| Annex 1. Forest herbal materials utilised by the Ayurvedic corporation of Sri Lanka | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Local Name | Botanical Name | Annual Requirement (Kg) |
| 1. | Aralu | Terminalia chebula | 10 000 |
| 2. | Adhathoda | Adhatoda vasica | 300 |
| 3. | Etdemata (root) | Gemlina arborea | 1 500 |
| 4. | Aswenna | Alysicarpus vaginalis | 1 500 |
| 5. | Iriveriya (dry) | Plectranthus sps | 500 |
| 6. | Inguru piyali | Knoxiaa zeylanica | 400 |
| 7. | Ela batu (root) | Solanum xanthocarpum | 1 500 |
| 8. | Endaru (root) | Ricinus communis | 500 |
| 9. | Endaru (seed) | Ricinus communis | 200 |
| 10. | Palol | Sterospermum suaveolens | 1 500 |
| 11. | Polpala | Aerva lanata | 1 500 |
| 12. | Beli (raw fruit) | Aegle marmelos | 1 500 |
| 13. | Bulu | Terminalia belerica | 10 000 |
| 14. | Beli (root) | Aegle marmelos | 1 500 |
| 15. | Binkohomba | Munronia pumila | 800 |
| 16. | Bebila (root) | Sida racemosa | 5 000 |
| 17. | Midi (root) | Premna ceratifolia | 1 500 |
| 18. | Thotila (root) | Orolylum indicum | 1 500 |
| 19. | Nas Narang (root) | Citrus japonica | 100 |
| 20. | Na (flowers) | Messua ferrea | 600 |
| 21. | Na (stamens) | Messua ferrea | 500 |
| 22. | Nalum (petioles) | Nelumbo nucifera | 100 |
| 23. | Gas Karalheba | Achyranthes aspera | 120 |
| 24. | Heen aratta (yam) | Ophiorrhiza mungos | 3 500 |
| 25. | Matu karandu (root) | Barleria prionitis | 150 |
| 26. | Kiratha | Swertia zeylanica | 1 000 |
| 27. | Kohoba (bark) | Azadirchta indica | 2 000 |
| 28. | Kollan (leaves) | Pogostemon heyneanus | 500 |
| 29. | Kumbuk (bark) | Terminalia arjuna | 500 |
| 30. | Kohomba (seed) | Azadirachta indica | 100 |
| Source: Bharathie, K.P. Sri., 1994 | |||
| Annex 2. Plants used as natural dyes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sr. No. | Botanical Name | Local Name | Plant Part Used | Colour |
| 1. | Curcuma longa | Kaha | Rhizome | Yellow |
| 2. | Rhizophora sps. | Kadol | Bark of Aerial Root | Pinky Beige |
| 3. | Caesalpinia sappan | Patangi | Heartwood | Purple Maroon |
| 4. | Cocos nucifera | Pol | Husk of Fruit | Brown |
| 5. | Cymbopogon citratus | Sera | Leaves | Light Green |
| 6. | Ocimum sanctum | Madurlata | Leaves | Lime Green |
| 7. | Dipterocarpus zeylanicus | Hora | Saw dust | Beige |
| 8. | Nyctanthes arbor-tristis | Sepalika | Flower | Yellow |
| 9. | Bixa orellana | Kaha | Seed Coat | Pale Orange |
| 10. | Schleichera trigugaloleosa | Kone | Gum | Brown |
| Source: Vitarana and Withanage (1993) | ||||
| Annex 3. Some common animal species hunted for food in Sri Lanka | ||
|---|---|---|
| English Name | Local Name | Latin Name |
| Mammals | ||
| Flying fox (giant fruit bat) | Ma wawula | Pteropus giganteus |
| Toque monkey | Rilawa | Macaca sinica |
| Purple faced leaf monkey | Wandura | Presbytes sinex |
| Scaly anteater/pangolin | Kaballewa, Eya | Manis crassicaudata |
| Porcupine | Ittawa | Hystrix indica |
| Bandicoot | Urumiya | Bandicota indica |
| Giant squirrel | Dandu lena | Ratufa macroura |
| Flying squirrel | Hambawa | Petaurista pataurista |
| Mongoose | Mugatiya | Herpestes smithi |
| Spotted deer | Tit muwa | Axis axis |
| Sambhur | Gona | Cervus uniscolor |
