21/2006 - 21.12.2006
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FISHERIES | |
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Committee for Inland Fisheries of Africa. Report of the eleventh session of the Sub-Committee for Lake Tanganyika. Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 25-28 April 2006
FAO Fisheries Report No. 801 The major topics discussed were: status of Lake Tanganyika fisheries by national sectors; Lake Tanganyika fisheries management issues and the Regional TCP Project; the status of the Regional Programme for the Management of Lake Tanganyika; and the future role of the FAO CIFA Sub-Committee following establishment of the Lake Tanganyika Authority. Members of the Sub-Committee endorsed a workplan and timetable for establishment and staffing of the Lake Tanganyika Authority, as shown in Appendix E.
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Committee on Fisheries. Report of the tenth session of the Sub-Committee on Fish Trade. Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 30 May-2 June 2006
FAO Fisheries Report No. 807 The Sub-Committee took note of recent developments concerning international trade in fishery products. It also considered specific issues related to international trade and sustainable fisheries development, including: safety and quality of fishery products, traceability and labelling of fishery products, draft Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fish Trade, fish trade and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, harmonization of catch documentation, fish trade and small-scale fisheries, fish trade and food security, rehabilitation and reconstruction of fisheries in tsunami affected countries.
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Fisheries Committee for Eastern Central Atlantic. Report of the fourth session of the Scientific Sub-Committee. Accra, Ghana, 24-26 October 2005
FAO Fisheries Report No. 800 Major topics discussed were: (i) the reports of the tree working groups on artisanal fisheries, small pelagic and demersal species respectively; (ii) fisheries management measures in the CECAF region; (iii) contribution of fisheries to national economies; (iv) review of progress on the CECAF Project; and (v) future programme of work in the region.
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Introduced species in fisheries and aquaculture: information for responsible use and control (CD-ROM)
Rome, 2006 Introduced species, also known as alien or exotic species, are a proven means to increase production and value from aquatic ecosystems. They are also recognized as a significant threat to aquatic biodiversity. Resource managers, the fishery and aquaculture sectors and policy-makers must balance the benefits versus the risks of using introduced species; accurate information is essential. This CD-ROM contains a variety of information, including guidelines, codes of practice, international instruments, publications and considerations that will facilitate responsible use and control of introduces species. A main feature is the Database on Introduction of Aquatic Species (DIAS) that contains over 5 000 records of international introductions of aquatic species. |
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Inventory of artisanal fishery communities in the Western and Central Mediterranean
By: Salvatore R. Coppola For years, the impoverishment of artisanal fishery in the Mediterranean countries has been frequently reported at all levels when the urgency for intervention was systematically highlighted. In addition, it has also bee reiterated that, at present, there is not enough knowledge either of the primary or secondary magnitudes of artisanal fishery or of the normative and managerial tools that cover the entire spectrum of competence. It is, therefore, extremely important to document all the elements that influence and interact directly or indirectly with artisanal fisheries. During the project Cooperation Networks to Facilitate Coordination to Support Fisheries Management in the Western and Central Mediterranean (COPEMED), the first-ever inventory of regional artisanal fishery communities in the Central and Western Mediterranean was implemented. Most of the results of this very comprehensive inventory are presented in this paper.
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Lumpfish caviar - from vessel to consumer
By: Jon Johannesson Fish roe products have historically been seen as expensive and highly-desirable luxury food items. The best and most expensive is true caviar, which uses eggs from sturgeons caught in the Caspian Sea. In recent years, eggs from many other fish species have been used to develop products imitating original caviar. By utilizing processes appropriate for each kind of fish, it is now possible to make a similar - but nevertheless imitation - product. This publication presents a comprehensive overview of the production of lumpfish caviar as a model for developing fish caviar. The source, lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus), is from the North Atlantic and can be used as a case study to develop similar products from other fish species. The document describes fishing methods, preservation and storage of the eggs as well as details on the caviar production process itself to obtain the final product, lumpfish caviar. Product safety and packaging are considered, and the rules and regulations that apply to the main markets are discussed. Production and marketing statistics demonstrate the extent of the global lumpfish caviar business. The publication draws heavily on source material from Iceland, a major producer and processor, and includes many illustrations.
