Native Vegetation

(1) Subtemperate zone, temperate zone mountain deciduous coniferous forest

1. Larix forest

a.Larix

b.Larix sibirica

2. Picea, Abies forest, Pinus forest

a.Picea, Abies

b.Picea

c.Pinus sylvestris var. mongolia

(3) Temperate zone sand steppe evergreen coniferous open forest

3. Pinus sylvestris var. mongolia open forest

4. Pinus forest

1. Pinus tabulaeformis
2. Pinus densiflora

(5) Subtropical, tropical evergreen coniferous forest

5.Pinus armandii forest

6.Pinus massoniana forest

a.contain Quercus serrate, Symplocos paniculata

b.contain Cuninghamia lanceolata, Eurya japonica

7.Pinus yunnanensis and P.khasya forest

a.Pinus yunnanensis

b.Pinus khasya

c.Pinus grrifithi

8.Cuningghamia lanceolata forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest

11.Deciduous Quercus forest

a.Quercus mongolicus

b.Quercus liaotungensis, Q.dentata, Q.aliena

c.Quercus variabilis, Q.acutissima, Q.serrata

12.Acer, Tilia, Fraxinus, Ulmus, Betula miscellaneous forest

13.Lime Ulmacea, Pistacia chinensis, miscellaneous forest combine Platycladus orentalis

a.contain deciduous bush layer

b.contain evergreen bush layer

14.Betula, Populus forest

15.Steppe sand Ulmus open forest

16.Desert bank,sandland Populus euphratica(diversifolia) open forest mixed forest

(11) Tropical lime deciduous and evergreen broad-leaf forest

b.combine Sabina open forest

(12) Subtropical,tropical mountain acid yellow-brown soil evergreen and deciduous broad-leaf mixed forest

18.Castanopsis, Fagus sylvatica miscellaneous forest

19.Evergreen Quercus, deciduous broad-leaf, Tsuga chinensis mixed forest

a.Cyclobalunopsis glauca, Fagus sylvatica, Tsuga chinensis

b.High mountain Quercus, Acer, Betula, Tsuga chinensis

(13) Subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest

20.Castanopsis, Cyclobalabopsis forest

a.Castanopsis glauca, Castanopsis eyrei

b.Castanopsis glaucoides, Castanopsis delavari

21.Castanopsis, Cinnamomum, Schima forest

a.Castanopsis hystrix, C. tordii, Schima superba

b.Castanopsis hystrix, C. indica, Schima noranhac

(14) Tropical evergreen broad-leaf forest like rain forest

22.Castanopsis bornnensis, Lauracea, Teaceae forest contain Podocarpaceae

(15) Subtropical sclerophyllous evergreen broad-leaf forest

23.High mountain Quercus forest

(16) Tropical semi-evergreen broad-leaf seasonalrain forest

24.Lime seasonal rain forest and shrubs

25.Lotosol seasonal rain forest

(17) Tropical evergreen broad-leaf rain forest

26.Rain forest

(18) Tropical littoral sclerphyllous evergreen broad-leaf shrubs, brake

27.Mangrove

29.Steppe sand Caragana , Salix, Artemisia shrubs

30.Hilly Vitex negunda var. heterophylla, Zizyphus jujube shrubs combine Bothrichloa ischaemum, Themeda triandra var.japonica community

(20) Subtropical, tropical evergreen, deciduous broad- leaf shrubs combine farmland

31.Rhododendron decorum, Vaccinium fragile, Tesrstrocmia gymnanthera, Myrsine africana shrubs combine pinus yunnanensis open forest

32.Melastoma candidum, Aporosa chinensis shrubs

a.Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Bacckea frutescens, Melastoma candidum, Aporosa chinensis shrubs combine Pinus massoniana forest

b.Melastoma normale, Wendlandia uvaariifolia subsp. chinensis shrubs comine Pinus khasya forest

(21)Tropical coral island succulent evergreen broadleaf shrubs, coppice

33.Scaevola sericea shrubs, coppice

(22) Subtropical alpine, subtropical evergreen leathery shrubs

34. Rhododendron shrubs

35.Salix cupularis, Dasiphora fruticosa, Caragana jubata shrubs

(24) Temperate zone alpine short-bush tundra

36.Salix rotundifolia, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, moss tundra

