Previous PageTable Of ContentsNext Page

8. Inventory Results (High Forest)

8.1. High Forests

Tree volume estimation data were used to estimate the volume of individual trees of the high forest. Several equations were tested but most were derived from the basic one below:

ln (Vn) = a + b ln (Hn) + C In (D)

Where Vn = net volume

Hn = net height

D = Diameter (cm) at breast height

(dbh, 1.3m) or above buttress.

These equations were used to calculate Stand Tables, Stand Volumes, Industrial volumes, Mean annual Increment (MAI) and Annual Allowable cut (AAC).

8.1.1. Stand Tables

The average number of stems per hectare by forest type, density class and utility class is shown in Table 6 while Table 7 depicts the average basal area (M3) per unit area by forest type, density class and utility class.

Table 6. Average number of stems per unit area (ha) by forest type, density class, and utility class.

Productivity Zone

Forest Type

Density Class

Utility Classes 1-5

Utility Classes 6.91

Total

East

Freshwater swamp

A2

33.3

250.0

283.3

West

"

A2

77.7

88.1

165.8

East/West3

"

A2

67.4

151.6

219.0

East

Lowland

1

51.5

108.3

159.8

West

"

1

84.6

81.1

166.4

East/West3

"

1

79.7

86.4

166.1

East

"

2

54.4

83.9

138.3

West

"

2

7.01

49.8

119.9

East/West3

"

2

62.8

66.4

129.2

East

"

3

48.1

35.4

83.5

West

"

3

55.3

34.7

90.0

East/West3

"

3

52.0

35.1

87.1

East/West3

Mangrove

A2

0.0

190.7

190.7

East

Riparian

1

24.0

80.8

104.8

West

"

1

4.0

84.0

88.0

East/West3

"

1

18.2

81.7

99.9

East

"

2

-

-

-

West

"

2

19.7

22.0

41.7

East/West3

"

2

19.4

21.9

41.3

East

"

3

5.3

16.8

21.9

West

"

3

6.6

64.3

70.9

East/West3

"

3

5.6

34.7

40.3

1 Utility class 9 includes all previously unclassified species

2 Average of all density classes

3 Weighed average (by number of plots) of productivity zones east and west.

4 No data available

Source: Beak Consultants 1998, Forest Resources Study, Main Report Volume II (Draft).

Table 7: Average basal area (m2) per unit area (ha) by forest type, density class and utility class.

Productivity Zone

Forest Type

Density Class

Utility

Classes 1-5

(m2/ha)

Utility

Classes 6-91

Total

East

Freshwater swamp

A2

2.28

14.20

16.48

West

"

A2

14.49

15.39

29.88

East/West3

"

A2

11.17

15.07

26.24

East

Lowland rain

1

8.04

10.69

18.73

West

"

1

16.45

7.08

23.53

East/West3

"

1

15.14

7.64

22.78

East

"

2

9.24

9.36

18.60

West

"

2

12.28

4.48

16.76

East/West3

"

2

10.82

6.83

17.65

East

"

3

4.33

2.75

7.08

West

"

3

13.10

3.21

16.31

East/West3

"

3

8.71

2.97

11.68

East/West3

Mangrove

A2

0.00

14.57

14.57

East

Riparian

1

4.50

9.92

14.42

West

"

1

0.22

7.29

7.51

East/West3

"

1

3.27

9.17

12.44

East4

"

2

-

-

-

West

"

2

7.06

5.24

12.30

East/West3

"

2

7.06

5.24

12.30

East

"

3

0.97

3.20

4.17

West

"

3

0.88

5.13

6.01

East/West3

"

3

0.93

3.92

4.85

Source: Beak Consultants 1998, Forest Resources Study, Main Report Vol. II, page 9-1

1 Utility Class 9 includes all previously unclassified species.

2 Average of all density classes.

3 Weighted average (by numbers of plots) of productivity zones east and west.

4 No data available.

8.1.2. Standing Volume

From the FRS, Beak Consultants have developed two types of volume tables for each of the 11 high forest species groups identified from the inventory data. They include double entry (Table 8) and single entry (Table 9) volume tables. The single entry tables are diameter based only while the double entry tables relate diameter to height. It should be noted that these volume tables exclude the bark. Table 10 is the high forest gross volumes (excluding bark) by the forest designation and type.