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Socio-economic indicators in integrated coastal zone and community-based fisheries management. Case studies from the Caribbean
Edited by: Uwe Tietze, Milton Haughton, Susana V. Siar This publication consist of case studies describing how socio-economic and demographic concerns are addressed in integrated coastal zone and community-based fisheries management in selected Caribbean countries - Belize, Dominica, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The results of a comparative study in Malaysia and the Philippines are also reported, including the results of a regional workshop organized to review the findings of the case and comparative study.
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Trends in poverty and livelihoods in coastal fishing communities of Orissa State, India
By: Venkates Salagrana This study analyses the livelihoods of marine fishing communities in the Indian coastal state of Orissa using the sustainable livelihoods approach. It investigates the relationships between livelihoods and coastal poverty and seeks to develop simple qualitative indicators to monitor the changes in these relationships over time. The key trends affecting the livelihoods of the poor in the coastal fishing communities in Orissa range across the whole spectrum of "assets" - i.e. the natural, physical, social, human and financial - and contribute to changes in terms of availability as well as access to the assets for the poorer stakeholders. This paper also examines the impact of seasonality and shocks upon the fisheries-based livelihoods and the importance and influence of various policies, institutions and processes in addressing the fishers' need to cope with their vulnerability context in a meaningful manner. It summarizes the various factors having an impact upon the livelihoods of the fishers and develops them into simple indicators relevant in assessing the changing patterns of poverty in fishing communities of Orissa.
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LAND AND WATER DEVELOPMENT | |
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Fertilizer use by crop
FAO Fertilizer and Plant Nutrition Bulletin No. 17 Most of the world's hunger and poverty occurs in rural areas. The use of fertilizers could improve agricultural productivity in these areas. However, many developing countries attach a low priority to the subsistence/smallholder sector, particularly in disadvantaged areas. Properly applied, fertilizer use is sustainable, not only improving agricultural productivity but also helping to avoid land degradation. Incorrectly used, fertilizers may be harmful. In order to assess the present and potential efficiency of fertilizer use, it is necessary to know, for each agro-ecological region of each country: the crops on which fertilizers are being used; the social and structural context; appropriate fertilizer application rates; the profitability of fertilizer application at these rates; the arrangements for supplying fertilizers to farmers and for marketing their produce; the credit facilities available to farmers and distributors; whether sufficient research on appropriate fertilization techniques is being carried out; and whether the resulting information is reaching the farmers. This publication reviews these various issues, substantiated by examples from each country, and analyses available statistics on fertilizer use by crop.
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Properties and management of drylands (DVD)
FAO Land and Water Digital Media Series No. 31 This DVD contains an information base of more than 1 000 selected documents, articles, hyperlinks, maps, statistics, photos and data sets relevant to drylands. The content provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art knowledge about drylands. This comprises information about natural resources in dryland ecosystems and their current conditions and status of degradation, techniques and practices to manage dryland resources and the socio-economic situation of the population living in drylands. The intention of this information tool is to serve as a major source of information for dryland experts and development planners as well as for the interested general public. |
FOOD AND NUTRUTION | |
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Benefits and Potential Risks of the Lactoperoxidase System of Raw Milk Preservation. Report of an FAO/WHO technical meeting. FAO headquarters, Rome, 28 November - 2 December 2005
Rome, 2006, 68 pp. Lactoperoxidase is an enzyme that is naturally present in milk. The activation of the lactoperoxidase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and thiocyanate, both of which are naturally present in milk, has a bacteriostatic effect on raw milk and effectively extends the shelf life of raw milk for 7-8 hours under ambient temperatures of around 30ºC or longer at lower temperatures. Such an extension of the shelf-life particularly under warm ambient conditions can allow adequate time for the milk to be transported from the collection point to a processing centre without refrigeration. FAO and WHO convened a technical meeting to review the most recent scientific information on the risks and benefits of the lactoperoxidase system, and its application to international trade. This report provides the output of the meeting including a summary report of the most recent information on the topic, and the discussions and recommendations of the technical meeting.
