03/2006 - 20.02.2006
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AGRICULTURE | |
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Contribution of farm power to smallholder livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa
By: Clare Bishop-Sambrook At the beginning of the new millennium, rural livelihoods in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa are under considerable strain. The economies and political environment in many countries are experiencing a period of significant transformation, and endemic poverty remains common. Agriculture, which forms the core of rural livelihoods, has a major influence on livelihood outcomes. Farm power (from human, animal and engine driven sources) is a crucial input in the agricultural production process. Shortages of farm power compromise the ability of families to cultivate sufficient land and have long been recognized as a major contributory factor to the increasing prevalence of poverty in the region. This study discusses the farm-power theme through the livelihoods philosophy. It highlights the overall problem of the availability of farm power and its interrelationships with socio-economic parameters of rural life. The report illustrates the great complexity of farm-power interrelations and problem areas that are clustered around the farm-power theme. It makes clear that farm-power availability is not simply a matter of promoting a certain technology or equipment. It shows that all aspects of the livelihoods of a rural household are connected to and affected by the available farm-power base.
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PLANT PRODUCTION AND PROTECTION | |
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Pesticide residues in food - 2004. Evaluations. Part I - Residues. Volume 1
FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 182/1 |
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Pesticide residues in food - 2004. Evaluations. Part I - Residues. Volume 2
FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 182/2 The annual Joint meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) was held in Geneva, Switzerland, from 20 to 29 September 2004. These evaluations contain monographs on the pesticides and include comments on analytical methods. The report, published separately, contains information on ADIs, maximum residue levels and general principles for the evaluation of pesticides. The recommendations of the joint meeting, including further research and information, are proposed for use by Member Governments of the respective agencies and other interested parties. Because of the size of the evaluations from the 2004 JMPR, the monographs are printed in two separate volumes.
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FISHERIES | |
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A primer on risk assessment modelling: focus on seafood products
By: Aamir M. Fazil This paper is written as an introduction to the concepts of microbial risk assessment in general, but with a seafood focus and greater emphasis on the quantitative approach. The risk of food-borne disease is a combination of the likelihood of exposure to the pathogen, the likelihood of infection or intoxication resulting in illness and the severity of the illness. In a system as complex as the production and consumption of food, many factors affect both the likelihood and severity. To manage food safety effectively, a systematic means of examining these factors is necessary.
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Management techniques for elasmobranch fisheries
Edited by: John A. Musick, Ramón Bonfl This publication describes the scientific principles and techniques used for resource management of elasmobranch fisheries with emphasis on the particular context of elasmobranchs. The management characteristics of these fishes are described - their common bycatch character and their biological constraints on productivity (low growth rate, late maturity and low fecundity). Stock assessment of elasmobranchs is described in the context of management objectives in a wide management context. Special attention is given to accurate species identification given the prevalent aggregating of landings data across species, genera and often families in this group. Techniques and experiences for tagging elasmobranchs for population estimation are described as well as methods of genetic techniques for stock identification.
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ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
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Agricultural Commodity Markets and Trade. New approaches to Analyzing Market Structure and Instability
Edited by: Alexander Harris, David Hallam (Co-published with Edward Elgar, UK). This book argues that the viability of many observed market and non-market interventions in agricultural products worldwide depends considerably on the underlying behaviour of the relevant commodity markets. Many of these policies have had distortive impacts, resulting in much discussion and controversy in the context of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Doha Round of trade negotiations. Despite the long history of studies of commodity market behaviour, a number of issues remain unresolved. The authors review a wide range of these issues and provide a survey of current methodological and empirical research to increase our understanding of the nature of commodity markets. Price behaviour and the reliability of different prediction methods are examined and the particular implications for commodity dependent developing countries are also highlighted. This state-of-the-art survey of agricultural commodity market behaviour will prove to be of immense interest to researchers, students and academics in the fields of agricultural market analysis, development studies and economics. The book will also strongly appeal to policymakers in both agricultural trading countries and international agencies and to private commodity market analysts.
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STATISTICS
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Commodity Market Review 2005-2006
Rome, 2005, 130 pp. The purpose of the biennial publication Commodity Market Review (CMR) is to analyse in depth a set of issues relating to agricultural commodity market developments that are deemed by FAO as current and crucial for its member countries, from viewpoints of both the developed, as well as the developing countries. One of the main reasons for the lack of progress in the period following the Uruguay Round, as well as the slow progress in the current Doha Round negotiations, can be attributed to the insistence of several producing and trading countries on exempting some so-called sensitive and special agricultural products from whatever disciplines are agreed upon in the Doha Round. The articles included in this CMR deal with both cross-commodity issues, such as criteria for special products and appropriate rules for special safeguards, as well as particularities of individual commodities, such as rice, sugar, dairy and others that are regarded as sensitive or special for several countries.