 

Table 8: Double entry volume table Species group: 1

Dia. Class

(cm) dbh

Volume (cu.m) by Height Class (m)

1-1.9

2-2.9

3-3.9

4-4.9

5-5.9

6-6.9

7-7.9

8-8.9

9-9.9

10-10.9

0.0-4.9

0.000

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.013

0.016

5.0-9.9

0.000

0.002

0.003

0.006

0.009

0.013

0.018

0.023

0.030

0.037

10.0-14.9

0.001

0.002

0.005

0.009

0.014

0.020

0.028

0.037

0.047

0.058

15.0-19.9

0.001

0.003

0.007

0.012

0.019

0.027

0.038

0.050

0.063

0.078

20.0-24.9

0.001

0.004

0.008

0.015

0.024

0.034

0.047

0.062

0.079

0.098

25.0-29.9

0.001

0.005

0.010

0.018

0.028

0.041

0.057

0.074

0.095

0.118

30.0-34.9

0.002

0.005

0.012

0.021

0.033

0.048

0.066

0.087

0.111

0.137

35.0-39.6

0.002

0.006

0.013

0.024

0.038

0.055

0.075

0.099

0.126

0.157

40.0-44.9

0.002

0.007

0.015

0.027

0.042

0.061

0.084

0.111

0.141

0.175

45.0-49.9

0.002

0.007

0.016

0.029

0.046

0.068

0.093

0.122

0.156

0.194

50.0-54.9

0.002

0.008

0.018

0.032

0.051

0.074

0.102

0.134

0.171

0.213

55.0-59.9

0.003

0.009

0.020

0.035

0.055

0.080

0.111

0.146

0.186

0.231

60.0-64.9

0.003

0.009

0.021

0.038

0.060

0.087

0.119

0.157

0.200

0.249

65.0-69.9

0.003

0.010

0.023

0.041

0.064

0.093

0.128

0.169

0.215

0.268

70.0-74.9

0.003

0.011

0.024

0.043

0.068

0.099

0.136

0.180

0.230

0.286

75.0-79.9

0.003

0.011

0.026

0.046

0.073

0.106

0.145

0.191

0.244

0.304

80.0-84.9

0.003

0.012

0.027

0.049

0.077

0.112

0.154

0.202

0.258

0.321

85.0-89.9

0.004

0.013

0.029

0.051

0.081

0.118

0.162

0.214

0.273

0.339

90.0-94.9

0.004

0.013

0.030

0.054

0.085

0.124

0.170

0.225

0.287

0.357

95.0-99.9

0.004

0.014

0.032

0.057

0.089

0.130

0.179

0.236

0.301

0.374

100+

0.004

0.015

0.033

0.059

0.094

0.136

0.187

0.247

0.315

0.392

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study, Vol. IV (Appendixes).

 

 

 

Table 9: Single entry volume table Species group 1

Species Group

Diameter Class (cm)

Volume (cu.m)

1

0.0-4.9

0.002

1

5.0-9.9

0.013

1

10.0-14.9

0.043

1

15.0-19.9

0.097

1

20.0-24.9

0.181

1

25.0-29.9

0.298

1

30.0-34.9

0.452

1

35.0-39.9

0.646

1

40.0-44.9

0.885

1

45.0-49.9

1.170

1

50.0-54.9

1.505

1

55.0-59.9

1.891

1

60.0-64.9

2.333

1

65.0-69.9

2.832

1

70.0-74.9

3.390

1

75.0-79.9

4.010

1

80.0-84.9

4.694

1

85.0-89.9

5.444

1

90.0-94.9

6.262

1

95.0-99.9

7.151

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study, Vol. IV (Appendices).

