Table 1. Fisheries production of China (1949-1997)
Volume: mt.
Year |
Total production |
Marine capture |
Marine aquaculture |
Inland capture |
Inland aquaculture |
1949 |
447 927 |
342 927 |
5 000 |
85 000 |
15 000 |
1950 |
911 539 |
535 579 |
10 000 |
300 000 |
65 960 |
1951 |
1 332 010 |
784 817 |
30 000 |
400 000 |
117 193 |
1952 |
1 666 266 |
1 000 062 |
60 000 |
470 204 |
136 000 |
1953 |
1 899 739 |
1 148 135 |
70 000 |
499 604 |
182 000 |
1954 |
2 293 482 |
1 305 390 |
87 822 |
622 311 |
277 959 |
1955 |
2 517 886 |
1 549 129 |
106 927 |
542 773 |
319 057 |
1956 |
2 647 547 |
1 642 039 |
64 288 |
602 312 |
338 908 |
1957 |
3 116 214 |
1 814 811 |
122 139 |
614 457 |
564 807 |
1958 |
2 811 062 |
1 623 934 |
83 984 |
549 290 |
553 854 |
1959 |
3 089 188 |
1 753 607 |
105 031 |
634 240 |
596 310 |
1960 |
3 037 823 |
1 748 795 |
120 860 |
668 523 |
499 645 |
1961 |
2 304 628 |
1 336 236 |
90 584 |
528 630 |
349 178 |
1962 |
2 283 006 |
1 409 953 |
88 246 |
469 931 |
314 876 |
1963 |
2 614 246 |
1 670 668 |
91 330 |
495 951 |
635 297 |
1964 |
2 804 134 |
1 803 509 |
76 042 |
524 340 |
400 243 |
1965 |
2 984 297 |
1 909 756 |
104 293 |
455 797 |
514 451 |
1966 |
3 098 072 |
2 056 356 |
119 985 |
396 933 |
524 798 |
1967 |
3 051 581 |
2 052 675 |
139 779 |
358 961 |
500 166 |
1968 |
2 711 072 |
1 775 506 |
144 454 |
305 319 |
485 793 |
1969 |
2 899 297 |
1 890 658 |
155 952 |
305 924 |
546 763 |
1970 |
3 184 525 |
2 097 147 |
183 641 |
321 717 |
582 020 |
1971 |
3 495 904 |
2 330 653 |
229 361 |
315 927 |
619 963 |
1972 |
3 842 326 |
2 658 658 |
255 866 |
306 682 |
621 120 |
1973 |
3 931 054 |
2 690 684 |
220 578 |
361 032 |
658 760 |
1974 |
4 282 181 |
3 005 872 |
248 519 |
317 253 |
710 546 |
1975 |
4 411 760 |
3 063 017 |
278 699 |
312 369 |
752 675 |
1976 |
4 476 127 |
3 122 281 |
297 330 |
315 827 |
740 689 |
1977 |
4 694 652 |
3 195 060 |
423 527 |
307 781 |
768 284 |
1978 |
4 653 482 |
3 145 249 |
449 538 |
296 441 |
762 254 |
1979 |
4 304 672 |
2 772 864 |
415 933 |
302 555 |
813 320 |
1980 |
4 496 985 |
2 812 689 |
444 349 |
338 472 |
901 475 |
1981 |
4 605 744 |
2 774 128 |
458 142 |
359 414 |
1 014 060 |
1982 |
5 155 050 |
3 098 364 |
494 686 |
354 824 |
1 207 176 |
1983 |
5 458 143 |
3 072 296 |
545 072 |
412 577 |
1 428 198 |
1984 |
6 193 437 |
3 305 220 |
638 510 |
438 571 |
1 811 136 |
1985 |
7 051 775 |
3 485 166 |
712 294 |
475 127 |
2 379 188 |
1986 |
8 235 475 |
3 896 140 |
857 592 |
530 249 |
2 951 494 |
1987 |
9 553 200 |
4 381 079 |
1 100 615 |
587 424 |
3 484 082 |
1988 |
10 609 739 |
4 633 306 |
1 424 519 |
654 440 |
3 897 474 |
1989 |
11 516 648 |
5 036 394 |
1 575 639 |
734 360 |
4 170 255 |
1990 |
12 370 548 |
5 508 862 |
1 624 056 |
778 507 |
4 459 114 |
1991 |
13 539 476 |
6 096 358 |
1 904 641 |
912 602 |
4 625 875 |
1992 |
15 575 658 |
6 912 314 |
2 424 613 |
900 800 |
5 337 931 |
1993 |
18 261 815 |
7 673 429 |
3 086 973 |
1 018 824 |
6 482 589 |
1994 |
21 464 073 |
8 958 917 |
3 455 998 |
1 152 562 |
7 896 596 |
1995 |
25 171 794 |
10 268 373 |
4 122 924 |
1 372 864 |
9 407 633 |
1996 |
32 881 150 |
12 489 772 |
7 639 013 |
1 762 860 |
10 989 505 |
1997 |
36 017 759 |
13 853 804 |
7 910 429 |
1 886 967 |
12 366 559 |
Table 2. Marine capture fisheries production by major species (1997)
Volume: mt.
