Experts, including farmers, scientists, groups involved in value chains and representatives from governments, international organizations and development agencies from mountain systems in every arable continent joined forces at the International Conference on Ecological Organic Agriculture in Mountain Ecosystems in Thimphu, Bhutan March 5th to 8th, 2014 to develop an action plan for the transition of agricultural and food systems. Building on the Bhutanese Government’s commitment to make a transition to 100% ecological organic agriculture guided by the philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH), the conference has developed an action plan for the world’s mountain regions based on the recogni on that 1 )The chemical based agriculture and food system is ecologically and economically harmful, 2) The existing agriculture and food system contravenes the principles and guidelines of GNH