 

 

 

 

Table 10 – High forest gross timber volumes (excluding bark) by forest designation and forest type.

Forest Land Designation

Forest Type

Area

(ha)

Gross Volume

(m3)

Forest Reserve

Freshwater swamp

224369

23353102

 

Lowland rain

757740

98599957

 

Riparian

2547

169101

Free Area

Freshwater swamp

1424739

150814914

 

Lowland rain

912094

109544813

 

Mangrove

5314

443860

 

Riparian

80368

4526678

Game Reserve

Lowland rain

12365

1633706

 

Riparian

5492

386513

National Park

Lowland rain

369412

46878597

Total

 

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study, Vol. II page 9-3.

8.1.3. Industrial Volume Calculations (High Forest)

A sample of the Industrial Timber Volumes (by diameter class) is shown in Table 11.

Table 11: Industrial volume for east productivity zone by traditional utility classes and diameter classes.

Forest Type

Utility Class

Volume (cu.m) by Diameter Class (cm)

Total Volume (cm)

Butress Volume (cu.m)

60-79

80-99

>100

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT1

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT2

1354735

0

0

1354735

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT3

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT4

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT5

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT6

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT7

2720724

447889

0

3168612

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT8

0

0

0

0

0

Freshwater

Swamp

Forest

UT9

929612

0

0

929612

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT1

1230532

85299

415202

1731034

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT2

113221

35519

190545

339285

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT3

1063640

660970

114654

1839263

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT4

1856426

1014619

3679175

6550220

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT5

21143

64013

7184720

7269876

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT6

0

0

0

0

0

Lowland Rainforest

UT7

7606808

836830

546678

8990315

0

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study appendix 2-9-12-1

However, the summary of high forest industrial volume is depicted in Table 12.

Table 12 High Forest Industrial Volume Summary.

Forest Type

Utility Classes

1-5

(m3)

Utility Classes

6-9

(m3)

Total Volume

(m3)

Buttress Volume (m3)

Freshwater swamp

41,280,434

27,180,686

68,461,120

1,221,216

Lowland rain

96,464,890

17,748,828

114,213,718

5,003,505

Mangrove

0

77,626

77,626

477

Riparian

1,737,639

1,335,717

3,073,356

11,528

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study of Nigeria Vol. 2, page 9 –4.

8.2. Inventory Results (Plantations)

Inventory data from plantations in the study area were used to estimate tree volumes of plantations. The processes followed by Beak to accomplish this task include :

Preliminary data analysis

Data screening

Correlation analysis

Construction of site index curves

Development of site index equations

Modelling of volume-Age Relationship and

Yield projection models.

It is worth noting that only six plantation species were considered for subsequent analysis. These were Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis, Pinus spp., Eucalyptus spp., Terminalia ivorensis and Nauclea diderrichii.

8.2.1. Stand Volume Table, Major Species

Stand Volume Tables were developed for each of the six major plantation species. Table 13 depicts the Stand Volume Table for Gmelina arborea.

Table 13: Stands volumes table for Gmelina arborea

Age (years)

Volume (m3)

Age (years)

Volume (m3)

2

115.7

40

647.8

4

156.4

42

648.5

6

205.8

44

649.0

8

262.5

46

649.3

10

323.4

48

649.5

12

384.5

50

649.7

14

441.5

52

649.8

16

491.5

54

649.9

18

532.4

56

649.9

20

564.7

58

650.0

22

589.2

60

650.0

24

607.1

62

650.0

26

620.1

64

650.0

28

629.2

66

650.0

30

635.6

68

650.0

32

640.1

70

650.0

34

643.2

72

650.0

36

645.3

74

650.0

38

646.8

76

650.0

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources study. Appendices (Draft).

 

 

 

8.2.2. Yield Projection, Major Species

Yield Projection Tables were also developed for each of the six major species at different site indices and classes. Table 14 shows the Yield Projection Table for Tectona grandis (site index, 28, class 1).

