APPENDIXES

Appendix 1. Chronology of forest and environmental regulations and laws in New Caledonia
Appendix 2. Value and use of important species
Appendix 3. Management and location of important genetic resources by natural site and major species
Appendix 4. Major species, populations and their degree of management and security
Appendix 5. Conservation areas in New Caledonia
Appendix 6. Priority species for conservation, improvement or seed procurement and actions needed
Appendix 7. Institutions in New Caledonia active in the sphere of forest genetic resources
Appendix 8. Recent technical and scientific missions to New Caledonia
Appendix 9: Recommended actions for forest genetic resources in New Caledonia

Appendix 1. Chronology of forest and environmental regulations and laws in New Caledonia

Date(s)	Object	Content
1910	Forest code	Permits, size and species for logging Ban on land clearances Role of public and private guardians
1921	Hunting	Permit, species and sanctions
1926 and 1936	Logging	Logging of sandalwood in the Isle of Pines
1936 to 1982	Fauna	Limiting or banning hunting of birds, deer or bats
1942	Conservation	Ban on cutting the rare endemic conifer Neocallitropsis pancheri
1943 and 1959	Logging	Permits in the public lands (stem diameter >30 cm)
1943	Conservation	Ban on land clearance (above 600 masl on steep slopes and along edges of rivers
1947, 1974 and 1985	Logging	Tax on logs and timber
1950	Conservation	Creation of the first protected area (Mt Panié, highest mountain of New Caledonia)
1951 and 1960	Land tenure	Protection of forests and land for purposes of woodland protection, prevention of soil erosion, catchment protection, plantation, etc.
1968	Melanesian lands	Rules for logging and planting
1975	Fauna, forest economy, bush fires	Conditions for animal importation into New Caledonia Types of wood sales from public lands (auctions, etc.) First regulations against bushfires in New Caledonia
1977	Land tenure and plantations	Creation of Forest management parks (PAF)
1980	Land tenure and logging	Creation of Permis temporaire d'exploitation (PTE) [Temporary logging permit]
1972-1980	Avifauna	Protection of local and endemic birds
1980	Conservation	Creation of terrestrial protected areas, with controls or bans on movement of persons, and harvesting or damaging fauna and flora.
1981	Environment	Creation of the Environment Council
1985	Mines and Forests	Creation of the Mining and Forest Pollution Council
1985	Wild animals	Transport, sale and exportation of wild animals
1989	Competence	Transfer of forestry, environment, rural development and training to the three new Provinces of New Caledonia
1990	Logging in the Southern Province	Provincial permit in all lands and properties
1992	Plants	Conditions for plant importation into New Caledonia
1997	Bushfires in the Northern Province	Provincial, severe regulation against bush fires

Appendix 2. Value and use of important species

Species name

Value code

Present, future or potential use

ti

po

wo

nw

pu

fo

fd

sh

ag

co

am

ca

Acacia spirorbis

1

XX

X

X

X

X

Agathis sp.

1

XX

X

X

Albizzia lebbeck*

2

X

X

XX

X

X

Aleurites moluccana*

2

X

XX

X

Araucaria sp.

1

XX

X

X

X

Arillastrum gummiferum

2

XX

X

X

Calophyllum caledonicum

1

XX

X

Canarium oleiferum

2

XX

Carpolepis laurifolia

2

X

X

Casuarina collina

2

X

X

Cryptocarya sp.

2

XX

Crossostylis multiflora

1

XX

Cunonia austrocaledonia

2

XX

X

Elaeocarpus angustilolius

2

X

Eucalyptus sp.*

2

XX

X

Fagraea berteriana

2

X

X

X

Geissois racemosa

2

X

X

Hernandia cordigera

1

XX

Intsia bijuga*

1

XX

X

X

Kermadecia sinuata

1

XX

Manilkara pancheri*

2

XX

X

Melaleuca quinquenervia*

2

X

X

X

X

XX

Montrouziera cauliflora

1

XX

Piliocalyx laurifolius

1

XX

X

Pinus caribaea *

1

XX

X

Samanea saman*

2

X

X

XX

X

X

X

Santalum austrocaledonicum

2

X

XX

XX

Schefflera gabrieliae

1

XX

X

Terminalia cherrieri

3

X

X

X

Notes:

Use: XX = major use; X = minor use; * = not endemic.

