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FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITION

Pre-crisis trends indicated that per capita food availability would increase by about 10 percent between 1993 and 2020 with daily calorie consumption per person rising from 2,684 to 2,945. Although per capita food availability would improve in all major regions, the level of improvement would be small in some regions. The most devastating impact of a severe crisis, however, would be on the food security of Asian countries. Energy intake would drop by about 140 calories per person per day in developing countries, with Southeast Asian consumption dropping by 291 calories to 2,647. Small-scale farmers and the rural and urban poor in developing Asia would be hit hardest by declines in income levels. But in some regions e.g. Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and West Asia/North Africa-calorie availability would actually improve slightly because of price-induced increases in food consumption. If pre-crisis trends had continued, the number of malnourished children under the age of five would have decreased by 23 percent in developing countries. But as a result of the Asian economic crisis, the number of malnourished children could rise substantially in comparison with the baseline projection. In the severe-crisis scenario the number of malnourished children in developing countries will increase by 15 million (from 143 to 158 million) by 2020. In the moderate scenario, the human cost would still be an additional 3 million children without adequate food. In the severe crisis scenario, the number of malnourished children will increase by 11 million in South Asia, by almost 3 million in China, and by 2 million in Southeast Asia. They end by saying the number of malnourished children will decline slightly in developing regions outside Asia as a result of lower food prices.

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