Table 14 – Yield (m3/ha) projection table for Tectona grandis, site index 28, site class 1.

Age (year)

Basal Area (m2/ha)

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

4

91.6

108.3

125.0

141.7

158.4

175.1

191.9

208.6

225.3

242.0

258.7

275.4

292.1

308.8

325.6

342.3

359.0

375.7

392.4

409.1

425.8

6

97.8

114.5

131.3

148.0

164.7

181.4

198.1

214.8

231.5

248.2

265.0

281.7

298.4

315.1

331.8

348.5

365.2

382.0

398.7

415.4

432.1

8

104.0

120.7

137.4

154.1

170.8

187.6

204.3

221.0

237.7

254.4

271.1

287.8

304.5

321.3

338.0

354.7

371.4

388.1

404.3

421.5

438.3

10

110.1

126.8

143.5

160.2

176.9

193.6

210.3

227.1

243.8

260.5

277.2

293.9

310.6

327.3

344.0

360.8

377.5

394.2

410.9

427.6

444.3

12

116.1

132.8

149.5

166.2

182.9

199.6

216.3

233.0

249.8

266.5

283.2

299.9

316.6

333.3

350.0

366.7

383.5

400.2

416.9

433.6

450.3

14

122.0

138.7

155.4

172.1

188.8

205.5

222.2

238.9

255.7

272.4

289.1

305.8

322.5

339.2

355.9

372.6

389.4

406.1

422.8

439.5

456.2

16

127.8

144.5

161.2

177.9

194.6

211.3

228.0

244.8

261.5

278.2

294.9

311.6

328.3

345.0

361.8

378.5

395.2

411.9

428.6

445.3

462.0

18

133.5

150.2

166.9

183.6

200.4

217.1

233.8

250.5

267.2

283.9

300.6

317.3

334.1

350.8

367.5

384.2

400.9

417.6

434.3

451.1

467.0

20

139.2

155.9

172.6

189.3

206.0

222.7

239.4

256.1

272.9

289.6

306.3

323.0

339.7

356.4

373.1

389.9

406.6

423.3

440.0

456.7

473.4

22

144.7

161.4

178.2

194.9

211.6

228.3

245.0

261.7

278.4

295.1

311.9

328.6

345.3

362.0

378.7

395.4

412.1

428.8

445.6

462.3

479.0

24

150.2

166.9

183.6

200.4

217.1

233.8

250.5

267.2

283.9

300.6

317.3

334.1

350.8

367.5

384.2

400.9

417.6

434.3

451.1

467.8

484.5

26

155.6

172.3

189.1

205.8

222.5

239.2

255.9

272.6

289.3

306.0

322.8

339.5

356.2

372.9

389.6

406.3

423.0

439.8

456.5

473.2

489.9

28

161.0

177.7

194.4

211.1

227.8

244.5

261.2

278.0

294.7

311.4

328.1

344.8

361.5

378.2

394.9

411.7

428.4

445.1

461.8

478.5

495.2

30

166.2

182.9

199.6

216.4

233.1

249.8

266.5

283.2

299.9

316.6

333.4

350.1

366.8

383.5

400.2

416.9

433.6

450.3

467.1

483.8

500.5

32

171.4

188.1

204.8

221.5

238.3

255.0

271.7

288.4

305.1

321.8

338.5

355.3

372.0

388.7

405.4

422.1

438.8

455.5

472.2

489.0

505.7

34

176.5

193.2

209.9

226.7

243.4

260.1

276.8

293.5

310.2

326.9

343.6

360.4

377.1

393.8

410.5

427.2

443.9

460.6

477.4

494.1

510.8

36

181.6

198.3

215.0

231.7

248.4

265.1

281.8

298.5

315.3

332.0

348.7

365.4

382.1

398.8

415.5

432.3

449.0

465.7

482.4

499.1

515.8

38

186.5

203.2

219.9

236.7

253.4

270.1

286.8

303.5

320.2

336.9

353.6

370.4

387.1

403.8

420.5

437.2

453.9

470.6

487.4

504.1

520.8

40

191.4

208.1

224.8

241.6

258.3

275.0

291.7

308.4

325.1

341.8

358.5

375.3

392.0

408.7

425.4

442.1

458.8

475.5

492.2

509.0

525.7

Source: Beak Consultants 1998, Forest Resources Study of Nigeria, Vol. IV (Appendices).

