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The theory of change for CSA: a guide to evidence-based national implementation

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Conclusions

Climate-smart agriculture is a broad approach with ambitious goals, which involve a broad diversity of range of sectors, stakeholders and disciplines, and cover a range of geographic locations and timescales. Consequently, the transition to a climate-smart agriculture requires changes at many levels of policy making. To facilitate these changes, this chapter has developed a theory of change for climate-smart agriculture that provides guidance for the evidence-based implementation of a national approach climate-smart agriculture. The theory of change lays out an overarching set of steps that are recommended for facilitating the integration of climate-smart agriculture into national policy making. The successful implementation of climate-smart agriculture interventions relies heavily on location-specific evidence. This module has noted a number of tools and methodologies that can be used to enhance the evidence base and build a solid climate-smart agriculture strategic framework. Capacity development and partnership building also plays a central role in a sustaining and updating this framework over time. 

The implementation of activities, which are based on robust evidence and contribute to climate-smart agriculture, can be undertaken at the local, national or regional levels. However, it is critical to recognize that 'triple-win' climate-smart agriculture interventions will likely be the exception rather than the rule, especially at lower levels of interventions. A holistic national climate-smart agriculture strategy must encompass all these levels and extend over a long-term time horizon. The priorities of this strategy need to be in line with broader national sustainable development goals to ensure the systemic transformation of agricultural systems in the face of climate change.