Table 1. Grazing sysems in different ecozones.
Grazing system Area (million km2) People living in systems area (millions) Cattle (millions) Sheep and goats (millions)
Arid and semi-arid rangelands 989 182 116 280
Temperate and Tropical Highlands 513 189 81 185
Sub-humid and Humid savannas 606 332 197 146
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Table 2. Total meat production of grazing systems by world region.
World Region Beef Mutton & goat meat Milk
{short description of image} '000 MT in % of total '000 MT in % of total '000 MT in % of total
SSA 1,380 11.2 390 13.1 9,827 23.1
Asia 765 6.2 659 22.1 308 0.7
CSA 5,652 46.0 231 7.7 13,553 31.9
WANA 88 0.7 237 8.0 1191 2.8
EE & CIS 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
OECD & other developed 4,396 35.8 1,466 49.2 17,647 41.5
Total 12,289 100.0 2,981 100.0 42,527 100.0
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Table 3. Annual growth rates of production in grazing systems by commodity and eco-zone (1981/83-1993/1994).
Beef & buffalo meat Sheep & goat meat Milk
Arid & semi-arid tropics sub-tropics 1.0 0.6 1.4
Humid & sub-humid tropics & sub-tropics 0.5 -0.1 1.9
Temperate & highlands 1.0 -0.7 2.8
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Table 4. Livestock inventory of mixed farming systems.
Species Number (millions) Percent global population Of which in developing world Of which in OECD & other developed countries
Cattle 860.6 66.9 78.8 21.2
Buffalo 148.0 100.0 99.9 0.1
Sheep & goats 1,096.8 63.9 87.8 12.2
Dairy cattle 192.2 85.0 78.7 21.3
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Table 5. Livestock production of mixed farming systems by world region and share of the system in total commodity production
World Region Beef & mutton Poultry & pork Milk
{short description of image} 000 MT in % of total 000 MT in % of total 000 MT in % of total
SSA 1,386 3.4 720 1.4 3,400 0.7
Asia 6,345 15.4 25,444 47.7 91,624 18.5
CSA 4,613 11.2 2,806 5.3 30,649 6.2
WANA 2,531 6.2 680 1.3 21,506 4.3
EE & CIS 7,078 17.2 8,748 16.4 128,375 25.9
OECD & other developed 19,152 46.6 14,892 27.9 219,819 44.4
Total 41,100 100.0 53,290 100.0 495,371 100.0
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Table 6. Annual growth rates of production in mixed farming systems by commodity and world region (1981/83-1993/1994).
Beef Buffalo meat Sheep & goat meat Dairy milk Pig meat Poultry meat Poultry eggs
Rainfed Temperate 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.1 0.7 1.8 -0.6
Rainfed Humid 2.3 2.2 3.7 2.5 2.3 3.9 2.1
Rainfed Arid 2.9 2.6 1.8 3.8 0.6 4.1 4.9
Irrigated Temperate 4.0 18.0 3.3 0.3 2.2 0.6 1.9
Irrigated Humid 9.2 6.4 7.5 5.6 4.7 5.1 4.6
Irrigated Arid 4.0 5.4 5.1 3.6 3.5 4.4 4.0
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Table 7. Livestock production of industrial systems by world region and share of the system in total commodity production.
World Region Beef & mutton Poultry & pork Eggs
000 MT in % of total 000 MT in % of total 000 MT in % of total
SSA 0 0.0 327 24.0 246 30.4
Asia 0 0.0 12.789 33.4 7,680 52.7
CSA 0 0.0 5,828 62.7 2,896 73.4
WANA 100 3.2 1,170 60.7 948 59.7
EE & CIS 3,609 33.7 6,288 41.8 3,831 65.4
OECD & other developed 2,446 8.9 33,728 68.8 11,470 87.5
Total 6,155 9.4 60,130 52.3 27,071 67.9
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Table 8. Annual growth rates of production in industrial production systems by commodity and world region (1981/83-1993/1994).
Region Beef & mutton Pork Poultry meat Eggs
SSA n.a. 9.2 6.7 6.2
ASIA n.a. 17.8 17.3 18.5
CSA n.a. 0.3 6.6 4.8
WANA 9.5 -15.8 6.7 5.9
EE & CIS 3.6 1.7 1.9 1.1
OECD & Other devoped 1.0 1.3 3.8 0.2
WORLD 2.5 4.1 5.1 3.8
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Table 9. Global total utilization of concentrate feed resources 1965/67 to 1990/92.
Global total utilization for feeds ('000 MT per year)
Commodity 1965/67 1975/77 1985/87 1990/92
Cereals 354,808 496,343 629,802 600,516
Brans 72,359 87,155 113,222 118,946
Oilseeds 3,291 4,129 9,666 13,463
Oilmeals and cakes 41,301 66,201 103,631 119,263
Roots and tubers 131,328 126,606 133,243 129,860
Total 603,087 780,436 989,565 982,049