 

8.3. Timber Supply From High Forests and Plantations

A summary of the timber supply from high forest in the FRS high forest states projected for 2000-2010, is shown by Table 15 while the summary of timber supply from plantations of FRS states are depicted in Table 16 while a summary of the total timer supply (from high forests and plantation) from FRS states is shown in Table 17.

Table 15 – Summary of the timber supply from high forests of the FRS high forest states, projected for the years 2000 and 2010.

 

2000

2010

State

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Abia

378

2

21

15

38

416

378

2

21

15

38

416

Akwa Ibom

278796

1328

13472

13080

27880

306676

278796

1328

13472

13080

27880

306676

Anambra

60900

290

2241

3559

6090

66990

60900

290

2241

3559

6090

66990

Cross River

111374

530

4955

5652

11137

122511

111374

530

4955

5652

11137

122511

Delta

342279

1630

14128

18470

34228

376507

342279

1630

14128

18470

34228

376507

Edo

5369994

25571

252178

259250

536999

5906993

5369994

25571

252178

259250

536999

5906993

Enugu/Ebonyi

10605

51

599

411

1061

11666

10605

51

599

411

1061

11666

Imo

1638

8

46

110

164

1802

1638

8

46

110

164

1802

Lagos

8274

39

234

554

827

9101

8274

39

234

554

827

9101

Ondo/Ekiti

3542028

16867

170482

166854

354203

3896231

3542028

16867

170482

166854

354203

3896231

Ogun

270564

1288

12392

13376

27056

297620

270564

1288

12392

13376

27056

297620

Osun

109211

520

5277

5124

10921

120132

109211

520

5277

5124

10921

120132

Oyo

278796

1328

13472

13080

27880

306676

278796

1328

13472

13080

27880

306676

Rivers/Bayelsa

611562

2912

17478

40766

61156

672718

611562

2912

17478

40766

61156

672718

Total

10996399

52364

506975

540301

1099640

12096039

10996399

52364

506975

540301

1099640

12096039

Table 16 - Summary of the timber from plantations of the FRS states, projected for the years 2000 and 2010.

 