| Munt jak/barking deer | Olumuwa | Muntiacus muntjak |
| Wild pig | Wal ura | Sus scrofa |
| Mouse deer | Meeminna | Tragulus meminna |
| Civet cat | Urulewa | Viverricula indica |
| Palm civet | Uguduwa | Paradoxurus hermaphroditus |
| Birds | ||
| Spotted dove | Alukobeiya | Streptopelia chinensis |
| Green imperial pigeon | Mahaneela goya | Ducula aenea |
| Green pigeon | Batagoya | Treron pampadour |
| Ceylon jungle fowl | Wali kukula | Gallus laffayettii |
| Ceylon spurfowl | Haban kukula | Galloperdix bicalarta |
| Reptiles | ||
| Land monitor lizard | Thalagoya | Varanus bengalensis |
| Source: Bandaratillake, 1994 | ||
| Annex 4. Crops accessions at the plant genetic resource centre | |
|---|---|
| Crops species | Number of accessions |
| Rice | |
| Oryza sativa (traditional & cultivars) | 3 194 |
| Wild relatives | 17 |
| Coarse Grains | |
| Eleusine coracana | 195 |
| Panicum miliaceum | 28 |
| Setaria italica | 71 |
| Paspalum scrobiculatum | 5 |
| Zea mays | 223 |
| Sorghum bicolor | 52 |
| Grain Legumes | |
| Vigna unguiculata | 165 |
| Vigna radiata | 64 |
| Vigna mungo | 28 |
| Vigna umbellata | 18 |
| Macrotyloma uniflorum | 30 |
| Psophocarpus tetragonolobus | 395 |
| Canavalia ensiformis | 15 |
| Phaseolus lunatus | 31 |
| Lablab niger | 19 |
| Pisum sativum | 13 |
| Glycine max | 204 |
| Mucuna pruriens | 4 |
| Pachyrrhizus spp. | 1 |
| Vegetables | |
| Momordica charantia | 72 |
| Momordica dioica | 4 |
| Trichosanthes cucumerina | 28 |
| Luffa acutangula | 58 |
| Luffa aegyptica | 18 |
| Cucurbita spp. | 120 |
| Benincasa hispida | 22 |
| Cucumis spp. | 129 |
| Annex 5. Germplasm collection status by crop plants at the plant genetic resource centre | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Crop Group | Number of | Percentage Collection | |
| Species | Accessions | ||
| Rice | 2 | 3 809 | 34.0 |
| Other cereals | 9 | 785 | 7.0 |
| Grain legumes | 14 | 1 907 | 17.0 |
| Vegetables | 52 | 2 927 | 26.1 |
| Spices and condiments | 9 | 500 | 4.5 |
| Fruits | 16 | 363 | 3.2 |
| Root and tubers | 7 | 309 | 2.8 |
| Oil seeds | 3 | 180 | 1.6 |
| Medicinal plants | 12 | 21 | 0.2 |
| Wild relatives of crop | 26 | 308 | 2.7 |
| species | |||
| Other | - | 96 | 0.9 |
| Total | 180 | 11 205 | 100 |
| Source: Ministry of Forestry and Environment, 1998. (Biodiversity Conservation in Sri Lanka - A Framework for Action) | |||
Annex 6. Methodology note
The study was funded by FAO regional office for Asia and the Pacific and was undertaken by the author commissioned by M.S. Swaminathan Research foundation, Chennai, India. The document is put together from the information collected through an intensive fieldwork in Sri Lanka during 1998. The author collected secondary information from the various institution. The field research covered the wet zone, Dry Zone and Intermediate zone. The author visited villages in all these Agro-ecological zones and interviewed 41 farm families. Both men and women were included in the informal interviews.
Secondary sources of information and interviews with various experts and specialists contributed to information on biodiversity and agro ecological characteristics and crop system and biodiversity conservation and social aspects of Sri Lanka.