Value: 1 = Species of current socio-economic importance; 2 = Species with clear potential or future value; 3 = Species of unknown value given present knowledge and technology.

Utilization: ti = timber production; po = posts, poles, roundwood; pu = pulp and paper; wo = fuelwood, charcoal; nw = non-wood products (gums, resins, oils, tannins, medicines, dyes, etc.); fo = food; fd = fodder; sh = shade, shelter; ag = agroforestry systems; co = soil and water conservation; am = amenity, aesthetic, ethical values; ca = carving;

Appendix 3. Management and location of important genetic resources by natural site and major species

Species	Province	Protected or managed forest			Land uses
		Conservation area	Reserved forest	Other	Littoral and lowland forests	Native forests	2° forests	Plantation & trials	Village gardens	Agric. land
Acacia spirorbis	N, S		> 1000		> 10000		> 1000	> 500		> 1000
Agathis montana	N	> 500	> 1000			> 1000
Agathis lanceolata	S	> 10000	> 10000			> 10000		> 1000
Agathis moorei	N, S	> 1000	> 10000			> 10000		> 10000	> 1000
Agathis corbassonii	N, S	> 1000	> 1000			> 10000
Agathis ovata	N, S	> 100	> 500	> 500		> 1000
Albizzia lebbeck	N, S							> 100		> 10000
Aleurites moluccana	N, S						> 1000			> 1000
Araucaria columnaris	N, S, L	> 100			> 10000			> 1000	> 1000	> 500
Araucaria montana	N, S	> 1000		> 10000		> 10000
Araucaria schmidii	N	> 500	> 100			> 500
Araucaria nemorosa	S	> 500				> 500
Arillastrum gummiferum	N, S	> 1000				> 10000		> 10000
Calophyllum caledonicum	N, S	> 1000	> 10000			> 10000		> 10000
Casuarina collina	N, S				> 10000			> 1000	> 1000	> 1000
Crossistylis multiflora	N, S	> 1000	> 10000			> 10000
Elaeocarpus angustilolius	N, S					> 1000	>1000		> 100
Eucalyptus sp.	N, S		> 10000					> 10000	> 1000	> 1000
Geissois racemosa	N, S		> 1000				> 1000	> 500		> 1000
Intsia bijuga	N, L		> 1000		> 1000		> 100
Kermadecia sinuata	N, S	> 1000	> 10000			> 10000		> 100
Manilkara pancheri	L, S		> 1000		> 1000
Melaleuca quinquenervia	N, S		> 10000				> 10000		> 1000	> 10000
Montrouziera cauliflora	N, S	> 1000	> 10000			> 10000		> 10000
Pinus caribaea	N, S, L		> 10000			> 10000		> 10000	> 1000
Samanea saman	N, S							> 500	> 1000	> 10000
Santalum austrocaledonicum	N, S, L				> 10000			> 1000	> 100	> 500
Schefflera gabrieliae	N, S, L		> 10000		> 1000	> 10000	> 1000
Terminalia cherrieri	N, S						> 500			> 100

Notes:

Provinces: N = Northern Province; S = Southern Province: L = Loyalty Islands Province.
Numbers indicate numbers of individual trees in each category

Appendix 4. Major species, populations and their degree of management and security