Source: Analysis of FAO Agrostat data.

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Table 10. Average annual growth rates in regional utilization of total concentrate feed resources 1965/67 to 1990/92
Average annual growth rates in utilization of feeds (% per year)
Region 1965/67-1975/77 1975/77-1985/87 1985/87-1990/92
Developed regions
North America 0.39 2.59 0.61
Western Europe 2.34 1.27 -2.03
E Europe & CIS 5.01 0.82 -4.55
Oceania 2.07 4.36 7.44
Developing regions
C & S America 3.62 3.44 0.46
W Asia & N Africa 4.30 6.52 2.61
Sub-Saharan Africa 2.64 2.19 1.40
S Asia 2.59 2.72 4.25
SE Asia 4.30 6.73 6.29
E Asia 1.25 4.42 3.40
World 2.61 2.40 -0.15

Source: Analysis of FAO Agrostat data, see Table 3 for details

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Table 11. Global production and consumption as feed of cereals, oilseeds and oilmeals in 1993.
{short description of image} Feed use
Commodity Total production (million tons) '000 ha Feed consumption (million tons) (% production) (% commodity group)
Cereals
Rice 513 146,867 {short description of image} {short description of image} {short description of image}
Wheat 561 222,497 112 20 17
Maize 469 126,868 340 73 53
Millet 28 37,710 2.0 7 {short description of image}
Sorghum 55 41,574 33 60 5
Barley 167 74,282 118 71 18
Oats 35 19,335 26 73 4
Rye 26 13,450 14 52 2
Total cereals 1,854 689,412 812 44 100
Oilseeds
Copra 4.7 4,826 {short description of image} {short description of image} {short description of image}
Cotton seed 29 30,544 6.6 23 29
Groundnut 24 20,958 2.3 10 10
Palm kernel 4.3 4,338,131 {short description of image} {short description of image} {short description of image}
Rapeseed 27 20,089 2.0 8 9
Soya bean 116 61,907 9.5 8 41
Sunflower 21 18,501 2.5 12 11
Total oilseeds 225 4,494,956 23 10 100
Oilmeals
Copra meal 1.5 {short description of image} 1.4 89 1
Cotton seed 11 {short description of image} 9.5 88 8
Groundnut 5.1 {short description of image} 5.0 96 4
Palm kernel 2.2 {short description of image} 2.0 90 2
Rapeseed 14.8 {short description of image} 11.2 76 9
Soya bean 78 {short description of image} 77.2 99 64
Sunflower 8.1 {short description of image} 8.1 100 7
Fishmeal 6.2 {short description of image} 5.8 93 5
Total oilmeals 127 {short description of image} 120 95 100
Overall total 2,207 {short description of image} 955 43 {short description of image}

Source: USDA 1994; data generally agreed with FAO commodity reports (FAO 1994)