|
Volume: mt. |
|
Finfish: |
9 387 388 |
|
|
Big yellow croaker |
69 950 |
Yellow croaker |
142 681 |
|
Hailtail |
1 014 598 |
|
Chinese herring |
77 532 |
|
Mackerel |
340 302 |
|
Pomfret |
242 547 |
|
Porgy |
71 043 |
|
Chum mackerel |
408 933 |
|
Round scad |
505 911 |
|
Anchovy |
1 201 964 |
|
Spotted sardine |
124 844 |
|
Pacific herring |
15 780 |
|
Eel |
184 843 |
|
Grouper |
30 201 |
|
Mullet |
85 967 |
|
Golden thread |
258 998 |
|
Fillfish |
296 781 |
|
Others |
4 314 433 |
|
Crustaceans: |
2 094 639 |
|
|
Prawn |
69 460 |
Southern rough shrimp |
174 967 |
|
Northern maoxia shrimp |
480 056 |
|
Swimming crab |
237 960 |
|
Mud crab |
45 749 |
|
Others |
1 086 501 |
|
Molluscs |
1 730 848 |
|
|
Cuttlefish |
235 946 |
Others |
1 494 902 |
|
Seaweeds: |
18 427 |
|
Others: |
622 502 |
|
|
Jelly fish |
400 483 |
Others |
222 019 |
|
Total |
13 853 804 |
Table 3. The percentage of aquaculture production on total fisheries production
Volume: 000 mt.
Year |
Total fisheries production |
Capture fisheries production |
Aquaculture production |
Percent aquaculture production on total production
% |
1949 |
448 |
428 |
20 |
4.46 |
1950 |
912 |
636 |
76 |
8.33 |
1951 |
1 332 |
1 185 |
147 |
11.03 |
1952 |
1 666 |
1 470 |
196 |
11.76 |
1953 |
1 900 |
1 648 |
252 |
13.26 |
1954 |
2 294 |
1 928 |
366 |
15.95 |
1955 |
2 518 |
2 092 |
426 |
16.91 |
1956 |
2 648 |
2 245 |
403 |
15.21 |
1957 |
3 116 |
2 429 |
687 |
22.04 |
1958 |
2 811 |
2 173 |
638 |
22.69 |
1959 |
3 089 |
2 388 |
701 |
22.69 |
1960 |
3 038 |
2 417 |
621 |
20.44 |
1961 |
2 305 |
1 865 |
440 |
19.08 |
1962 |
2 283 |
1 880 |
403 |
17.65 |
1963 |
2 614 |
2 167 |
447 |
17.10 |
1964 |
2 804 |
2 328 |
476 |
16.97 |
1965 |
2 984 |
2 366 |
518 |
20.71 |
1966 |
3 098 |
2 453 |
645 |
20.81 |
1967 |
3 052 |
2 412 |
640 |
20.96 |
1968 |
2 711 |
2 081 |
630 |
23.23 |
1969 |
2 899 |
2 197 |
702 |
24.21 |
1970 |
3 185 |
2 419 |
766 |
24.05 |
1971 |
3 496 |
2 647 |
849 |
24.28 |
1972 |
3 842 |
2 965 |
877 |
22.82 |
1973 |
3 931 |
3 052 |
879 |
22.36 |
1974 |
4 282 |
3 323 |
959 |
22.39 |
1975 |
4 412 |
3 380 |
1 032 |
23.39 |
1976 |
4 476 |
3 438 |
1 038 |
23.19 |
1977 |
4 695 |
3 503 |
1 192 |
25.38 |
1978 |
4 653 |
3 441 |
1 212 |
26.04 |
1979 |
4 305 |
3 076 |
1 229 |
28.54 |
1980 |
4 497 |
3 151 |
1 346 |
29.93 |
1981 |
4 605 |
3 133 |
1 472 |
31.96 |
1982 |
5 155 |
3 453 |
1 702 |
33.01 |
1983 |
5 458 |
3 485 |
1 972 |
36.13 |
1984 |
6 193 |
3 744 |
2 449 |
39.54 |
1985 |
7 052 |
3 960 |
3 091 |
43.83 |
1986 |
8 236 |
4 426 |
3 810 |
46.26 |
1987 |
9 553 |
4 968 |
4 585 |
47.99 |
1988 |
10 609 |
5 287 |
5 322 |
50.16 |
1989 |
11 516 |
5 770 |
5 746 |
49.89 |
1990 |
12 371 |
6 288 |
6 083 |
49.17 |
1991 |
13 539 |
7 009 |
6 530 |
48.23 |
1992 |
15 575 |
7 813 |
7 762 |
49.83 |
1993 |
18 261 |
8 692 |
9 569 |
52.40 |
1994 |
21 464 |
10 111 |
11 353 |
52.89 |
1995 |
25 171 |
11 641 |
13 530 |
53.75 |
1996 |
32 881 |
14 252 |
18 628 |
56.65 |
1997 |
36 017 |
15 740 |
20 276 |
56.29 |
Table 4. Freshwater Culture Species
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Silver carp |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix |
Big head carp |
Aristichthys nobilis |
Grass carp |
Ctenopharyngodon idellus |
Black carp |
Mylopharyngodon piceus |
Common carp |
Cyprinus carpio |
Crucian carp |
Carassius carassius |
Prussian carp |
Carassius auratus gibelio |
Deep crucian carp |
Carassius auratus cuvieri |
White bream |
Parabramis pekinensis |
Chinese bream |
Megalobrama amblycephala |
Mud carp |
Cirrhina molitorella |
Large icefish
|
Protosalanx hyalocranius |
Neosalanx tankahkeii |
|
Tilapia
|
Tilapia nilotica |
T. mossambic x T. nilotica |
|
- |
Colossoma brachypomum |
- |
Micropterus salmoides |
Rainbow trout |
Salmo gairdnerii irideus |
Eel |
Anguilla japonica |
Freshwater catfish
|
Clarias lazera |
Clarias fuscus |
|
Clarias batrachus |
|
Clarias macrocephalus |
|
Channel catfish |
Ictalurus punetatus |
Brown bullhead |
Ictalurus nebulosus |
Giant catfish |
Pangasius suthi |
Catfish |
Silurus asotus |
Mandarin fish |
Siniperca chuatsi |
Black bass |
Micropterus salmoides |
Freshwater yellowtail
|
Xenocypris argentea |
Xenocypris davidi |
|
Yellowfin
|
Plagiognathops microlepis |
Distoechodon tumirostris |
|
Mrigal |
Cirrhina mrigala |
- |
Labeo rohita |
Tench |
Tinca tinca |
Catla |
Catla catla |
Oriental river prawn |
Macrobrachium nipponensis |
Giant freshwater prawn |
Macrobrachium rosenbergii |
Hainan river prawn |
Macrobrachium hainanense |
Chinese mitter-handed |
|
crab (river crab ) |
Eriocheir sinensis |
Soft-shelled turtle |
Pelochelys bibroni |
Freshwater mussel
|
Hyriopsis cumingii |
Critaria plicata |
|
Bull frog |
Rana catesbeiana |
Table 5. Marine Culture Species
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Bloody clam |
Tegillar granosa |
Razor clam |
Solen grandis |
Constricted tagelus |
Sinonovacula constricta |
Common blue mussel |
Mytilus edulis |
Hard shelled mussel |
Mytilus crassitesta |
Mussel |
Mytilus smaragdimus |
Farrer' scallop |
Chlamys farreri |
Noble scallop |
Chlamys nobilis |
Ezo scallop |
Pecten yessoensis |
Bay scallop |
Argopecten irradians |
Oyster
|
Ostrea plicatala |
Ostrea rivularis |
|
Ostrea gigas |
|
Ostrea talienwhanensis |
|
Disk abalone |
Haliotis discus |
Variously colored abalone |
Haliotis diversicolor |
Common orient clam |
Meretrix lusoria |
Asiatic hard clam |
Meretrix meretrix |
Small-neck clam |
Ruditapes spp. |
Surf clam
|
Mactra antiquata |
Mactra veneriformis |
|
Mactra chinensis |
|
Clam
|
Scapharca broughtonii |
Scapharca subcrenata |
|
Pearl shell
|
Pinctade martensii |
Pinctade maxima |
|
Kelp |
Laminaria japonica |
Laver
|
Porphyra ratianensis |
Porphyra yezoensis |
|
Algae
|
Gracilaria spp. |
Undaria pinnatifida |
|
Gelidium amansii |
|
Eucheuma muricatum |
|
Sea cucumber |
Apostichopus japonicus |
Fleshy prawn |
Penaeus chinensis |
Giant tiger prawn |
Penaeus monodon |
Red tail prawn |
Penaeus penicillatus |
Banana prawn |
Penaeus merguiensis |
Jinga shrimp |
Metapenaeus affinis |
Crab |
Scylla serrata |
Red porgy |
Pagrosomus major |
Black porgy |
Sparus macrocephalus |
Flounder |
Paralichthys olivaceus |
Gizzard shad |
Clupanodon punctatus |
Tiger puffer |
Fugu rubripes |
Nibe croaker |
Nibea mitsukurii |
Grouper |
Epinephelus spp. |
Sea perch |
Lateolabrax japonicus |
Mullet
|
Mugil cephalus |
Mugil so-iuy |
|
Shrimp |
Palaemon carinicauda |
Spottedtail goby |
Synechogobius ommaturus |
Japanese needlefish |
Hemiramphus sajori |
Puffer fishes |
Tetraodontidae spp. |
Roughskin sculpin |
Trachidermis fasciatus |
Milk-fish |
Chanos chanos |
Tilapia |
Tilapia nilotica |
Fatty barracuda |
Sphyraena pinguis |
Sea urchin |
Hemicemtrotus pulcherrimus |
Purple sea urchin |
Anthocidaris cdassispina |
Table 6. Aquaculture areas in China (1978-1997)
Area: ha.
Year |
Marine aquaculture area |
Freshwater aquaculture area |
Total aquaculture area |
1978 |
100 594 |
2 722 846 |
2 823 440 |
1979 |
116 466 |
2 737 754 |
2 854 220 |
1980 |
133 560 |
2 864 146 |
2 997 706 |
1981 |
138 520 |
2 880 260 |
3 018 780 |
1982 |
162 534 |
3 050 646 |
3 213 180 |
1983 |
186 706 |
3 082 647 |
3 293 533 |
1984 |
242 620 |
3 259 533 |
3 502 153 |
1985 |
277 026 |
3 687 467 |
3 964 493 |
1986 |
325 186 |
3 787 940 |
4 113 126 |
1987 |
369 260 |
3 859 340 |
4 228 600 |
1988 |
413 261 |
3 894 972 |
4 308 233 |
1989 |
423 210 |
3 812 280 |
4 235 490 |
1990 |
428 940 |
3 834 730 |
4 263 670 |
1991 |
449 370 |
3 866 010 |
4 315 380 |
1992 |
499 040 |
3 977 140 |
4 476 180 |
1993 |
587 540 |
4 160 430 |
4 747 970 |
1994 |
653 530 |
4 448 980 |
5 102 510 |
1995 |
715 750 |
4 669 340 |
5 385 090 |
1996 |
822 073 |
4 857 940 |
5 680 013 |
1997 |
937 933 |
4 954 837 |
5 892 770 |
Table 7. Inland aquaculture by major species (1993-1997)
Volume: mt.
Species |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
Silver Carp & Bighead Carp |
2 708 534 |
3 193 157 |
3 713 271 |
4 200 575 |
4 605 697 |
Grass Carp |
1 464 945 |
1 789 591 |
2 070 988 |
2 407 908 |
2 632 364 |
Chinese Bream |
218 926 |
281 625 |
335 934 |
379 148 |
434 896 |
Common Carp |
891 624 |
1 127 596 |
1 398 618 |
1 591 508 |
1 761 283 |
Crucian Carp |
291 529 |
385 220 |
533 740 |
689 905 |
858 455 |
Tilapia |
191 257 |
235 940 |
314 093 |
394 303 |
485 459 |
Black Carp |
65 638 |
102 838 |
102 574 |
118 872 |
137 515 |
Mandarin fish |
17 641 |
28 051 |
36 777 |
58 437 |
68 117 |
Giant freshwater prawn |
3 809 |
14 498 |
25 711 |
37 363 |
42 851 |
River crab |
17 437 |
31 227 |
41 515 |
62 631 |
100 661 |
Soft-shelled turtle |
4 427 |
9 360 |
17 445 |
32 004 |
44 460 |
Eel |
- |
- |
- |
147 316 |
167 208 |
Others |
606 822 |
797 493 |
816 967 |
817 654 |
1 027 593 |
Total |
6 482 589 |
7 896 596 |
407 633 |
10 937 624 |
12 366 559 |
Table 8. Aquaculture production, area and per hectare yield (1997)
|
Production |
Area* |
Production per hectare |
|
( mt ) |
('000 ha) |
(kg/ha) |
||
Marine aquaculture: |
7 910 429 |
937.93 |
8 434 |
|
|
Shallow sea |
3 718 829 |
167.85 |
22 155 |
Bay and Gulf |
484 020 |
180 431 |
2 683 |
|
Mud flat |
3 707 580 |
589.65 |
6 288 |
|
Inland aquaculture: |
12 366 559 |
4 954.84 |
2 389 |
|
|
Pond |
8 922 797 |
1 994.21 |
4 474 |
Lake |
810 055 |
879.66 |
921 |
|
Reservoir |
1 165 075 |
1 567.97 |
743 |
|
River and Ditch |
602 275 |
370.98 |
1 623 |
|
Paddy field |
455 083 |
1 304.60 |
349 |
|
Others |
411 272 |
142.02 |
2 896 |
|
Total |
20 276 988 |
5 892.77 |
- |
* 1.3 million ha paddy fields not included.
Table 8a. Inland aquaculture production by environment (1979-1997)
Volume: mt.
Year |
Total |
Pond |
Lake |
Reservoir |
River & Ditch |
Others |
Paddy field |
1979 |
813 320 |
544 691 |
75 079 |
105 945 |
87 605 |
- |
- |
1980 |
901 475 |
620 528 |
73 881 |
111 966 |
82 154 |
12 946 |
10 549 |
1981 |
1 014 060 |
718 961 |
67 568 |
118 705 |
87 010 |
21 816 |
14 047 |
1982 |
1 207 176 |
870 948 |
77 329 |
133 424 |
92 343 |
33 132 |
24 229 |
1983 |
1 428 198 |
1 030 775 |
91 068 |
149 522 |
102 784 |
17 719 |
36 330 |
1984 |
1 811 136 |
1 322 082 |
104 602 |
175 586 |
129 023 |
23 527 |
36 316 |
1985 |
2 379 188 |
1 749 364 |
143 691 |
206 434 |
161 250 |
36 750 |
81 699 |
1986 |
2 951 494 |
2 193 795 |
178 669 |
236 076 |
197 685 |
47 451 |
97 818 |
1987 |
3 484 082 |
2 617 978 |
207 814 |
278 572 |
219 741 |
53 650 |
106 327 |
1988 |
3 897 474 |
2 933 786 |
229 361 |
308 746 |
241 047 |
66 343 |
118 191 |
1989 |
4 170 255 |
3 143 887 |
245 326 |
338 724 |
255 521 |
61 874 |
124 923 |
1990 |
4 459 114 |
3 370 527 |
267 340 |
359 835 |
263 749 |
66 826 |
130 837 |
1991 |
4 625 875 |
3 483 078 |
264 941 |
400 959 |
260 754 |
69 397 |
146 746 |
1992 |
5 337 931 |
4 025 591 |
313 261 |
461 623 |
287 977 |
88 540 |
160 939 |
1993 |
6 482 589 |
4 904 343 |
368 908 |
541 438 |
327 793 |
154 740 |
185 367 |
1994 |
7 896 596 |
5 968 965 |
476 272 |
656 836 |
387 002 |
200 606 |
206 915 |
1995 |
9 407 633 |
6 952 742 |
585 300 |
815 076 |
464 370 |
317 203 |
272 942 |
1996 |
10 989 505 |
8 042 474 |
706 242 |
988 357 |
561 001 |
314 670 |
376 761 |
1997 |
12 366 559 |
8 922 797 |
810 055 |
1 165 075 |
602 275 |
411 274 |
455 083 |
Table 8b. Inland aquaculture area by environment (1979-1997)*
Area: 000 ha.
Year |
Total |
Pond |
Lake |
Reservoir |
River & Ditch |
Others |
1979 |
2 737.75 |
753.99 |
484.79 |
1 254.04 |
244.92 |
- |
1980 |
2 864.14 |
821.51 |
528.83 |
1 266.66 |
274.14 |
- |
1981 |
2 880.26 |
847.62 |
492.56 |
1 281.13 |
258.94 |
- |
1982 |
3 050.64 |
918.8 |
576.01 |
1 298.75 |
253.64 |
3.43 |
1983 |
3 082.64 |
964.92 |
556.9 |
1 298.28 |
251.18 |
11.34 |
1984 |
3 259.53 |
1 070.63 |
537.04 |
1 334.54 |
281.3 |
36.02 |
1985 |
3 643.63 |
1 257.60 |
622.68 |
1 375.66 |
310.28 |
77.39 |
1986 |
3 787.94 |
1 335.37 |
657.95 |
1 402.06 |
328.27 |
64.27 |
1987 |
3 859.34 |
1 349.40 |
645.95 |
1 429.70 |
324.88 |
64.4 |
1988 |
3 894.97 |
1 421.34 |
636.59 |
1 441.51 |
337.64 |
57.88 |
1989 |
3 812.28 |
1 411.55 |
609.81 |
1 407.60 |
331.86 |
51.48 |
1990 |
3 834.72 |
1 451.43 |
615.77 |
1 421.59 |
331.98 |
49.94 |
1991 |
3 866.00 |
1 421.12 |
635.14 |
1 431.98 |
327.52 |
50.1 |
1992 |
3 977.14 |
1 472.44 |
701.51 |
1 426.05 |
321.92 |
55.22 |
1993 |
4 160.43 |
1 596.14 |
700.91 |
1 438.71 |
334.36 |
90.31 |
1994 |
4 448.98 |
1 747.50 |
764.76 |
1 482.19 |
339.53 |
115 |
1995 |
4 669.34 |
1 857.81 |
824.33 |
1 515.62 |
347.33 |
124.25 |
1996 |
4 857.94 |
1 959.78 |
884.29 |
1 521.51 |
360.83 |
131.54 |
1997 |
4 954.84 |
1 944.21 |
879.66 |
1 567.97 |
370.98 |
142.02 |
* 1.3 million ha paddy fields not included.
Table 8c. Mariculture production by major species (1983-1997)
Volume: mt.
Year |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Finfish |
10 192 |
9 358 |
13 653 |
19 036 |
29 464 |
32 671 |
36 409 |
43 345 |
47 182 |
58 716 |
71 672 |
101 110 |
144 954 |
182 155 |
254 979 |
|
Crustaceans: |
9 564 |
22 021 |
42 665 |
85 367 |
156 004 |
202 319 |
190 223 |
189 171 |
225 560 |
215 465 |
104 438 |
92 014 |
115 881 |
129 050 |
161 601 |
|
|
Prawn |
8 975 |
19 300 |
40 664 |
82 827 |
153 273 |
199 419 |
185 890 |
184 817 |
219 571 |
206 866 |
87 756 |
63 872 |
78 416 |
88 851 |
102 923 |
Molluscs: |
282 821 |
342 791 |
386 190 |
522 880 |
711 137 |
944 826 |
1 055 327 |
1 122 364 |
1 234 970 |
1 597 467 |
2 221 468 |
2 522 755 |
3 099 099 |
6 406 595 |
6 510 978 |
|
|
Mussel |
114 481 |
136 582 |
128 860 |
210 657 |
312 580 |
429 675 |
490 514 |
495 895 |
498 193 |
538 895 |
509 576 |
415 222 |
415 179 |
366 251 |
398 192 |
Scallop |
1 974 |
3 813 |
8 312 |
23 686 |
43 640 |
121 991 |
129 461 |
174 003 |
188 698 |
338 022 |
728 352 |
825 615 |
916 492 |
999 573 |
1 001 476 |
|
Razor clam |
88 999 |
110 006 |
125 717 |
126 175 |
133 597 |
140 673 |
138 467 |
140 326 |
165 230 |
198 598 |
222 819 |
252 886 |
306 749 |
342 519 |
354 152 |
|
Clam |
14 890 |
21 514 |
31 282 |
41 630 |
53 389 |
63 042 |
87 068 |
109 702 |
154 024 |
270 476 |
428 755 |
519 518 |
502 007 |
1 093 948 |
1 257 488 |
|
Blood clam |
11 067 |
14 907 |
16 686 |
24 173 |
33 386 |
33 986 |
38 795 |
41 320 |
42 041 |
41 588 |
55 568 |
71 946 |
92 242 |
131 858 |
129 518 |
|
Oyster |
35 526 |
40 588 |
50 872 |
54 994 |
65 543 |
73 965 |
73 24 |
82 354 |
87 422 |
123 008 |
168 423 |
313 476 |
373 119 |
2 284 663 |
2 328 568 |
|
Seaweeds: |
242 495 |
264 340 |
269 786 |
230 309 |
204 010 |
244 703 |
293 680 |
269 176 |
396 929 |
552 965 |
681 483 |
730 063 |
738 503 |
913 948 |
961 365 |
|
|
Kelp |
231 296 |
250 661 |
253 839 |
203 437 |
178 900 |
216 415 |
272 913 |
244 306 |
256 660 |
494 129 |
601 827 |
633 901 |
644 464 |
743 876 |
786 557 |
Total |
545 072 |
638 510 |
712 294 |
857 592 |
1 100 615 |
1 424 519 |
1 575 639 |
1 624 065 |
1 904 641 |
2 424 613 |
3 086 973 |
3 455 998 |
4 122 924 |
7 639 013 |
7 910 429 |
Table 8d. Mariculture area by major species (1983-1997)
Area: 000 ha.
Year |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Finfish |
42.06 |
45.28 |
44.26 |
44.90 |
39.19 |
40.11 |
46.38 |
47.39 |
42.30 |
46.57 |
41.80 |
56.73 |
69.52 |
66.20 |
66.73 |
|
Crustaceans: |
21.28 |
33.52 |
60.62 |
87.46 |
132.94 |
164.98 |
155.38 |
147.52 |
150.89 |
142.9 |
160.40 |
160.22 |
149.20 |
170.54 |
198.01 |
|
|
Prawn |
20.34 |
33.40 |
59.69 |
85.26 |
131.38 |
162.96 |
152.66 |
143.97 |
147.16 |
139.02 |
154.31 |
150.71 |
136.61 |
134.97 |
178.78 |
Molluscs: |
102.02 |
114.06 |
152.43 |
176.62 |
182.03 |
192.91 |
204.14 |
215.24 |
234.92 |
283.68 |
351.41 |
397.85 |
456.01 |
543.99 |
619.82 |
|
|
Mussel |
1.69 |
1.86 |
2.21 |
2.35 |
3.42 |
4.01 |
3.95 |
4.42 |
5.60 |
8.12 |
9.03 |
9.87 |
9.22 |
14.28 |
13.33 |
Scallop |
0.17 |
0.46 |
0.31 |
0.81 |
1.43 |
3.50 |
3.60 |
3.76 |
4.84 |
8.74 |
26.51 |
21.86 |
27.68 |
22.23 |
30.92 |
|
Razor clam |
14.06 |
20.06 |
19.48 |
20.53 |
19.80 |
20.71 |
22.84 |
23.61 |
24.76 |
29.63 |
27.49 |
28.07 |
34.83 |
38.89 |
41.52 |
|
Clam |
18.61 |
40.88 |
47.82 |
61.48 |
61.52 |
66.1 |
61.00 |
66.95 |
93.24 |
130.41 |
177.67 |
184.87 |
190.15 |
232.24 |
262.60 |
|
Blood clam |
6.00 |
6.65 |
7.57 |
7.37 |
7.36 |
6.96 |
7.85 |
7.23 |
7.58 |
14.18 |
11.48 |
13.13 |
17.40 |
19.04 |
18.67 |
|
Oyster |
24.88 |
27.61 |
34.73 |
36.88 |
40.22 |
42.17 |
44.05 |
45.30 |
46.22 |
56.64 |
52.36 |
61.64 |
73.54 |
83.49 |
95.21 |
|
Seaweeds: |
17.64 |
19.75 |
19.77 |
16.19 |
15.09 |
15.24 |
17.30 |
18.78 |
21.27 |
25.89 |
33.20 |
35.11 |
36.19 |
38.76 |
42.19 |
|
|
Kelp |
12.46 |
13.20 |
11.74 |
7.75 |
6.64 |
6.39 |
9.50 |
10.92 |
11.54 |
14.43 |
18.23 |
18.18 |
17.81 |
20.08 |
21.72 |
Total |
186.70 |
242.62 |
277.02 |
325.18 |
369.26 |
413.26 |
423.20 |
428.94 |
449.40 |
499.04 |
587.54 |
653.53 |
715.75 |
822.07 |
937.93 |
Table 8e. Aquaculture per hectare average yield (1985-1997)
Unit: kg/ha.
Year |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Marine aquaculture: |
||||||||||||||
|
Finfish |
315 |
300 |
750 |
810 |
780 |
915 |
1 110 |
1 260 |
1 715 |
1 782 |
2 085 |
2 752 |
3 821 |
Prawn |
675 |
975 |
1 050 |
1 230 |
1 215 |
1 275 |
1 485 |
1 485 |
569 |
424 |
574 |
617 |
576 |
|
Mussel |
58 215 |
89 535 |
91 425 |
107 055 |
120 030 |
112 200 |
88 860 |
66 360 |
56 431 |
42 069 |
45 030 |
25 657 |
29 881 |
|
Scallop |
26 535 |
29 145 |
30 450 |
34 785 |
35 955 |
39 090 |
38 985 |
38 670 |
27 475 |
37 768 |
33 110 |
44 961 |
32 391 |
|
Oyster |
1 350 |
1 500 |
1 635 |
1 755 |
1 665 |
1 815 |
1 890 |
2 175 |
3 217 |
5 105 |
5 074 |
27 365 |
24 458 |
|
Kelp |
21 630 |
26 235 |
26 940 |
30 060 |
28 910 |
22 380 |
30 900 |
34 245 |
33 013 |
34 868 |
36 186 |
37 046 |
36 213 |
|
Laver |
2 070 |
2 160 |
1 965 |
2 430 |
1 455 |
1 410 |
1 590 |
1 800 |
1 661 |
2 143 |
2 024 |
2 029 |
2 009 |
|
Inland aquaculture: |
||||||||||||||
|
Pond |
1 395 |
1 650 |
1 875 |
2 070 |
2 220 |
2 385 |
2 445 |
2 730 |
3 073 |
3 416 |
3 742 |
4 104 |
4 474 |
Lake |
240 |
150 |
315 |
360 |
405 |
435 |
420 |
450 |
526 |
623 |
710 |
799 |
921 |
|
Reservoir |
150 |
165 |
195 |
210 |
240 |
255 |
285 |
330 |
376 |
443 |
538 |
650 |
743 |
|
River & Ditch |
525 |
600 |
675 |
720 |
765 |
795 |
795 |
900 |
980 |
1 140 |
1 337 |
1 555 |
1 623 |
Table 9a. Production, cost and return in various freshwater culture environment (1995)
|
Pond |
Paddy field |
Lake |
Number of surveyed groups or households |
2 534 |
237 |
301 |
Number of labourers |
6 054 |
427 |
568 |
Culture areas (ha) |
4 273 |
86 |
1 972 |
Production (mt) |
23 724 |
50 |
2 052 |
Per unit production (kg/ha) |
5 552 |
581 |
1 040 |
Income ('000 yuan) |
138 749 |
416 |
9 195 |
Cost ('000 yuan) |
84 835 |
99 |
5 597 |
Taxes ('000 yuan) |
2 566 |
9 |
383 |
Contract fees ('000 yuan) |
13 327 |
- |
1 092 |
Net income ('000 yuan) |
38 020 |
307 |
2 122 |
Labourer per capita income (yuan/person) |
6 280 |
720 |
3 736 |
Average net income per ha (yuan/ha) |
8 898 |
3 577 |
1 076 |
Table 9b. Production, cost and return in mariculture of various species groups (1995)
|
Prawn |
Mussel |
Scallop |
Oyster |
Kelp |
Number of surveyed groups or households |
210 |
9 |
50 |
64 |
15 |
Number of labourers |
329 |
119 |
822 |
242 |
188 |
Culture areas (ha) |
76 |
76 |
351 |
159 |
95 |
Production (mt) |
151 |
5 219 |
13 830 |
507 |
2 667 |
Per unit production (kg/ha) |
235 |
68 671 |
39 420 |
3 189 |
28 074 |
Income ('000 yuan) |
7 959 |
1 685 |
42 411 |
9 591 |
7 184 |
Cost ('000 yuan) |
4 606 |
789 |
26 535 |
6 602 |
3 351 |
Taxes ('000 yuan) |
163 |
166 |
1 540 |
217 |
491 |
Contract fees ('000 yuan) |
627 |
6 |
8 682 |
51 |
298 |
Net income ('000 yuan) |
2 561 |
723 |
5 834 |
2 719 |
3 043 |
Labourer per capita income (yuan/person) |
6 534 |
6 081 |
7 097 |
11 237 |
16 189 |
Average net income per ha (yuan/ha) |
3 990 |
9 521 |
16 621 |
17 103 |
32 037 |
Table 10. Percentage of fisheries production value in agriculture production value (1978-1997)
Year |
Fisheries production value (billion yuan ) |
Percent in agriculture production value (%
) |
1978 |
2.03 |
1.6 |
1979 |
1.96 |
1.5 |
1980 |
2.11 |
1.7 |
1981 |
4.05 |
2.0 |
1982 |
4.55 |
2.1 |
1983 |
4.94 |
2.3 |
1984 |
5.81 |
2.7 |
1985 |
6.91 |
3.5 |
1986 |
8.33 |
4.1 |
1987 |
9.84 |
4.8 |
1988 |
10.98 |
5.5 |
1989 |
11.76 |
3.4 |
1990 |
12.94 |
6.5 |
1991 |
57.39 |
6.8 |
1992 |
66.18 |
7.4 |
1993 |
78.36 |
8.1 |
1994 |
94.24 |
8.2 |
1995 |
111.15 |
8.4 |
1996 |
131.98 |
8.6 |
1997 |
155.83 |
9.3 |
Table 11. Fisherman's/fishfarmer's average annual income in China (1978-1997)
Year |
Household per head income (yuan) |
Labourer per head income (yuan) |
1978 |
93 |
269 |
1979 |
126 |
349 |
1980 |
171 |
452 |
1981 |
199 |
551 |
1982 |
233 |
689 |
1983 |
320 |
794 |
1984 |
444 |
1 128 |
1985 |
626 |
1 557 |
1986 |
725 |
1 733 |
1987 |
1 051 |
2 543 |
1988 |
1 517 |
3 472 |
1989 |
1 323 |
2 837 |
1990 |
1 392 |
3 232 |
1991 |
1 560 |
3 458 |
1992 |
1 726 |
3 704 |
1993 |
2 294 |
4 843 |
1994 |
2 808 |
5 592 |
1995 |
3 545 |
7 147 |
1996 |
3 826 |
6 900 |
1997 |
3 974 |
6 846 |
Table 11a. Average income of aquaculture households, 1996 and 1997
|
Households surveyed |
Family members |
Labourer |
Per capita net income (Yuan) |
Average net income of labourer (Yuan) |
|||||
1996 |
1997 |
1996 |
1997 |
1996 |
1997 |
1996 |
1997 |
1996 |
1997 |
|
Beijing |
70 |
60 |
286 |
233 |
149 |
137 |
4 086 |
7 881 |
7 842 |
14 459 |
Tianjin |
20 |
20 |
71 |
69 |
33 |
34 |
5 645 |
7 491 |
12 145 |
15 202 |
Heilongjiang |
208 |
243 |
941 |
1 027 |
454 |
515 |
3 221 |
5 119 |
6 675 |
10 208 |
Henan |
120 |
180 |
560 |
811 |
290 |
456 |
2 198 |
3 356 |
4 244 |
5 969 |
Sichuan |
226 |
171 |
876 |
641 |
519 |
383 |
1 510 |
2 777 |
2 550 |
4 648 |
Jiangxi |
188 |
- |
869 |
- |
380 |
- |
2 766 |
- |
6 325 |
6 325 |
Hubei |
307 |
- |
1 297 |
- |
716 |
- |
4 550 |
- |
8 241 |
8 241 |
Total/Average |
1 139 |
674 |
4 900 |
2 781 |
2 541 |
1 515 |
3 425 |
5 325 |
6 860 |
10 097 |
Table 11b. Per capita income of agriculture and aquaculture households (1997)
Unit: yuan
|
Per capita income of agriculture households |
Per capita income of aquaculture households |
Beijing |
3 661 |
7 881 |
Tianjin |
3 243 |
7 491 |
Heilongjiang |
2 308 |
5 119 |
Henan |
1 733 |
3 356 |
Sichuan |
1 680 |
2 777 |
Average |
2 525 |
5 324 |
Table 12. Aquaculture full-time labourers in China (1989-1997)
Year |
Marine aquaculture labourers |
Freshwater aquaculture labourers |
Total aquaculture labourers |
1989 |
232 265 |
1 297 818 |
1 530 083 |
1990 |
257 119 |
1 483 880 |
1 740 999 |
1991 |
276 880 |
1 592 626 |
1 869 506 |
1992 |
296 590 |
1 649 360 |
1 945 950 |
1993 |
355 943 |
1 918 445 |
2 274 388 |
1994 |
365 933 |
2 295 411 |
2 661 344 |
1995 |
398 715 |
2 470 778 |
2 869 493 |
1996 |
419 486 |
2 654 932 |
3 074 418 |
1997 |
459 177 |
2 833 380 |
3 292 497 |
1. JapanFig. 2. Map of PRC showing the provinces and their aquaculture production (Inland/Marine, '000 mt.) (1997)
2. R. O. Korea
3. D. P. R Korea
4. Russia
5. Mongolia
6. Kazakhstan
7. Kirghizstan
8. Tadzhikistan
9. Afghanistan
10. Pakistan
11. India
12. Nepal
13. Sikkim
14. Bhutan
15. Bangladesh
16. Sri Lanka
17. Myanmar
18. Thailand
19. Malaysia
20. Singapor
21. Indonesia
22. Kampuchea
23. Los
24. Vietnam
25. Philippines
Fig. 3. Organizational structure of the Bureau of Fisheries
Fig. 4. Organizational structure of China Academy of Fisheries Science