General Information
Basic Statistics
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
2000 |
RICE |
|
|
|
|
Harvested area (T ha) |
108 |
116 |
184 |
185 |
Yield (kg/ha) |
3678 |
3670 |
5032 |
4637 |
Production (T t) |
400 |
428 |
926 |
858 |
Imports (T t) |
0.27 |
1.21 |
7.11 |
NA |
Exports (T t) |
111 |
75 |
390 |
NA |
OTHERS |
|
|
|
|
Population (M) |
30.30 |
32.52 |
34.76 |
NA |
Agr population (M) |
3.90 |
3.98 |
4.02 |
NA |
Irrigated agr area (T ha) |
1560 |
1560 |
1561 |
NA |
Fertiliser cons (T t) |
161 |
165 |
524 |
NA |
Agr tractors in use (T units) |
204 |
270 |
280 |
NA |
Producing Zones and Cropping Seasons
Rice is grown mostly in the Northeast region. The following table shows the harvested areas in major rice producing zones
Production zone |
Harvested area (% total harvested area) |
Entre Rios |
55.60 |
Corrientes |
32.60 |
Santa Fe |
5.71 |
Formosa |
4.50 |
Chaco |
1.46 |
Misiones |
0.13 |
Rice is grown once a year as shown in the following table
Cropping season |
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season |
10-11 |
3-4 |
Production Practices
Rice is planted mostly under irrigated conditions. Rice production is on large-scale (50 ha or more per farmer), highly commercialised and mechanised. Rice is grown in rotation over years with pastures and cattle grazing. Rice seeds are drilled into dry soils. High yielding varieties belonging to both indica and japonica types are planted. Following table shows the rice varieties planted recently in the country.
Variety Name |
Released period |
Growth duration (days) |
CHUI |
1990-94 |
|
CT6919 |
1990-94 |
|
El Paso L-144 |
1990-94 |
131 |
GUAYQUIRARO P.A. |
1985-89 |
|
H 144-7 |
1990-94 |
|
H 251-24 |
1990-94 |
|
H 253-8 |
1990-94 |
|
H 258-4-2 |
1990-94 |
|
IRGA 414 |
1990-94 |
123 |
IRGA 417 |
1990-94 |
|
JACKSON |
NA |
|
JODON |
NA |
|
L 1119 |
NA |
|
SAN MIGUEL |
NA |
119 |
TACUARI |
NA |
115 |
TAIM |
1995-99 |
|
VILLAGUAY P.A. |
1985-89 |
|
YERUA P.A. |
NA |
|
Farmers generally applied agro-chemicals, including fertilizers, in rice production. The following table shows the responses of rice to fertilizer application
Other information |
Test range (kg/ha) |
Control rate (kg/ha) |
Control yield (t/ha) |
Rate at Maximum yield (kg/ha) |
Maximum yield (t/ha) |
Nitrogen (N) |
|||||
Reported in 93, Zona Centro, variety El Passo 144 |
0-75 |
0 |
6.3 |
50 |
7.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Centro, variety El Passo 144, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
6.7 |
75 |
7 |
Reported in 93, Zona Centro, variety San Miguel |
0-75 |
0 |
4.6 |
50 |
5.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Centro, variety San Miguel, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
4.3 |
50 |
6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety El Passo 144 |
0-75 |
0 |
6.3 |
25 |
6.9 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety El Passo 144, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
5.2 |
50 |
7.3 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety San Miguel |
0-75 |
0 |
4.4 |
50 |
5.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety San Miguel, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
4.8 |
25 |
5.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety El Passo 144 |
0-75 |
0 |
3.8 |
75 |
5.2 |
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety El Passo 144, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
4.2 |
25 |
4.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety San Miguel |
0-75 |
0 |
3.8 |
50 |
5.1 |
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety San Miguel, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
3.3 |
25 |
4.9 |
Reported in 95, Zona Norte, pH 6.2 soil N 0.171% soil OM 4.2% available P 10.2 ppm, variety El Passo 144 |
0-75 |
0 |
6 |
75 |
8.2 |
Reported in 95, Zona Centro, pH 6.5 soil N 0.122% soil OM 3.1% available P 5.8 ppm, variety El Passo 144 |
0-75 |
0 |
6.2 |
50 |
7 |
Reported in 95, Zona Norte, pH 6.2 soil N 0.171% soil OM 4.2% available P 10.2 ppm, variety El Passo 144, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
6.6 |
50 |
9.2 |
Reported in 95, Zona Centro, pH 6.5 soil N 0.122% soil OM 3.1% available P 5.8 ppm, variety El Passo 144, with 30 P kg/ha |
0-75 |
0 |
5.1 |
75 |
6.7 |
Phosphorus (P2O5) |
|||||
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety El Passo 144 |
0-30 |
0 |
3.8 |
30 |
4.2 |
Reported in 93, Zona Sur, variety San Miguel |
0-30 |
0 |
3.8 |
0 |
3.8 |
Reported in 93, Zona centro, variety El Passo 144 |
0-30 |
0 |
6.3 |
30 |
6.7 |
Reported in 93, Zona centro, variety San Miguel |
0-30 |
0 |
4.6 |
0 |
4.6 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety El Passo 144 |
0-30 |
0 |
6.3 |
0 |
6.3 |
Reported in 93, Zona Norte, variety San Miguel |
0-30 |
0 |
4.4 |
30 |
4.8 |
Reported in 95, Zona Norte, soil with pH 6.2, soil N 0.171%, soil OM 4.2%, available P 10.2 ppm, variety El Passo 144 |
0-30 |
0 |
6 |
30 |
6.6 |
Reported in 95, Zona centro, soil with pH 6.5, soil N 0.122%, soil OM 3.1%, available P 5.8ppm, variety El Passo 144 |
0-30 |
0 |
6.2 |
0 |
6.2 |
Constraints and Issues of Sustainable Production
High production cost.
Dependence on external market for marketing of rice products.
Straight head, especially on sandy soils in Corrientes.
Weed infestation (Echinochloa sp and Bracchiaria sp).
Low temperatures during early and/or reproductive phases.
Yield potentials of rice varieties have reached a plateau.
The following table shows the rice production costs
Other information |
Yield (t/ha) |
Cost ($/ha) |
Cost ($/t) |
1987-89 |
5 |
2998 |
600 |
1984-85 |
3.49 |
691 |
198 |
The country has still large land and water resources for the expansion of rice production. Sustainable rice production depends largely on the economic factors such as the relative competitiveness of rice to other crops.
Research and Development Institutes
· Catedra de Genetica y Mej. Animales y Vegetales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Casilla de Correo 31, La Plata 1900, Argentina
· Centro Operativo Colonia Mascias, Ministerio de Agricultura, 3001 Colonia Mascias, Argentina
· Santa Fe Estacion Experimental "Ing. Agr. Julio Hirschhorn", A.P. 31, Calle 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires,
· Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Corrientes, A.P. 57, 3400 Corrientes, Corrientes, Phone: (0783) 65011
· Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria, Concepcion del Uruguay, A.P. 6, 3260 Concepcion del Uruguay, Entre Rios, Phone: (0442) 5561
· Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales, Banco de Base INTA, 1712 Castellar, Buenos Aires, Phone: (0266) 22040