Genotype x Environment Interactions - Challenges and Opportunities for Plant Breeding and Cultivar Recommendations

FAO PLANT PRODUCTION AND PROTECTION PAPER - 174

by

Paolo Annicchiarico
Senior Scientist
Instituto Sperimentale per le Colture Foraggere
Lody, Italy

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2002

Table of Contents

The reference to the different computer software programs included in sections 4.5, 5.9 and 7.3 of this publication is for information purposes only. The choice of items does not constitute an endorsement by FAO of the manufactures of these computer software products or of the products themselves

ISBN 92-5-104870-3

All right reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of the materials in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publishing Management Service, Information Division, FAO, Vialle delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected]

© FAO 2002

Table of Contents

Foreword

Acknowledgements

List of abbreviations

1. Introduction

1.1 Background
1.2 Genotype and environment
1.3 Elements of a breeding strategy

2. Adaptation and yield stability

2.1 Analysis of adaptation
2.2 Definition of adaptation strategies
2.3 Wide vs. specific adaptation in breeding programmes
2.4 Targeting varieties
2.5 Assessment of yield stability and reliability
2.6 Two analytical flow charts

3. Multi-environment yield trials

3.1 Types of trials and requirements of the generated information
3.2 Additional information on environmental factors and genotypic traits

4. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and estimation of variance components

4.1 Models of ANOVA
4.2 Estimation of individual effects and comparison of means
4.3 Estimation of variance components
4.4 Data transformation
4.5 Computer software

5. Analysis of adaptation and identification of subregions

5.1 Objectives of the analysis
5.2 Joint linear regression modelling and complementary analyses
5.3 AMMI modelling and complementary analyses
5.4 Factorial regression modelling and complementary analyses
5.5 Pattern analysis
5.6 Data transformation
5.7 Unbalanced data sets
5.8 Characterization of subregions and scaling-up of results
5.9 Computer software

6. Definition of adaptation strategy, selection environments, genetic resources and adaptive traits

6.1 Adaptation strategy
6.2 Selection environments
6.3 Genetic resources and adaptive traits

7. Measures of yield stability and reliability

7.1 Yield stability
7.2 Yield reliability
7.3 Computer software

8. Case study: durum wheat in Algeria

8.1 Experiment data
8.2 Adaptation strategy and yield stability targets for breeding
8.3 Cultivar recommendation

References

FAO technical papers

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