Species and Location	Populations and status	Principal threats	Level of protection or security (1)
Acacia spirorbis Lowlands of west coast	Extensive and not protected population (S > 1 000 ha) Used for poles and fences	Bushfires and over-exploitative logging	3
Agathis montana Mt Panié Range (NE New Caledonia) (1000-1600 masl)	Remote locations at high elevation (S >100 ha) Protected in Mt Panié reserve	None	1
Agathis lanceolata Valleys and slopes in the south (200-900 masl)	Several large population (Yaté, Saille, Ny, Ouiné, etc.) V >150 000 m3 Protected in some conservation areas. Good regeneration. The biggest tree of New Caledonia belongs to this species.	After a long and heavy period of harvesting, logging is now closed	1
Agathis moorei; A. corbassonii Rain forests of the middle range of the mainland (300-1000 masl)	Gregarious populations covering several hundred hectares (V >42 000 m3) Protected in some conservation areas (Aoupinié, Panié, Amieu) and managed forests. Total recorded logging of the genus Agathis = 58 657 m3 between 1948 and 1988 Several plantations	Logging is now restricted (only one concession in the Northern Province »480 m3/year) Some damage by deer to regeneration (recent surveys and research)	1
Agathis ovata Maquis on ultrabasic rocks (100-1200 masl)	Two large populations in the south (Pourina, Rivière bleue) and several remote populations between Plaine des lacs (south) and Menazi (north) No logging. Partial protection	Bushfires and mining	3
Aleurites moluccana Low valleys of the west coast (<300 masl)	Useful for soil and water conservation Many small locations on public and private lands Non-endemic	Bushfires, clearance and cattle grazing	3
Araucaria columnaris (2) Littoral areas and patches in the mainland; Forests of Isle of Pines and Loyalty Islands (<200 masl)	Height £ 60 m Several Melanesian and taboo patches Large natural populations in the limestone islands (S >2 600 ha). Past logging »23 000 m3 Melanesian use it for canoes and poles	None in the natural forests Bushfires and cuts for Christmas Day in the remote plantations	2
Araucaria montana; A. rulei, and A. scopulorum Flats, rocky slopes, ridges or high parts of the ultrabasic mainland mountains (10-1200 masl)	72 locations covering 6 060 ha; common and abundant in several places. Good regeneration and specimens of all sizes and heights. Rare logging in the past.	Mining	3
Araucaria schmidii Highlands of the Colnett-Panié range (1300-1600 masl)	Small patches (S ³ 50 ha) in the high altitude forests. The biggest is in the Mt Panié conservation area. Never logged. Protected in Mt Panié reserve (5 000 ha)	None	1
Araucaria nemorosa Port Boisé in the extreme south (ultrabasic area) (0-50 masl)	Four stands (S <50 ha)	Small populations not protected against fires, mining and illegal cuts	4
Arillastrum gummiferum Only in the ultrabasic areas of the Southern and Northern Provinces (0-720 masl)	745 scattered stands covering 38 880 ha (of which 122 ha in conservation areas) Former logging: 13 000 m3 from 2 400 ha.	Mining in some places of the south Bushfires elsewhere	2
Calophyllum caledonicum Mainland rain forest (300-700 masl)	Widespread Very good regeneration Protected in some conservation areas (Aoupinié, Amieu, Panié) Some former plantations Heavily logged in the past V >73 500 m3	None if the present logging remains restricted (<700 m3/year)	1
Crosstylis sp. and Kermadecia sp. Main forests of the mainland (350-600 masl)	Widespread. All levels of regeneration and sizes. Heavily logged in the past. V >47 00 m3	None if the present logging is restricted	1
Eucalyptus sp. Savannahs of the NW coast; Gardens	Several industrial plantations and trials covering 200 ha.	Bushfires, hurricanes and illegal cuts	2
Geissois racemosa Savannahs and edges of forests (200-600 masl)	Widespread. Pioneer species in the landscape. Good regeneration. Rare logging.	Bushfires	2-3
Intsia bijuga Isle of Pines Maré + Ouvéa Islands Some patches on the mainland	Extensive population among the forests. Currently logged by a Melanesian company in the Isle of Pines Non-endemic Protected among tribes. Former logging (1949-1988) = 3 460 m3	Intensive logging in some places of the islands (very good timber). Bushfires in places on the mainland (Golone, Arama). Some collection of bark for medicine.	2-3
Melaleuca quinquenervia Savannahs (< 900 masl) Swamps and bogs	Widespread and common in the landscape in the north, west and east of the mainland. Non-endemic.	Clearances for agriculture and cattle grazing. Common bushfires, despite the thick and protective bark of this national tree (Niaouli)	3
Montrouziera cauliflora Rain forests of the mainland (200-1000 masl)	Extensive population among the forests. Non-abundant regeneration (lack of light, understorey). One of the best timbers of New Caledonia. Logged volume >100 000 m3. Some trials.	None if the logging permits are restricted (V <1000 m3/year)	1
Pinus caribaea and P. elliottii Savannahs of the northern and central mainland areas; Ultrabasic maquis in the south (<700 masl)	Many plantations, covering 9 200 ha, with biggest in the Northern Province (Tango-Néhoué-Col des Roussettes) Logging since 1994.	Bushfires, hurricanes Cattle and deer	1-2
Santalum austrocaledonicum var. austrocaledonicum Loyalty islands Isle of Pines mainland	Spread in forests and coralline soils (Islands) and in some dry patches of the west coast (mainland) Logged amount between 1948 and 1987 = 1 428 tonnes of wood.	Logging of young trees or without quotas. (30 tonnes of heartwood are possible per year).	2
S.a. var. pilosulum around Nouméa	Small population in the Ouen Toro provincial Park (secondary forest and shrubs)	Some collection of bark for medicinal purposes. Past destruction around Nouméa by urbanization.	3
S. a. var. minutum northern area of the mainland	Three small former locations near Poum and Tiebaghi mountains. Two recent small stands discovered close to Koumac. Protected in a military area and a forest park.	Certainly destroyed by fires and drought. Infertile bushes. Endangered variety	4
Terminalia cherrieri West coast of the mainland (Poya-Népoui)	Small patches of sclerophyll forests (Private lands) Lack of regeneration and young trees	Extensive destruction by clearance, deer and cattle grazing, drought. Endangered species.	4

