This paper synthesizes available literature on fertilizer market reform and the economics of fertilizer use in sub-Saharan Africa, in order to characterize lessons learned from reform over the past two decades. It identifies areas of consensus for improving fertilizer markets and increasing fertilizer use, evaluates the ongoing debates, and proposes potential actions for resolving debates and moving forward to higher levels of consumption and more efficient fertilizer marketing. Particular attention is paid to the subject of fertilizer price subsidies, where it is noted that the literature does not strongly support the renewed enthusiasm in the region for subsidies.

It is hoped that the paper will provide valuable information for policymakers and their advisors in Africa, as well as for donors and fertilizer marketing companies.

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