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Improving nutrition programmes. An assessment tool for action. Users' training manual
By: Mickey Chopra, Smruti Patel, David Sanders In 2002, FAO published "Improving nutrition programmes - an assessment tool for action" to assist programme managers in improving the impact and sustainability of food and nutrition programmes. However, during the participatory-led development process the need was felt for a sound orientation procedure on which the assessment team - comprised not only of nutrition workers but also of partners from related sectors - could build a common vision and develop its capacity to conduct the programme assessment in a rigorous, efficient and systematic manner. This companion Users' training manual has thus been prepared to maintain a better focus on the assessment process. It consists of six topics to be taught and discussed over a period of three to five days. Each topic includes key issues, case studies, ideas for discussion related to conducting an assessment, trainer's notes and a set of handouts for the learners. It can also be adapted to varying levels of knowledge and to the amount of time available. Together these publications constitute valuable tools for all those involved in assessing community-based food and nutrition programmes.
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Risk assessment of choleragenic Vibrio cholerae 10 and 0139 in warm-water shrimp and international trade. Interpretative summary and technical report
Microbiological Risk Assessment Series No. 9 Choleragenic Vibrio cholerae 01 and 0139 are the causative agent of cholera, a water-and-food-borne disease with epidemic and pandemic potential. This report focuses on the risk of acquiring cholera from warm-water shrimps in international trade. Shrimp is a very important export product from many developing countries but outbreaks of cholera in these countries can have devastating effects on the international markets for their food products. This volume looks at different approaches for assigning the risk associated with choleragenic V. Cholerae in warm-water shrimp in international trade. Qualitative and quantitative approaches to assessing risk were developed and compared and risk estimates were made using the available and relevant data.
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Risk assessment of Vibrio vulnificus in raw oysters. Interpretative summary and technical report
Microbiological Risk Assessment Series No. 8 Vibrio vulnificus is one of three pathogenic Vibrio spp. on which FAO and WHO have undertaken risk assessment work. This pathogen is associated primarily with raw oysters but can occur in a variety of seafood products. As well as causing gastrointestinal illness, V. vulnificus can cause primary septicaemia which is a serious and often fatal disease in individuals with chronic pre-existing conditions. This volume provides an approach for undertaking quantitative risk assessment of V. vulnificus in raw oysters. This risk assessment model was also developed to evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions strategies aimed at reducing V. vulnificus levels in oysters and therefore the associated risk of illness.
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FORÊTS | |
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Évaluation des ressources forestières mondiales 2005. Progrès vers la gestion forestière durable
Études FAO: Forêts nº 147 Le monde progresse-t-il vers la gestion forestière durable? Cette question a servi de cadre à l'Évaluation des ressources forestières mondiales 2005 (FRA 2005), la plus exhaustive à ce jour des séries de la FAO sur ces évaluations, couvrant 229 pays et zones pour la période comprise entre 1990 et 2005. Cette publication, le rapport principal de FRA 2005, contient des données par pays, fournies par les correspondants nationaux et révisées et regroupées par la FAO, concernant davantage de variables forestières clés que dans toute autre évaluation précédente. Sur la base de ces résultats, le rapport analyse les progrès accomplis vers la gestion forestière durable. Le présent rapport est un ouvrage de référence indispensable pour ceux qui s'intéressent à la situation des forêts du monde, pour ceux qui participent aux négociations internationales portant sur les forêts et pour tous ceux qui sont soucieux de connaître la contribution des forêts au développement durable.
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PÊCHES | |
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Comité des pêches continentales pour l'Afrique. Rapport de la onzième session du Sous-Comité pour le lac Tanganyika. Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo, 25-28 avril 2006
FAO, Rapport sur les pêches nº 801 Les débats ont essentiellement porté sur: la situation des pêcheries du lac Tanganyika par secteurs nationaux; les questions relatives à l'amenagement des pêches du lac Tanganyika et le Projet regional TCP; l'état d'avancement du Programme regional pour l'aménagement du lac Tanganyika; et le rôle futur du Sous-Comité du CPCA de la FAO après la création de l'Autorité du lac Tanganyika. Les Membres du Sous-Comité ont approuvé un plan de travail et un calendrier pour la création et la dotation en personnel de l'Autorité du lac Tanganyika, tels qu'ils figurent à l'annexe E.
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Comité des pêches pour l'Atlantique Centre-Est. Rapport de la quatrième session du Sous-Comité scientifique. Accra, Ghana, 24-26 ocotobre 2005
FAO, Rapport sur les pêches nº 800 Le principales questions examinées ont été les suivantes : (i) les rapports des trois groupes de travail sur les pêches artisanales, les petits pélagiques et les espèces démersales respectivement ; (ii) les mesures de gestion des pêches dans la région du COPACE ; (iii) la contribution des pêches aux économies nationales ; (iv) la revue d'avancement du project COPACE ; et (v) le programme de travail prévu.
