Appendix IX

Key indicators

Example of potential key indicators to be mapped at national (*) and subnational level, by sector:

Food and nutrition

Nutritional status indicators

• Underweight (children under five)
• Stunting (children under five)
• Wasting (children under five)
• Body-Mass-Index (BMI)<18.5 (adults)
• Low birth weight (LBW)
• Vitamin A deficiency-nightblindness (children under five)
• Total goitre rate (TGR)
• Percentage of households consuming iodized salt

Food intake indicators

• Average energy intake
• Average food intake of major food groups
• Daily per caput protein intake
• Percentage of energy from protein
• Daily per caput carbohydrate intake
• Percentage of energy from carbohydrates
• Daily per caput fat intake
• Percentage of energy from fat
• Percentage of protein from animal source
• Percentage of protein from vegetable source
• Dietary Energy Supply*
• Percentage of undernourished population*

Health

Basic health indicators

• Immunization rate for measles, tuberculosis, diphtheria, poliomyelitis and tetanus (one-year-olds)
• Prevalence of infectious diseases and epidemics (malaria, cholera, AIDS and other)
• Access to safe water (rural and urban)
• Rural access to safe water
• Urban access to safe water
• Access to adequate sanitation
• Infant mortality rate
• Under five mortality rate
• Maternal mortality rate
• Percentage of all cases of diarrhoea in children under five of age treated with oral rehydration salts and/or recommended home fluids.
• Infants 0-3 months exclusively breastfed
• Infants 6-9 months breastfed with complementary food
• Infants at 20-23 months, still breasfed

Reproductive health indicators

• Percentage of pregnant women immunized against tetanus
• Percentage of births attended by trained health personnel
• Percentage of pregnant women aged 15-49 years with anaemia
• Total fertility rate
• Fertility rate in adolescents
• Contraceptive prevalence

Economy

Public finances

• Annual rate of inflation*
• Unemployment rate
• GDP*
• GDP growth rate*
• GNP/caput *
• GNP/caput average annual growth rate*
• Percentage of population below $1 a day
• Percentage of labour force in agriculture*
• Percentage of labour force in industry*
• Percentage of labour force in services*
• Female as percent of total labor force
• Percentage of expenditure on food
• Self sufficiency ratio*
• Central government expenditure allocated to health
• Percentage of routine vaccines financed by goverment
• Central government expenditure allocated to education
• Central government expenditure allocated to defense*
• Gross domestic investment*
• Percentage of agriculture in GDP *
• Percentage of industry in GDP*
• Percentage of services in GDP*
• Percentage of manufacturing in GDP*

External trade

• Exports of goods and services*
• Imports of goods and services*
• Production and trade changes or shortfalls*
• Food import bill as percentage of total export earnings*
• Import dependency ratios*
• Food imports*
• Food aid as percent of total cereal imports*
• Food aid imports*

Local markets

• Dollar retail prices of basic food commodities*
• Map of surplus and deficit production areas
• Map of terrain and transport infrastructure
• Average transport costs per ton/kilometre in US dollars
• Paved roads as percentage of total road distance
• Transport network overlaid on population density map

Income and entitlements

• Household income or expenditure in dollar terms
• Percentage of population under the official poverty line
• Average daily wage rate in US dollars for manual labour
• Average rural wage rates in US dollars
• Average urban wage rates in US dollars
• Labour force participation rate
• Average land holding size per agriculture worker
• Percentage of agricultural labour force that is landless

Risks, shocks and hazards

Biological

1. Main animal pests and diseases indicators
• Prevalence and incidence of Rinderpest (cattle plague), Contagious Bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), Contagious Caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD), Rift Valley Fever (RVF), African Swine Fever (ASF), Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), Trypanosomiasis
• Livestock population (cattle, small ruminants, poultry and wild life)
• Number of outbreaks of Rinderpest, CBPP, CCPP, FMD, RVF, ASF, PPR per year and per geographic location
• Immunization coverage of cattle and small ruminants
• Population at risk
• Morbidity rate
• Mortality rate
• Ecozone for predictive analysis
2. Main plant pests and diseases indicators

Monitoring, delimiting and detecting surveys determine:

• Location and geo-coordinates of infestation
• Infesting species and density
• Area infested, geographic distribution and surface area damaged
• Estimates of rainfall and vegetation stage (remote sensing data)
• Estimated size and direction of displacement

of transboundary migratory pests (such as African armyworm, Australian plague locust, Brown locust, Central American Locust, Desert locust, Italian locust, Madagascar migratory locust, Moroccan locust, Migratory locust, Red-billed Quelea, Red locust, Senegalese grasshopper, South American locust) and other pests (rats, birds, nematodes, fungi, viruses, bacteria).

Environmental

• Floods, earthquakes, droughts, cyclones and hurricanes
• Cold cloud duration (CCD)
• Toxic pollutants

Socio-political

• Civil conflicts, disturbances and wars
• Transitory political upheavals
• Economic shocks (crisis) and devaluation of local currency*

Environment, natural resources and population

Demography-population data

• Population annual growth rate
• Population density
• Dependency ratio age 0-14 years
• Percentage of population aged 15-64 years
• Dependency ratio age 65 years and over
• Female population
• Female population aged 15-49 years
• Percentage of urban and rural population
• Urban and rural population growth rate (migration)
• Life expectancy at birth female and male
• Crude death rate
• Crude birth rate

Climate and geophysical characteristics

• Terrain and soils types and characteristics
• Agroecological zone (length of growing period, climate, thermal regime, rainfall)
• Topography (hypsometry and physiography)
• Relief and vegetation (normalised difference vegetation index- NDVI)
• Biomass
• Geology
• Hydrography and water resources
• Land use
• Land area
• Agricultural area
• Permanent pasture
• Forests and woodland
• Permanent crops
• Arable land/caput
• Percentage of crop area under irrigation

Agriculture and food production and distribution

• Total agricultural production annual growth*
• Major food crops production (cereals, pulses, roots & tubers, etc.)
• Agriculture production index number (PIN)*
• Agriculture PIN/caput*
• Food PIN*
• Food PIN/caput*
• Livestock PIN*
• Livestock PIN/caput*
• Livestock production (cattle, swine, sheep, goat, poultry, buffalo, equines and camels)
• Grain fed to livestock as percentage of total grain consumption
• Marine fishery production by region
• Total marine catch by region
• Marine fish, molluscs, crustaceans and other catch by region
• Total freshwater catch
• Aquaculture production (marine and freshwater fish, molluscs, crustaceans and other)
• Fertilizer production

Education

• Adult literacy rate (male and female)
• Gross and net primary school enrolment ratio (male and female)
• Children reaching grade 5 of primary school (male and female)
• Gross secondary school enrolment ratio (male and female)