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Table 12. Estimated utilization of concentrate feeds for different production purposes by production system.
Concentrate feed use for various production purposes by production system
('000 MT per year)
Production system Beef Milk Small ruminant meat Pig meat Poultry meat Poultry eggs
Grazing temp. 1,448 3,845 750 578 733 424
Grazing humid 966 922 290 1,199 989 681
Grazing arid 1,094 1,643 610 741 612 300
Mixed temp. 24,291 165,048 3,801 79,753 11,751 9,829
Mixed humid 7,662 16,809 272 8,059 8,029 5,048
Mixed arid 2,994 16,713 254 1,053 1,161 2,707
Irrigated temp. 3,474 19,125 3,162 41,534 5,465 7,826
Irregated humid 3,689 8,948 1,331 50,351 10,985 15,743
Irrigated arid 3,095 18,674 1,622 14,657 3,561 4,908
Ind. pigs/poultry 0 0 0 160,438 101,914 86,303
Ind. ruminants 139,443 0 0 0 0 0
Overall 191,156 251,728 12,094 358,364 145,199 133,769
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Table 13. Areas cropped with coarse grains, wheat, oilseeds and roots and tubers used for livestock feed as percent of total cropped areas by world regions in 1990/92.
Region Total arable land % total arable land providing livestock feed from different crops
(million ha) Coarse grains Wheat Oilseeds Roots & tubers Overall (less oilseeds)
Developed regions
North America 231.2 15 5.1 13 0.01 20
Western Europe 78.9 20 7.9 5.5 0.27 28
E Europe and CIS 269.5 19 11 3.6 1.0 31
Oceania 47.4 8.0 5.6 1.0 0 14
Developing regions
C and S America 129.0 15 0.1 20 1.1 16
W Asia and N Africa 80.6 16 1.6 2.8 0.02 18
Sub-Saharan Africa 164.3 0 0 4.4 0.33 0.33
S Asia 207.4 2.1 0.2 13 0 2.4
SE Asia 57.9 8.3 0 13 4.2 13
E Asia 102.4 15 2.0 14 3.3 20
World 1,368.8 15 4.8 9.5 0.87 21

Source: Analysis of USDA PS&D data for coarse grains, wheat and oilseeds and FAO Agrostat data for roots and tubers

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Table 14. Land with rainfed crop production potential, developing countries (excluding China).
{short description of image} Million ha
Class Name Moisture regime (LGP days) Land quality Potential In use Balance
AT1 Dry semi-arid 75-119 VS, S, MS 154 86 68
AT2 Moist semi-arid 120-179 VS, S 350 148 202
AT3 Sub-humid 180-269 VS, S 594 222 372
AT4 Humid 270+ VS, S 598 210 915
AT5 Marginally suitable land in the moist semi-arid, sub-humid, humid class 120+ MS 518 {short description of image} {short description of image}
AT6 Fluvisols/gleysols Naturally flooded VS, S 258 64 259
AT7 Marginally suitable fluvisols/gleysols Naturally flooded MS 65 {short description of image} {short description of image}
Total with rainfed potential {short description of image} 2537 721 1816
Irrigated not suitable (arid and hyper-arid land) {short description of image} 36 36 {short description of image}
Grand total {short description of image} 2573 757 1816

VS - Very suitable (at least 80 percent); S - Suitable (40 to 80 percent); MS - Marginally suitable (20 to 40 percent)
Source:World Agriculture: AT 2010
Source: FAO, 1995.

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Table 15. Methane emission by species and system.
{short description of image} Dairy cows Other cattle Buffalo Sheep/goats Total
Emissions by region
SSA 0.9 5.5 0.0 1.4 7.8
ASIA 1.6 8.2 7.6 2.6 19.9
CSA 2.3 13.1 0.1 0.7 16.1
WANA 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.2 2.6
OECD 4.6 9.5 0.0 2.7 16.8
EE+CIS 3.5 2.8 0.0 1.3 7.6
OTH DVP 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.3 1.1
Emissions by production system
Gazing temp. 0.7 2.2 0.0 1.1 3.9
Grazing humid 0.5 7.9 0.0 0.9 9.3
Grazing arid 0.6 4.6 0.0 1.7 6.8
Mixed temp. 6.8 7.9 0.0 1.8 16.6
Mixed humid 1.6 6.5 1.2 0.7 9.9
Mixed arid 1.1 4.0 2.2 1.4 8.8
Irrigated temp. 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.6 2.9
Irrigated humid 0.4 2.1 1.7 0.5 4.7
Irrigated arid 0.8 2.6 2.4 1.4 7.3
Ind. ruminants 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.1 1.6
Total emissions 13.5 40.4 7.9 10.1 71.9