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Comité des pêches. Rapport de la dixième session du Sous-Comité du commerce du poisson. Saint-Jacques-de-Compostelle, Espagne, 30 mai-2 juin 2006
FAO, Rapport sur les pêches nº 807 Le Sous-Comité a pris acte des dernières évolutions du commerce international des produits de la pêche et a examiné plusieurs questions relatives au commerce international et au développement durable des pêches, notamment: la sécurité sanitaire et la qualité des produits de la pêche, la traçabilité et l'étiquetage des produits de la pêche, le projet de directives techniques pour un commerce responsable du poisson, le commerce du poisson et la Convention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages menacées d'extinction, l'harmonisation de la documentation sur les captures, le commerce du poisson et les pêches artisanales, le commerce du poisson et la sécurité alimentaire, ainsi que le relèvement et la reconstruction du secteur des pêches dans les pays touchés par le tsunami.
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DÉVELOPPEMENT ÉCONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL | |
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Leçons d'expériences de privatisation dans le cadre du développement rural. Document de travail
Institutions pour le développement rural nº4 La collection Institutions pour le développement rural rassemble divers documents (Notes conceptuelles, Directives, Etudes de cas, Documents de travail) visant à appuyer les efforts des pays et de leurs partenaires au développement en matière d'amélioration des institutions publiques ou privées, centrales ou décentralisées. Les orientations économiques, marquées par une plus grande libéralisation, qui ont été suivies depuis plus de deux décennies dans les pays en développement ou en transition, ont conduit à la redéfinition du rôle de l'Etat et à son retrait de certaines activités économiques qui ne font pas partie de sa mission de service public mais qui doivent être assurées par les acteurs de la société civile. Ces activités ont une importance stratégique car elles sont destinées à procurer tous les biens et services indispensables aux productions agricoles et à leur valorisation sur les marchés. L'intérêt de ce rapport est qu'il fait une analyse de cas pratiques et variés de privatisation dans le secteur rural dans différents pays et contextes.
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ALIMENTATION ET NUTRITION | |
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Avantages et risques potentiels du système lactoperoxydase pour la conservation du lait cru. Rapport d'une réunion technique FAO/OMS. Rome, Italie, 28 novembre - 2 décembre 2005
Rome, 2006, 72 p. La lactoperoxydase est une enzyme présent à l'état naturel dans le lait. Son activation en présence de peroxyde d'hydrogène et de thiocyanate, deux enzyme naturellement présentes dans le lait, a un effet bactériostatique sur le lait cru et prolonge effectivement la durée de conservation de ce lait pendant 7 ou 8 heures à des températures ambiantes d'environ 30ºC, ou plus longtemps à des températures plus basses. Grâce à cette conservabilité accrue, il est possible de transporter le lait du point de collecte jusqu'au centre de transformation sans réfrigération. La FAO et l'OMS ont convoqué une réunion technique chargée d'examiner les informations scientifiques les plus récentes sur les risques et les avantages du système lactoperoxydase, et ses applications au commerce international. Le présent rapport contient les résultats de cette réunion, y compris un résumé des toutes dernières informations concernant l'utilisation du système lactoperoxydase pour la conservation du lai cru, ainsi que les discussions et recommandations des experts techniques.
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OUVRAGES GÉNÉRAUX | |
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Le futur est un ancien lac. Savoirs traditionnels, biodiversité et ressources génétiques pour l'agriculture et l'alimentation dans les écosystèmes du bassin du lac Tchad
Par : Caterina Batello, Marzio Marzot, Adamou Harouna Touré Ce livre nous emmène au cœur de l'Afrique, dans le bassin du lac Tchad, un écosystème unique, aussi fragile que précieux, et essentiel à la vie quotidienne de ses habitants. L'ouvrage contient plus de 350 photographies réalisées par Marzio Marzot, de l'information documentée sur les systèmes traditionnels de production alimentaire, des détails scientifiques et des extraits de carnet de voyage portant sur l'une des régions du globe les plus extraordinaires. Le livre donne également un aperçu des conditions de vie et des coutumes propres aux agriculteurs, aux pêcheurs et aux éleveurs locaux; autant d'acteurs qui, au moyen de techniques et de savoirs accumulés au cours des siècles, favorisent, maintiennent et exploitent la biodiversité au sein de leurs systèmes traditionnels. La FAO a la conviction que les populations locales peuvent être fières des pratiques traditionnelles qui fondent leurs systèmes de production et qu'il est nécessaire de reconnaître leur rôle fondamental dans le maintien de la biodiversité.