Notes:

(1) Level of protection/security on a scale of 1 to 5:

1 = implementation and enforcement of regulations probable, and regulations scientifically sound.

5 = implementation and enforcement of regulations unlikely or threat severe with high probability of genetic degradation or loss.

2-3-4 = intermediate between 1 and 5.

(2) Six Araucaria species of the thirteen in New Caledonia were selected because they were representative in terms of habitat and status.

S: area (in hectare); V: standing volume (in cubic meters).

Appendix 5. Conservation areas in New Caledonia

Legal status	Province	Location	Date and area	Forest type(s)	Major tree genera present
FAUNA SPECIAL RESERVES No hunting Restricted movement Total = 26 573 ha	Northern	Isle of Pam	1966 460 ha	Savannahs	Acacia, Cycas, Melaleuca,
		Aoupinié Forest	1975 5400 ha	Rain forest	Agathis, Callophyllum, Canarium, Hernandia, Kermadecia, Montrouziera, Piliocalyx
		Koumac Pond	1989 53 ha	-	Casuarina on the edges, Melaleuca
	Southern	Haute Yaté Basin	1960 15900 ha	Rain forest and maquis on ultrabasic rocks	Agathis, Araucaria, Calophyllum, Canarium, Cordia, Diospyros, Elisodersia, Gastrolepis, Neliderdropsis, Pycnandra
		Isle of Lepredour	1941 760 ha	Maquis, shrubs, slerophyllous forests	Acacia, Austromirtus, Casuarina, Cloezia, Croton, Melaleuca
		Col d'Amieu	1970 4000 ha	Rain forests and savannas on shistes	Agathis, Montrouziera, Calophyllum, Sclefflera, Hernandia, Kermadecia, Crossostylis, Melaleuca, Geissois
FAUNA AND FLORA SPECIAL RESERVES No hunting or fishing Restricted movement and collection of plants or minerals (for scientific purposes) Total = 14645 ha	Southern	Mount Do	1981 300 ha	Forests and maquis on ultrabasic rocks	Araucaria (3 species), Nothofagus
		Saille forest and Mount Ningua	1983 1450 ha		Agathis, Araucaria, Nothofagus
		Haute Pourina mountain	1995 4480 ha		Agathis, Araucaria, Nothofagus
		Mount Kouakoue	1995 7480 ha		Acmopyle, Agathis, Araucaria, Callitris, Carpolepis, Dacrydium, Libocedrus, Metrosideros, Nothofagus, Podocarpus, Prumopitys
		Nodela basin	1996 935 ha	Forests on ultrabasic rocks	Acacia, Agathis, Calophyllum, Crossostylis, Cunonia, Pibiocalyse, Schefflera
FLORA SPECIAL RESERVES No logging, cutting or damage Restricted movement and collection Total = 13741 ha	Northern	Mont Panié (highest point of New Caledonia)	1950 5000 ha	Rain and high altitude forests	Agathis, Araucaria, Callophyllum, Canarium, Crossostylis, Cryptocarya, Cunonia, Cynandra, Elaeocarpus, Garcinia, Metrosideros, Montrouziera, Podocarpus, Prumopitys, Schefflera, Syzygium
	Southern	Mont Mou	1950 675 ha	Forests and maquis on ultrabasic rocks	Araucaria, Metrosideros, Nothofagus
		Mount Humbolt	1950 3200 ha		Agathis, Araucarias, Libocedrus, Metrosideros
		Plaine des lacs+ 6 sites	1972 4466 ha		Agathis, Arillastrum, Gymnostoma, Kermadecia, Nothofagus
		Madeleine falls	1990 400 ha	Savanahs and maquis on ultrabasic rocks	Agathis, Dacrydium, Neocallitropsis, Nogeia, Retrophyllum
PROVINCIAL PARKS Total = 10 257 ha	Southern	Nouméa	1962 35 ha	Sclerophyll forest	Acacia, Austromyrtus, Polyxias, Syzygium
		Rivière Bleue	1980 9045 ha	Idem Hte Yaté	Idem Hte Yaté + Arillastrum
		Thy	1980 1133 ha	Forests and maquis on ultrabasic rocks	Agathis, Calophyllum, Montrouziera, Nothofagus
		Ouen Toro (Nouméa)	1989 44 ha	Sclerophyll forest	Acacia, Premna, Santalum
Integrated Reserve	Southern	Montagne des sources	1950 5878 ha	Forest, maquis and swamps on ultrabasic rocks	Araucaria, Neocallitropsis
Summary	Northern	4 sites	10913 ha
	Southern	24 sites	60181 ha
	Total	28 sites	71094 ha

