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 1.
Introduction to irrigation, 1985 |
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The manual contains an introductory discussion of irrigation topics that are dealt with in greater detail in the subsequent elements of the series: it brings together explanatory notes on concepts, terms, methods and calculations that are basic to the discussion of the subject matter.
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| 2. Elements of topographic surveying, 1985
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This manual describes elementary surveying equipment and provides examples of their application. It thus guides field assistants and irrigation technicians in setting out straight lines, measuring distances, setting out right angles and perpendicular lines, calculating surface areas, setting out horizontal lines, slopes and contour lines and measuring differences in elevation.
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| 3. Irrigation
water needs, 1986 |
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The volume has been divided into two parts. Part I, "Principles of irrigation water needs", describes how the water need of grass relates to the water needs of the crops actually grown on an irrigation scheme. Lastly it indicates how the irrigation water needs can be estimated for various crops, taking into account the effective rainfall. Part II, "Determination of irrigation water needs", provides in a fairly simple manner methods to calculate the topics described in Part I.
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| 4. Irrigation scheduling, 1989 |
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The manual describes briefly the influence of water shortages on the yield of various crops. It provides some simple methods to determine the irrigation schedule of field crops and paddy rice.
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| 5. Irrigation methods, 1988
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The manual delineates the basin, furrow, border, sprinkler and drip irrigation methods. One chapter is devoted to the choice of an appropriate irrigation method. Several annexes are included providing the reader with additional information.
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| 6. Scheme irrigation water needs and supply, 1992 |
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The manual describes various kinds of water sources for irrigation and discusses, in short, factors affecting the availability of water for irrigation as well as methods of tapping water. It provides information on how to estimate the irrigation needs of a scheme. It also includes how to determine the scheme irrigation need for rice-based cropping patterns and discusses how to match the calculated scheme irrigation need with the available supply of irrigation water.
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| 7. Canals, 1992 (PDF format, size = 7 651KB)
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The manual explains the functioning and construction of a canal network and describes the basic principles of water flow in small canals. It considers the elements that affect canal capacity. The manual furthermore deals with maintenance aspects of a canal network and describes in detail some important technical problems that commonly arise in connection with small canals, and provides practical guidance in dealing with them.
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| 8.
Structures for water control and distribution, 1993 (PDF format,
size = 8 075 KB) |
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This manual presents some common open channel structures that can be found in small irrigation schemes and in small units of larger schemes. The manual also presents different types of structures for flow measurement and for the protection of the canals. Common technical problems that are encountered in operation of structures as well as the necessity of maintenance and repair works are discussed. The consequence of minor scheme extension for existing structures is also discussed.
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| 9. Drainage of irrigated lands, 1996 (PDF format,
size = 4 122 KB) |
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This manual discusses the need for drainage in irrigated areas, focusing on drainage at the farm level. It reviews the systems that are available to drain irrigated lands and explains which factors of soils and hydrology influence drainage. The manual touches briefly upon the design, construction, operation and management of field drainage systems.
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| 10. Irrigation scheme operation and maintenance, 1996 (PDF format,
size = 1 303 KB) |
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This manual presents some of the difficulties confronting irrigation organizations in undertaking their duties and provides some suggestions for resolving them. The paper then discusses the methods of operating an irrigation network and the working principles involved. Maintenance tasks are discussed using the maintenance of a motorcycle as a reference for the corresponding activities in an irrigation scheme. Finally, reference is made to the need for having an effective financial control whereby the management of the system has enough resources to undertake the operation and maintenance tasks. The manual is adressed to small- and medium-scale schemes and assumes that the management organization is already in place.
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| - Small-scale pumped irrigation: energy and cost, 1992 (PDF format,
size = 3 098 KB) |
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This manual is about reducing the costs involved in small-scale pumped irrigation schemes. Too often, schemes are designed and constructed with little or no attention to operating costs, with the result that some schemes may well be cheap to install but very costly to run. Simple examples are used to show how this can be avoided, and how true comparisons can be made between different designs.
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