3. APPENDIXES

APPENDIX 1

1 PRA Workshop Agenda (2 1/2 days)

Day 1

· Introductions - Sum Governor; participants
· Objectives and context of workshop
· Introduction to PRA:

history
features
principles
methods
context of PRA in Mongolia

· Practical Session: Attitudes and Behaviour
· Practical Session: Semi-structured Interviewing skills

· Review of previous day
· Practical Session: Mapping
· Practical Session: Matrix scoring

· Session: Seasonal calendar and daily routine on gender
· Practical Session: SWOT analysis group exercise
· Final discussion and summary

Workshops participants, Chuluut sum, Arkhangai aimag, 28th to 30th August 1995.

1. Dashzeveg	governor
2. Balgansuren	head of governor's office
3. Baljinnyam	deputy governor
4. Machgalsuren	bag 1 governor
5. Mijiddorj	bag 3 governor
6. Biziadorj	bag 2 governor
7. Ganbaatar	bag 4 governor
8. Tsetsejmaa	doctor
9. Batdorj	nature protection inspector
10. Byambasuren	social insurance inspector
11. Selenge	representative of poor in sum centre
12. Davaasuren	herder
13. Zul-Ochir	herder
14. Mijiddorj. O	tractor driver
15. Batjargal	accountant
16. Tsetsgee	tax inspector
17. Dulmaa	population inspector
18. Khandsuren	herder
19. Batbaatar. C	herder
20. Danzansambuu	herder

APPENDIX 3

Workshop exercise: Mapping Poverty in Ulziit bag

APPENDIX 4

Household income generating activities identified by poor household in bag# 5 of Chuluut sum

Criteria	Activities
	Rope making	Broom making	Dairy products selling	Cashmere selling	Sewing	Making Mongolian boots	Berries	Selling skin
Low price of raw material	10	9	10	14	8	4	8	10
Easier to make	1	5	1	4	1	1	5	6
More benefit	3	3	1	4	5	5	1	5
Have good market	8	4	2	9	4	7	3	6
Less labour	3	8	2	3	8	2	2	8
Total	25	29	16	34	26	19	19	35

Note: This matrix, drawn by a poor but skilled and active family, clearly shows the importance of supplementary skills to the income of poor herders. Rope, broom and boot-making, sewing and berry picking, can all be undertaken by rural families without substantial technical or material inputs. In contrast, a second level of income-generating activity covering carpentry, blacksmithing and hunting require higher inputs and are therefore practised by better-off households.

APPENDIX 5

SWOT Analysis Exercise

Group 1. Group Formation

Strength	Weakness
1. resource, capacity	1. takes time
2. good skills of working	2. different ideas of people
3. innovation	3. lack participatory activities
4. knowledge, experience
Opportunity	Threat
1. natural resource	1. lack finance
2. free time	2. lack materials
3. get credit	3. lack technology and techniques

Group 2. Diary products processing.

Strength	Weakness
1. enough raw materials	1. lack transport
2. local knowledge	2. seasonal dependence
3. labour force	3. lack participation
Opportunity	Threat
1. credit	1. lack finance
2. equipment, job place	2. lack electricity
3. labour force

Group 3. Potato Growing

Strength	Weakness
1. enough plots	1. continental strong climate
2. enough resources of labour force	2. weak capacity of finance
3. enough fertiliser	3. short time for growing
4. availability of professionals
Opportunity	Threat
1. good access to seeds	1. sudden climate changes
2. capacity for storage	2. danger of being eaten by animals
3. capacity to sell
4. capacity to transport
5. capacity to get credit