Appendix 6. Priority species for conservation, improvement or seed procurement and actions needed

Species

End use

Operations/Activities

Remarks

W

NW

FW

O

Expl. & Coll.

Evaluation

Conserv.

Reprod. use

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Acacia spirorbis

X

F

2

2

Agathis montana

G

3

3

1 B

Agathis lanceolata

X

1 B

1 B

1 B

2

1 B

Agathis moorei

X

1 B

1 B

1 B

2

1 B

Agathis corbassonii

X

2

2

2

2

1 A

Agathis ovata

D, E

1 A

3

1 A

3

1 B

Aleurites moluccana

X

D, E, G

3

3

3

Araucaria columnaris

X

G

2

2

2

1 B

3

Araucaria montana

G

3

1 A

2

Araucaria schmidii

G

3

3

1 B

Araucaria nemorosa

G

3

1 A

3

2

[E]

Arillastrum gummiferum

X

D, F, G

3

2

2

1 B

Calophyllum caledonicum

X

2

1 B

2

Eucalyptus sp.

X

2

2

2

SO in the north

Geissois racemosa

D, E

3

3

3

2

1 B

Intsia bijuga

X

F

2

2

Montrouziera cauliflora

X

2

1 B

1 B

Pinus caribaea

X

X

2

1 B

2

2

1 B

1 B

PVT, PGT, SO

Santalum austrocaledonicum

X

X

1 B

1 B

1 B

1 B

[E] (2 varieties)

Terminalia cherrieri

E, F, G

1 A

1 A

1 A

2

1 A

[E]

KEY TO COLUMNS

End uses (See also Remarks column for supplementary information)

1. Industrial wood (logs, sawtimber, construction wood, plywood, chip and particle board, wood pulp, etc.). 2. Industrial non-wood products (gums, resin, oils, tannins). 3. Fuelwood, posts, poles (firewood, charcoal, roundwood used on-farm, wood for carving). 4. Other uses, goods and services (A = food; B = medicinal use; C = fodder; D = land stabilization and improvement; E = shade; F = shelter; G = environmental value).

Ratings for columns 5-11: 1. Highest priority, action should start (A) or be continued (B) with immediate effect. 2. Prompt action recommended; action should start within next 5 years. 3. Action required within 10 years.

Exploration and Collection - 5. Biological information (natural distribution, taxonomy, genecology, phenology, etc.); 6. Collection of germplasm for evaluation.

Evaluation - 7. In situ (population studies). 8. Ex situ (provenance and progeny tests)

Conservation - 9. In situ. 10. Ex situ.