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FOOD AND NUTRITION
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Codex Alimentarius Commission. Procedural Manual. Fifteenth edition. Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme
Rome, 2005, 166 pp. The Procedural Manual of the Codex Alimentarius Commission is intended to help Member Governments participate effectively in the work of the joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme. The manual is particularly useful for national delegations attending Codex meetings and for international organizations attending as observers. It sets out the basic Rules of Procedure, procedures for the elaboration of Codex standards and related texts, general principles and guidelines for the acceptance of Codex standards by governments, basic definitions and guidelines for the operation of Codex committees. It also gives the membership of the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
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Scientific background papers (CD-ROM)
FAO Food and Nutrition Background Document No. 1 The purpose of this new CD-ROM series entitled "FAO Food and Nutrition Background Documents" is to provide the scientific background papers and related documents generated from expert consultations and meetings which serve as the basis for the international recommendations on human nutrient requirements, some of which were never published in print format for past consultations. The background papers and related documents presented on this first CD-ROM in the series have been reproduced as submitted by participants at the Ad Hoc Committee of Experts on Energy and Protein: Requirements and Recommended Intakes, Rome, 22 March to 2 April 1971, and at the Expert Consultation on Energy and Protein Requirements in Rome, 5 to 17 October 1981. System requirements: Windows 95/98/NT: 32 Mb RAM, 11 Mb hard disk space; Macintosh/PPC: 32 Mb RAM, 9 Mb hard disk drive; to access the files, Adobe®Reader® (included in the CD-ROM) should be installed.
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PÊCHES | |
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Surveillance et zonage des maladies des animaux aquatiques
Edité par : Rohana P. Subasinghe, Sharon E. McGladdery, Berry J. Hill Ce document fournit les recommandations relatives à la surveillance et au zonage, utiles à la conception de programmes nationaux visant à réduire les risques de maladies liées au transfert d'animaux aquatiques vivants. Ce document contient l'opinion collective et les recommandations d'experts réunis conjointement par la FAO, le ministère Pêches et Océans Canada (DFO-Canada) et l'Organisation mondiale pour la santé animale (OIE) pour déterminer les options de surveillance les plus à même de fournir un soutien, scientifiquement valide, aux cadres de zonage. Ces recommandations sont destinées à donner un conseil scientifique aux pays engagés dans la gestion de la santé des animaux aquatiques à l'échelle nationale ou régionale.
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MISE EN VALEUR DES TERRES ET DES EAUX | |
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Bilans des éléments nutritifs du sol à différentes échelles. Application des méthodes intermédiaires aux réalités africaines
Bulletin FAO: Engrais et nutrition végétale nº 15 En utilisant des données de trois pays d'Afrique subsaharienne, ce rapport compare les approches de niveau global et détaillé pour la détermination des bilans d'éléments nutritifs du sol avec une approche innovante de niveau intermédiaire. Il met en avant la valeur additionnelle qu'une approche de niveau intermédiaire peut fournir du fait de son utilité pour les personnes intéressées au niveau intermédiaire en articulant et en ciblant les mesures spécifiques pour l'augmentation de la fertilité du sol, et du fait de sa validité comme point d'entrée pour les décideurs politiques et l'intervention du secteur privé.
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ALIMENTATION ET NUTRITION | |
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Commission du Codex Alimentarius. Manuel de procédure. Quinzième édition. Programme mixte FAO/OMS sur les normes alimentaires
Rome, 2005, 176 pp. Le Manuel de procédure de la Commission du Codex Alimentarius a pour but d'aider les gouvernements des Etats Membres à participer efficacement aux travaux du Programme mixte FAO/OMS sur les normes alimentaires. Le Manuel est particulièrement utile aux délégations envoyées par les pays aux réunions du Codex et aux organisations internationales invitées en qualité d'observateur. On y trouve le Règlement intérieur de la Commission, la Procédure d'élaboration des normes Codex et textes apparentés, aux fins du Codex Alimentarius, certaines définitions essentielles et des orientations concernant les modalités de fonctionnement des comités du Codex. On y trouve également la liste des pays membres de la Commission.
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ALIMENTACIÓN Y NUTRICIÓN | |
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Comisión del Codex Alimentarius. Manual de procedimiento. Decimoquinta edición. Programa Conjunto FAO/OMS sobre Normas Alimentarias
Roma, 2005, 182 págs. La finalidad del Manual de Procedimiento de la Comisión del Codex Alimentarius es ayudar a los Estados Miembros a que participen efectivamente en la labor del Programa Conjunto FAO/OMS sobre Normas Alimentarias. El manual es especialmente útil para las delegaciones de los países que asisten a las reuniones del Codex y para las organizaciones internacionales que asisten en calidad de observadores. En él figuran el reglamento, los procedimientos para la elaboración de normas del Codex y textos afines, para los propósitos del Codex Alimentarius, las definiciones básicas y las directrices relativas al funcionamiento de los Comités del Codex Alimentarius.
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