder dairying in Zanzibar

Introduction
Infrastructure
Multilocational trials on grasses and legumes
Crop/livestock integration
On-farm research
Credit facilities
Response and current status
Future prospects
Conclusion
References

Marketing options for livestock products: a total systems cum-managerial perspective

Introduction
Marketing options and their efficacy: options for live animals
Options for livestock products
Dairy marketing options
Some relevant experiences
Meat marketing options
References

Other production systems