There is growing awareness of the fundamental and vital role fruit and vegetable consumption plays in human health and nutrition in both developing and developed countries. This increased global awareness has been primarily led by the combined efforts of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) of the United Nations (UN). FAO organized this workshop to build on these efforts with a particular focus on South Pacific island communities, which face an array of health and nutritional challenges associated with inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption.