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COUNTRY
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INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS
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LEGAL ASPECTS
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G.O.(a)
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N.G.O(b)
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Research organizations
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National law
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Energy crops
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Financial
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Fuel(emissions/standards)
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Austria
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Research and Sciences, Environment, Agriculture Economic Affairs Energy Commissioners, Energy Efficiency Agencies
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AMA, NÜTEK, A.B.A, BLT WIESELBURG, JOANNEUM RESEARCH
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Universities
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Federal Constitution of Austria
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Incentives for production, conversion and utilization
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Federal Government's subsidies, Provincial Governments subsidies
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Emission standards are determined by federal rules
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Belgium
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Federal government, Governments of each Regions
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ERBE, VITO, BELBIOM
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Universities
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No RE program on a National level, only for the Wallonia and Flemish
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"set-aside" policy
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No subsidies or loans (conversion); "green frank" (utilization)
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No limits for wood fired emissions; no wood fuels standard
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| Czech Republic
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A State investment support program will be in force briefly
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Denmark
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Environment, Energy, Agricultural Ministries, DEA, RE Council, EC Committee
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Carl Bo Group, Cowi consult, DTI, Elsamproject,
Hedeselskabet, Center of biomass technology
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Biomass Institute,
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Electricity Act (1996)
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"set-aside" policy
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Cheap loans, subsidies of up 50%
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Fuel emission standards concerning CO, NOx and particulate are set
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| Finland
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Ministries of Trade and industry, of agriculture and forestry, Agrarian Party, Central Union of Farmers, local forest management associations, local agricultural centers, MOTIVA, TEKES, VTT Energy
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FINBIO,
TTS Institutes, BIOWATTI
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TEKES, VTT Energy, TTS Institutes
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Electricity Market Act (1995)
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Subsidies for investments and productions, aids to investments in heat and power plants, funds for research
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Fuel emission standards concerning CO, NOx and particulate are set
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| France
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Ministries of Industry, post, telecommunications and foreign trade, of higher education and research, of agriculture and fisheries, of environment, ADEME, AGRICE
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Biomasse normandie, Rhonalpenergie environment, AJENA, CLER, Foret energie france, CIRAD-FORET, Department des landes
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Centre National de recherche scientifique, Institut national de recherche agronomique, ADEME, CIRAD-FORET
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TIPP, Plan bois energis, EDF
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"set-aside" policy
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Grants for EC, tax relief for experimental projects, no incentives for the utilization of energy from EC
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Fuel emission standards concerning CO, NOx and particulate are set
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| Germany
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Ministries of Environment and Agriculture, Federal Sciences and technology Ministry, Federal Agricultural Ministry, FNR
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CARMEN, CENET
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Centre of Agricultural Engineering of the Technical university of Munich
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"set-aside" policy
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Subsidies for capital investments, cheap loans, direct investment grants
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Fuel emission standards concerning CO, NOx and particulate are set. Annual or continuous monitoring on plants
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| Greece
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Ministry of Development, CRES
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HELLABIOM
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Development law 2601/98
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Subsidies for research programs, income tax allowances, no incentives for the utilization of energy from EC
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No limits for wood fired emissions; no wood fuels standard
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| Hungary
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| Ireland
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"set-aside" policy
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Financial aids for SRC, capital grants and subsidies unit cost for electricity sales; no incentives for the conversion of EC
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No limits for wood fired emissions; no wood fuels standard
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| Italy
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ENEA
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ITABIA, RENAGRI, CRAM
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ENEA
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Law 9/91, law 10/91, CIP 6/92
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Investment subsidies for the production of EC, grants of up 50%
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Fuel emission standards concerning CO, NOx and particulate are set.
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| Latvia
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LATVIAN ENERGY AGENCY, Energy Center RIGA
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LATVIAN ENERGY AGENCY
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Latvia National Energy Program (1997)
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No limits for wood fired emissions; no wood fuels standard
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| Lithuania
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SINGARAS
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| The Netherlands
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Ministry of Economic Affairs, of Housing, Land use planning and environment, of Agriculture, Nature Management and fisheries; NOVEM
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CLM, BTG, KEMA, EPON
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ECN
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Environmental Action Plan
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"set-aside" policy
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Subsidy for afforestation, green funds, Vamil, tax deduction for investment and conversion, green electricity sold at a lower price
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No limits for wood fired emissions
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| Norway
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NOBIO
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| Poland
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State Forests Enterprise
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FEMOPET EC BREC-LEI, POLBIOM
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National afforestation program
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| Portugal
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Office of director of Energy,
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CBE
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National Board of Scientific Research and Technology, Instituto Nacional de Englaria e Tecnologia industrial
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Decree 189/98
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Support for the use of EC, funds to develop infrastructures project
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No limits for wood fired emissions
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| Romania
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| Slovakia
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Energy Center Bratislava
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Law on energy management, Act 70/98
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| Slovenia
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Ministry of Economic Affairs
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Slovenian Biomass Association
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| Spain
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Cientro de Investigacionnes Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologica (CIEMAT)
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Union fenosa energias especiales, Institute català d'Energia, SODEAN
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CIEMAT
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Electricity law (1997)
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"set-aside" policy
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Subsidy up to 30% of the eligible cost for the conversion, special tariff for the utilization
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No limits for wood fired emissions
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| Sweden
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Sweden National Energy Administration, NUTEK, Farmers' organizations
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SVEBIO, TPS Termiska Processer AB
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NUTEK
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"set-aside" policy
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Supports for development of clean technology, investment subsidies for the conversion of EC
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Wood fuel standards do not exist; wood fired emission standards are identified
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| Switzerland
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Federal Energy Office, Federal Office for Environment, Forestry and landscape
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Swiss Wood Fuel Association, VERENUM
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| United Kingdom
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Department of Trade and Industry, Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, ETSU, NRI
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ESD, Forestry Contracting association, LRZ
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Wood supply research group
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Environment protection Act (1990), Clean air Act (1993)
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Woodland Grant scheme; "set aside" policy
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No incentives for the conversion of EC
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No limits for wood fired emissions
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