2000

2010

State

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Abia

1199

1199

215808

0

217006

218205

1694

1694

171995

0

173689

175382

Adamawa

1040

1040

34205

0

35244

36284

1180

1180

27271

0

28451

29631

Akwa Ibom

5498

29218

12325

0

41543

47041

327

327

16332

0

16659

16986

Anambra

6366

6366

127336

0

133702

140068

7556

7556

137346

0

144901

152457

Benue

1658

4884

54655

0

59538

61196

1071

2905

56314

0

59220

60291

Cross River

917

917

637914

0

638830

639747

1126

1126

646256

0

647382

648507

Delta

424

0

94085

0

94085

94509

0

1776

120124

0

121900

121900

Edo

2418

2418

896198

0

898617

901035

2619

2619

852307

0

854927

857546

Enugu/Ebonyi

0

0

539483

0

539483

539483

0

1626

556914

0

558539

558539

Imo

0

0

55850

0

55850

55850

0

0

56826

0

56826

56826

Kebbi

3138

3138

6277

0

9415

12554

4720

3908

7816

0

11724

16444

Kaduna

0

0

109088

0

109088

109088

0

0

116167

0

116167

116167

Kogi

2471

3231

189150

0

192381

194852

2865

10348

88794

0

99142

102008

Kano

5668

4759

13890

0

18649

24316

4808

7868

21092

0

28960

33768

Kwara

836

1902

286609

0

288511

289347

1179

22082

292296

0

314379

315558

Lagos

1861

1861

96332

0

98193

100054

2614

2614

5388

0

8002

10615

Niger

308

308

295847

0

296155

296462

399

843

171805

0

172647

173046

Ondo/Ekiti

122850

225276

872416

0

1097691

1220541

0

0

594893

0

594893

594893

Ogun

148076

48383

1726178

0

1774561

1922637

131

1019

1380922

0

1381941

1382072

Osun

5494

23417

288864

0

312280

317775

279

3298

182707

0

186005

186283

Oyo

25640

25343

378199

0

403542

429182

33518

33518

124299

0

157818

191336

Plateau/Nasarawa

1966

4950

48319

12274

65543

67509

2343

11792

42355

31367

85514

87857

Rivers/Bayelsa

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Taraba

757

615

39125

0

39740

40497

0

1013

31301

0

31313

32313

Total

338585

389225

7018153

12274

7419647

7758232

68429

119112

5701520

31367

5851999

5920425

Table 17: Summary of the timber supply (high forests and plantations) from FRS states, projected for the years 2000 and 2010.

 

2000

2010

State

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Fuelwood

Poles

Sawnwood

Veneer

Total without Fuelwood

Total with Fuelwood

Abia

1577

1201

215829

15

217044

218621

2072

1696

172016

15

173727

175798

Adamawa

1040

1040

34205

0

35244

36284

1180

1180

27271

0

28451

29631

Akwa Ibom

284294

30546

25797

13080

69423

353717

279123

1655

29804

13080

44539

323662

Anambra

67266

6656

129577

3559

139792

207058

68456

7846

139587

3559

150991

219447

Benue

1658

4884

54655

0

59538

61196

1071

2905

56314

0

59220

60291

Cross River

112291

1447

642869

5652

649967

762258

112500

1656

651211

5652

658519

771018

Delta

342703

1630

108213

18470

128313

471016

342279

3406

134252

18470

156128

498407

Edo

5372412

27989

1148376

259250

1435616

6808028

5372613

28190

1104485

259250

1391926

6764539

Enugu/Ebonyi

10605

51

540082

411

540544

551149

10605

< P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">1677

557513

411

559600

570205

Imo

1638

8

55896

110

56014

57652

1638

8

56872

110

56990

58628

Kebbi

3138

3138

6277

0

9415

12554

4720

3908

7816

0

11724

16444

Kaduna

0

0

109088

0

109088

109088

0

0

116167

0

116167

116167

Kogi

2471

3231

189150

0

192381

194852

2865

10348

88794

0

99142

102008

Kano

5668

4759

13890

0

18649

24316

4808

7868

21092

0

28960

33768

Kwara

836

1902

286609

0

288511

289347

1179

22082

292296

0

314379

315558

Lagos

10135

1900

96566

554

99020

109155

10888

2653

5622

554

8829

19716

Niger

308

308

295847

0

296155

296462

399

843

171805

0

172647

173046

Ondo/Ekiti

3664878

242143

1042898

166854

1451894

5116772

3542028

16867

765375

166854

949096

4491124

Ogun

418640

49671

1738570

13376

1801617

2220257

270695

2307

1393314

13376

1408997

1679692

Osun

114705

23937

294141

5124

323201

437907

109490

3818

187984

5124

196926

306415

Oyo

304436

26671

391671

13080

431422

735858

312314

34846

137771

13080

185698

498012

Plateau/Nasarawa

1966

4950

48319

12274

65543

67509

2343

11792

42355

31367

85514

87857

Rivers/Bayelsa

611562

2912

17478

40766

61156

672718

611562

2912

17478

40766

61156

672718

Taraba

757

615

39125

0

39740

40497

0

1013

31301

0

32313

32313

Total

11334984

441589

7525128

552575

8519287

19854271

11064828

171476

6208495

571668

6951639

18016464

Source: Beak Consultants 1998. Forest Resources Study. Main Report Vol. II page 9-31.

Previous PageTop Of PageNext Page