(25) Alpine cashion short semibush, herbaceous vegetation and sparse vegetation

37.Arenaria, Androsae cushion vegetation

(26) Temperate zone short semibush desert

38.Sympegma regelii rock desert

39.Anabasis gobi

40.Reaumuria soogorica

41.Artemisia, ephemental herbaceous clay desert

(27) Temperate zone succulent saline short semibush desert

42.Kalidium saline desert

(28) Temperate zone bush, semibush desert

44.Caragana tibetica, Ceratoides lateens sand-rock desert

45.Potaninia mongolica, Ammopiptantus mongolicus, Tetraena mongolica, sand-rock desert

46.Artemisia arenaria, A.spaerocephala sand desert

47. Calligonum sand desert

48. Tamarix sand desert

(29) Temperate semi-tree desert

49. Haloxylon desert

a.Haloxylon persicum, H.ammodendron

b.H. ammodendron

50. Haloxylon ammodendron, Reaumuria soongorica clay desert

51. Haloxylon ammodendron, Ephedra przewalskii gravel desert

52. Ceratoides compacta, Ajania tibetica sand-gravel desert

a.contain rich forbs

b.contain Stipa baicalensis

54.Filifolium sibiricum steppe

55.Bothriochloa ischaemum, Themeda triandra var. japonica steppe

56.Stipa grandis, S.krylovii steppe

a.contain Leymus chinense, forbs

b.contain Artemisia frigida, Thymus mongolicus

57.Stipa bungeana, S.breviflora steppe

58.Mountain bunch-grass steppe

a.Festuca sulcata, Stipa capilata

b.Stipa krylovii

(33) Temperate short bunch-grass, short semi-bush steppe

59.Stipa gobica stepe

a.contain Artemisia frigida

b.contain Stipa glareosa, Artemisia xerophytica

60.Stipa brevifolia, Ajania achilleoides steppe

61.Mountain Stipa glareosa, short semi-bush steppe

62.Grass, forbs steppe

a.Stipa

b.Poa, Festuca

63.Stipa purpurea steppe

a.contain Stipa subsessiliflora var.basiplumosa

b.contain Festuca

64.Stipa subsessiliflora var.basiplumosa, Ceratoides compacta steppe

(35) Subtropical,tropical bush savanna combine succulent thorny shrub

65.Heteropogon contortus,Themeda hookeri savanna

a.contain Zyzyphus mauritiana, Acacia farnesiana

b.contain Flacourtia indica, Pandanus tectorius

67.Grass, forbs saline meadow

a.Aeluropus littoralis, Suaeda spp.

b.Achnanthrum splendens, Suaeda physophora

c.Phragmetis communis,Trachomitum lancifolium,Alhagi sparsifolia meadow combine Tamarix chinenese shrub

(37) Temperate, subtropical alpine meadow

68.Kobresia meadow

69.Carex, Kobresia, forbs meadow

70.Saline grass, forbs, Kobresia meadow

(38) Temperate marsh

71.Grass, Carex marsh

(39) Temperate alpine marsh

72.Carex, Kobresia marsh

Agricultural Vegetation

73.Spring wheat, soybean, corn, sorghum, sugar beet, flax

74.Spring wheat, millet, potato, sugar beet, flax

75.Barley, wheat, pea, potato, rapa

76.Winter wheat, soybean, corn, sweet potato, peanut, tobacco, apple, pear, grape

77.Winter wheat, corn, millet, sorghum, sweet potato, cotton, peanut, apple, pear, Chinese date, Chinese fig, grape, Chinese chestnut, walnut

78.Wheat, corn, sorghum, cotton, grape, Hami melon, pear, apricot

79.Rice, winter wheat, rape, cotton, peanut, pomegranate, tea, peach, pear, loquat

80.Rice, winter wheat, corn, potato, rape, tobacco, tea, red bayberry, chestnut, apple, pear

81.Rice, winter wheat, rape, cotton, mulberry, China grass, orange

82.Rice, winter wheat, sweet potato, coarse grain, tea, rape, China grass, jute, red bayberry, orange

83.Rice, winter wheat, sweet potato, China grass, coarse grain, sugar cane, peanut, orange, tung oil tree, hemp palm, mulberry

84.Double cropping rice continuous winter sweet potato. Double cropping corn, sweet potato, cassava, jute, litchi, longan, banana, pineapple

85.Three cropping rice, winter peanut, sugar cane, lemongrass, sisal hemp, rubber tree, coconut, cafe, oil palm

Non-vegetation Area

Saline incrustation

Sand desert

Gobi

Alpine top gravel

Glacier and snow cover