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MONTES | |
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Evaluación de los Recursos Forestales Mundiales 2005. Hacía la ordenación forestal sostenible
Estudio FAO Montes Nº 147 ¿Progresa el mundo hacia la ordenación forestal sostenible? Esta pregunta constituye el marco de la Evaluación de los Recursos Forestales Mundiales 2005 (FRA 2005), la más completa de la serie de tales evaluaciones hechas por la FAO hasta la fecha, que abarca 229 países y territorios para el período de 1990 a 2005. Esta publicación, informe principal de FRA 2005, contiene datos presentados por países, aportados por los corresponsales nacionales y revisados y cotejados por la FAO, respecto a más variables forestales significativas que en cualquiera de las evaluaciones anteriores. A partir de estos resultados, el informe analiza los progresos hacia la ordenación forestal sostenible. Este informe es una referencia esencial para cuantos se interesen por la situación de los bosques del mundo, los que participen en negociaciones internacionales sobre silvicultura y cuantos se sientan afectados por la contribución de los bosques al desarrollo sostenible.
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PESCA | |
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Comité de Pesca. Informe de la décima reunión del Subcomité sobre Comercio Pesquero. Santiago de Compostela, España, 30 de mayo-2 de junio de 2006
FAO, Informe de Pesca Nº 807 El Subcomité tomó nota de los acontecimientos recientes en relación con el comercio internacional de productos pesqueros. También examinó cuestiones específicas relativas al comercio internacional y al desarrollo sostenible de la pesca, tales como: inocuidad y calidad de los productos pesqueros, rastreabilidad y etiquetado de los productos pesqueros, proyecto de Directrices técnicas para un comercio pesquero responsable, el comercio pesquero y la Convención sobre el comercio internacional de especies amenazadas de fauna y flora silvestres, la armonización de la documentación sobre capturas, el comercio pesquero y la pesca artesanal, comercio pesquero y seguridad alimentaria y rehabilitación y reconstrucción de la pesca en los países afectados por el tsunami.
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ALIMENTACIÓN Y NUTRICIÓN | |
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Beneficios y riesgos potenciales del sistema de la lactoperoxidasa en la conservación de la leche cruda. Informe de la reunión técnica de la FAO/OMS. Roma, Italia, 28 de noviembre - 2 de diciembre de 2005
Roma, 2006, 74 págs. La lactoperoxidasa es una enzima presente de manera natural en la leche. La activación de la lactoperoxidasa en presencia de peróxido de hidrógeno y tiocianato, ambos presentes de manera natural en la leche, tiene un efecto bacteriostatico en la leche cruda y prologa eficazmente en siete u ocho horas el período de conservación de ésta con una temperatura ambiente des unos 30ºC o durante más tiempo con temperaturas inferiores. Esta prolongación del periodo de conservación, especialmente en ambientes cálidos, deja tiempo suficiente para que se pueda transportar la leche desde el lugar de recogida hasta el centro de elaboración sin necesidad de refrigerarla. La FAO y la OMS convocaran una reunión técnica en la que se examino la información científica más reciente sobre los riesgos y beneficios del sistema de la lactoperoxidasa, y sus usos para el comercio internacional. El presente informe recoge los resultados de esta reunión, incluido un resumen de la información más reciente sobre la utilización del sistema, así como las deliberaciones y recomendaciones de la reunión técnica.
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FISHERIES | |
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Report of the tenth session of the Sub-Committee on Fish Trade. Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 30 May-2 June 2006
FAO Fisheries Report No. 807
Rome, 2006, 54 pp. The Sub-Committee took note of recent developments concerning international trade in fishery products. It also considered specific issues related to international trade and sustainable fisheries development, including: safety and quality of fishery products, traceability and labelling of fishery products, draft Technical Guidelines for Responsible Fish Trade, fish trade and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, harmonization of catch documentation, fish trade and small-scale fisheries, fish trade and food security, rehabilitation and reconstruction of fisheries in tsunami affected countries.
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