Reproductive use - 11. Semi-bulk or bulk seedlots; reproductive materials. 12. Selection and improvement.

Remarks - Specific uses not obvious from columns 1-4 are mentioned. Work in progress is noted (PVT = provenance trials; [E] = endangered at species or provenance level; PGT = progeny trials; CLT = clonal trials; SO = seed orchard).

Appendix 7. Institutions in New Caledonia active in the sphere of forest genetic resources

Name and principal location(s)	Staff	Specialities
Research Institutes
Research Institute for Development (IRD) (formerly ORSTOM) Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 2 O = 0 T = 2	Botanical and ecological studies Specific censuses Trials on mining stands International cooperation New Caledonia herbarium New Caledonia publications
International Cooperation Centre on Agrarian Research for Development (Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - CIRAD) Nouméa (Southern Province) Port Laguerre (Southern Province)	S = 2 O = 0 T = 1	Forest researches and studies Forest census Genetic selection and improvement Collection and storage of seeds Monitoring of trials and seed orchards International and regional cooperation
Public administration
Rural Development Department of the Southern Province (Forest office) Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 1 T = 10	Plantations, nurseries Control of logged forests Funds for industry and private projects
Department of Natural Resources of the Southern Province - Environment Service Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 1 T = 2	Environmental regulations, controls, monitoring, relationships and surveys Local cooperation
Department of Natural Resources the Southern Province - Park and conservation areas Service Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 2 T = 3	Monitoring, education, surveillance and avifauna census in the terrestrial areas
Forest, Timber and Environment Service of the Northern Province Koné (Northern Province)	S = 0 O = 4 T = 9	Monitoring of plantations, natural forests and public nurseries Forest and environmental regulations, surveys and controls Education of public and in schools Local and regional cooperation Funds for timber industry and private projects Road building and maintenance
Agriculture and Forest Department of the Territory of New Caledonia Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 2 T = 0	Public and state funds
Agriculture and Forest Department of the Territory of New Caledonia Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 0.3 T = 0	Application of international conventions
Agriculture and Forest Department of the Territory of New Caledonia Nouméa + Tontouta Airport (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 3 T = 12	Introduction of plants and exportation of animals
Agriculture and Forest Department of the Territory of New Caledonia Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 0.5 T = 1	Timber statistics (Local production + Importation)
Agriculture and Forest Department of the Territory of New Caledonia Nouméa (Southern Province)	S = 0 O = 0 T = 0	Other forest and environmental issues

Notes: S = scientist. O = officer. T = technician.

