This appendix is for reference purposes only and is not a prescriptive part of the standard. The list is not exhaustive and should be adapted to specific circumstances. The references here are widely available, easily accessible and generally recognized as authoritative. The list is not comprehensive or static; nor is it endorsed as a standard under this ISPM.
ESTIMATED MINIMUM ABSORBED DOSES FOR CERTAIN RESPONSES FOR SELECTED PEST GROUPS[4]
The following table identifies ranges of minimum absorbed dose for pest groups based on treatment research reported in the scientific literature. Minimum doses are taken from many publications that are in the references listed below. Confirmatory testing should be done before adopting the minimum dose for a specific pest treatment.
To ensure the minimum absorbed dose is achieved for phytosanitary purposes, it is recommended to seek information about the Dmin for a particular target species and also to take into consideration the note in Appendix 2.
|
Pest group |
Required response |
Minimum dose range (Gy) |
|
Aphids and whiteflies (Homoptera) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
50-100 |
|
Seed weevils (Bruchidae) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
70-300 |
|
Scarab beetles (Scarabidae) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
50-150 |
|
Fruit flies (Tephritidae) |
Prevent adult emergence from 3rd instar |
50-250 |
|
Weevils (Curculionidae) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
80-165 |
|
Borers (Lepidoptera) |
Prevent adult development from late larva |
100-280 |
|
Thrips (Thysanoptera) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
150-250 |
|
Borers (Lepidoptera) |
Sterilize late pupa |
200-350 |
|
Spider mites (Acaridae) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
200-350 |
|
Stored product beetles (Coleoptera) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
50-400 |
|
Stored product moths (Lepidoptera) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
100-1,000 |
|
Nematodes (Nematoda) |
Sterilize actively reproducing adult |
~4,000 |
References
International Atomic Energy Agency. 2002. International Database on Insect Disinfestation and Sterilization. (available at http://www-ididas.iaea.org).
Hallman, G. J. 2001. Irradiation as a quarantine treatment. In: Molins, R.A. (ed.) Food Irradiation Principles and Applications. New York: J. Wiley & Sons. p. 113-130.
Hallman, G. J. 2000. Expanding radiation quarantine treatments beyond fruit flies. Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 2:85-95. http://www.iaea.org/icgfi is also a useful website for technical information on food irradiation.
|
[4] Not conclusively
demonstrated with large scale testing. Based on literature review by Hallman,
2001. |