Appendix 8. Recent technical and scientific missions to New Caledonia

Period	Researcher	Organization	Topic	Location
1990	Thien	Tulane University, Louisiana, USA	Amborellaceae, Chloranthaceae, Monimiaceae, Winteraceae	Panié and Canala
1991	Briggs Weston Wilson	Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, Australia	Myrtaceae, Proteaceae, Gymnospermae, Cyperaceae, Casuarinaceae	Southern Province and Koniambo
	Sadlier	Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia	Lizards and geckos	Mount Panié
	Pole	University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand	Botany and biogeography	Mount Panié
	Laughland	Auckland, New Zealand	Palm seeds	Mount Panié
1992	Withey	Duke University, USA	Mosses	Mount Panié
	Frame	University of California, Berkeley, USA	Zygogynum spp. (Winteraceae)	Mount Panié
	Laughland	Auckland, New Zealand	Palms	Mount Panié
1993	Boulard	Muséum, Paris, France	Cigales (Cicadidae)	New Caledonia
	Hill	Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, Australia	Terrestial isopods (woodlice)	New Caledonia
	Raven, Platnik	Queensland Museum, Australia	Spiders	Mount Panié and Aoupinié
	Doi	National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan	Mushroom, phanerogams	Mount Panié and Aoupinié
	Laughland	Auckland, New Zealand	Palms	Mount Panié
1994	Sadlier	Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia	Lizards, geckos	Poindimié, Koné, Mount Panié, Canala and Koumac
	Watt	Botanical Garden, Melbourne, Australia	Gymnosperms	Panié, Forêt Plate
	De Kok	Oxford University. UK	Oxera spp. (Verbenaceae)	Northern Province
	Mareik	Botanical Institute, Hamburg, Germany	Thymeleaceae, Malvaceae	Northern Province
1995	Deharveng Hugot Moran Bedos	CNRS, Museum, Paris, France	Entomology, soils and parasitology	Panié, Koumac, Me Maoya, Adio and Aoupinié
	Boulard	Museum, Paris, FRance	Cigales	New Caledonia
	Duretto	Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, Australia	Rutaceae	Northern Province
	Sadlier Bauer	Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia	Lizards, Geckos	Mandjelia, Hienghene, Aoupinié, Koumac
	Sinclair	Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia	Dipteres	Northern Province
	Hodel	California University, USA	Palms	Koumac, Amos, Mandjelia and Panié
	De Kok	Oxford University, UK	Oxera and other Verbenaceae	Northern Province
1996	Hopkins	Museum, Paris, France	Revision of Cunoniaceae	Panié, Ouaieme
	M. Doyle	University of South Pacific, Suva, Fiji	Biological study of Acmopyle, Falcatifolium, Parasitaxus	Northern Province
	J. Pusset	CNRS, France	Rutaceae Harvest/Natural Substances	Tchingou
	P. Lowry G. Plunkett A. Oskolski	Museum, Paris, France USA Russia	Flora of New Caledonia - Araliaceae	Northern Province
	Ph. Grandcolas L. Desutter-Grandcolas	Museum of Entomology, Paris, France	Insect Collection (Follow-up to 1994 mission)	Panié and Hienghene
1997	Members	Assoc. Chambeyronia	Observation of Palm seedlings	Panié
	J. Dawson	Wellington - New Zealand	Carpolepis - Metrosideros Collection	Aoupinié, Roche Ouaieme, Mandjelia
	M. Simmons	Cornell University, New York NY, USA	Botanical Collection of Celastraceae, Hippocrateaceae, Etc.	Divers North And Panié
	M. F. Flannery	Australian Museum, Australian	Pteropus bat ('roussette") Capture	Aoupinié - Mandjelia
	M. Salas + Al	CIRAD	Wild fauna - ecological and hunting evaluation	Pam Island
	G. Hunt	New Zealand	Pandanus samples (use by Caledonian crow)	Mount Panié
1998	P. Arensburger M. Moulds	Connecticut University, USA Australian Museum, Australia	Cicxada collection	Grottes Koumac, Panié, Aoupinié
	A. Bauer J. Wright	Villanova University, USA	Collecting lizards and geckos	Northern Province
	T. Flannery	Australian Museum, Australia	Collecting Pteropus bat ('roussette")	North, including Panié
	D.P. Wall	University of California, USA	Collecting mosses	Aoupinié
	C. Gemmill	Waikato University - New Zealand	Collecting Pittosporum spp.	Panié, Tiebaghi, Kaala, Canala, Boulinda, Koniambo, Ouaco, Nepoui
	D.H. Lorence et al.	Botanical Garden, Hawaii, USA	Collecting palms, Monimiaceae, Rubiaceae, Pandanaceae, Zingiberaceae	Northern Province

Appendix 9: Recommended actions for forest genetic resources in New Caledonia

Actions	Object	Present conservation rate	Major species
Knowledge and conservation of remarkable habitats. . Ecology . Regeneration . Threats . Growth . Development . Information of visitors, landowners and users . Census . Plantations . Regulations . Conservation areas . Ecotypes and provenances . Monitoring . Education	Forests and trees on the ultrabasic mountains and mining areas	30 %	Agathis lanceolata Agathis ovata Araucaria montana, nemorosa, rulei, scopulorum, bernieri, biramulata Arillastum gumiferum
	Chalky forests	0 %	Araucaria columnaris Intsia bijuga Manilkara pancheri Santalum austrocaledonicum
	Trees and plants of the sclerophyll forests	3 %	Terminalia cherrieri + genera Cupaniopsis, Diospyros, Eugenia, Phyllanthus, Syzygium
	Rain and altitude forests on schists	5 %	Agathis sp Araucaria schmidii Calophyllum caledonicum Crossostylis sp Elaeocarpus sp Kermadecia sp Montrouziera cauliflora Sclefflera sp
	Mangroves	0 %	Genera Avicennia, Bruguiera, Exoecaria, Rhyzophora, etc.

Remark: Conservation rate = Protected area/Total area