BRAZIL |
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Product |
Resource |
Economic Value |
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NWFP |
Importance |
Trade name |
Key species |
Part used |
Production system |
Source |
Uses |
Quantity, value |
Remarks |
References |
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Plants and plant products |
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Fiber |
2 |
Buriti fiber |
Mauritia flexuosa |
l |
F |
W |
N |
production of 387 t of fiber in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
palm leaf fiber |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Carnaúba fiber |
Copernicia prunifera |
l |
F,O |
W |
N |
production of 2 078 t of fiber in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
palm leaf fiber |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
1 |
Piaçava fiber |
Attalea funifera |
l |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 84 990 t of fiber in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
palm leaf base fiber |
IBGE 1998b |
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Resins |
1 |
Resin |
Pinus spp. |
|
P |
C,W |
N,I |
average production of 60 000 - 65 000 t of resin in mid 1990s. Exports of 13 500 t of gum rosin and 3 000 t of turpentine in 1993 (Coppen & Hone 1995) |
estimated 1 500 000 ha planted in pines (Coppen & Hone 1995) |
Coppen & Hone 1995 |
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|
1 |
Rosin |
Pinus spp. |
|
P |
C |
N |
average production of 36 000 t of rosin in 1987-89 (Coppen 1995a) |
|
Coppen 1995a |
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|
1 |
Gum turpentine |
Pinus spp. |
|
P |
C |
N |
average production of 8 000 t of gum turpentine in 1987-89 (Coppen 1995a) |
|
Coppen 1995a |
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|
2 |
Copaíba balsam |
Copaifera spp. |
|
F |
W |
N,I |
production of 72 t of oil in 1995 (IBGE 1998b); exports of 56 t of copaíba in 1992 (Coppen 1995b) |
major importer is USA; copaiba balsam is an oleo-resin(Coppen 1995b) |
Coppen 1995b; IBGE 1998b |
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Latex |
1 |
Natural rubber |
Hevea brasiliensis |
|
P,F |
C,W |
N |
production of 53 000 t of natural rubber in 1997 (FAO 1998); area cultivated of 58 715 in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
|
FAO 1998; IBGE 1998a |
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|
2 |
Sorva |
Couma spp. |
|
F |
W |
I |
production of 1 106 t in 1989; export of 500 t in 1992(Coppen 1995b) |
production has declined from 6 000 t in 1976 (Coppen 1995b) |
Coppen 1995b |
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|
2 |
Balata |
Manilkara spp. |
|
F |
W |
N |
production of 18 t in 1990 (Coppen 1995b) |
world market collapse for balata; current status in Brazil unknown (Coppen 1995b) |
Coppen 1995b |
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|
2 |
Maçaranduba |
Manilkara huberi |
|
F |
W |
N |
production of 116 t in 1990 (Coppen 1995b) |
current status in Brazil unknown (Coppen 1995b) |
Coppen 1995b |
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Vegetable wax |
2 |
Carnaúba |
Copernicia prunifera |
|
F,O |
W |
I,N |
production of 5 228 t of wax and 12 164 t of powder in 1995(IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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Tannins |
2 |
Angico |
Piptadenia spp. |
b |
F |
W |
N |
production of 577 t of bark in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Barbatimão |
Stryphno-dendron barbatimao |
b |
F |
W |
N |
production of 12 t of bark in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
1 |
|
Acacia negra |
b |
P |
C |
N |
production of 191 830 t of bark in 1995 (IBGE1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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Essential and drying oils |
2 |
Rosewood oil |
Aniba rosaeodora |
|
F |
W |
I,N |
export of 68 t of rosewood oil in 1992 (Coppen 1995) |
main markets for essential oils in general EC, USA (Iqbal 1995) |
Coppen 1995;Iqbal 1995 |
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|
2 |
Tungue, tung oil |
Aleurites fordii |
se |
P |
C |
N |
production of 1 286 t from 672 ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
|
IBGE 1998a |
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|
2 |
Cumaru,tonka bean |
Dipteryx odorata |
se |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 48 t of tonka bean in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Oiticica |
Licania rigida |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 13 613 t of oiticica seed in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
1 |
Eucalyptus oil |
Eucalyptus spp. |
l |
P |
C |
N |
production of 26 160 t of leaves in 1995 (IBGE1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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Medicinal plants |
2 |
Ipecac |
Cephaelis ipecacuanha |
r |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 2 t of roots in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
small herb of undergrowth of forest |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Jaborandi |
Pilocarpus spp. |
l |
F |
W |
I |
production of 2 155 t of leaves in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
1 |
Açaí fruit |
Euterpe oleracea |
f |
F |
W |
N |
production of 108 922 t of fruit in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
fruit used to make a beverage |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Mangaba |
Hancornia speciosa |
f |
F |
W |
N |
production of 310 t of fruit in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Umbu |
Spondias tuberosa |
f |
F,O |
W |
N |
production of 10 969 t of fruits in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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Edible seeds / nuts |
1 |
Coconut |
Cocos nucifera |
se |
P,O |
C |
N |
production of 647 000 t of coconuts in 1997; production of 3 000 t of copra in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
|
FAO 1998 |
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|
1 |
Babaçu kernel |
Orbignya martiana |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 190 000 t of babaçu kernels in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
synonym is Attalea speciosa |
FAO 1998 |
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|
1 |
Caju, cashew nut |
Anacardium occidentale |
se |
P,O |
C,W |
I,N |
production of 113 000 t of cashew nuts (in shell) in 1997 (FAO 1998); area cultivated 680 615 ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
|
FAO 1998; IBGE 1998a |
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|
2 |
Walnut |
Juglans sp. |
se |
P |
C |
N |
production of 4 000 t of walnuts (in shell) in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
no data on area |
FAO 1998 |
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|
1 |
Brazil nut |
Bertholletia excelsa |
se |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 40 216 t of in-shell nuts in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
main markets USA, UK. (Iqbal 1995) |
IBGE 1998b; Iqbal 1995 |
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|
1 |
Pinhão, pine nuts |
Araucaria angustifolia |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 5 319 t of nuts in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998a |
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Spices |
1 |
Pimenta do reino, black pepper |
Piper nigrum |
se |
P |
C |
N |
production of 34 927 t from 21 023 ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
|
IBGE 1998a |
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Edible oils |
1 |
Babaçu oil |
Orbignya martiana |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 76 000 t of babaçu oil in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
synonym is Attalea speciosa |
FAO 1998 |
||
|
1 |
Palm oil |
Elaeis guineensis |
f |
P |
C |
N |
production of 661 809 t of oil palm fruits from area of 67 388 ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
"dendê (em côco)" yield of 9 817 kg/ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998) |
IBGE 1998a |
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|
2 |
Licuri oil |
Syagrus coronata |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 6 696 t of seed in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
palm seed oil |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Pequi oil |
Caryocar villosum |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 2 454 t of seed in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
large tree of Amazon region |
IBGE 1998b |
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|
2 |
Tucum oil |
Astrocaryum tucuma |
se |
F |
W |
N |
production of 2 257 t of seed in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
palm seed oil |
IBGE 1998b |
||
Colorants, dyestuffs |
1 |
Annatto |
Bixa orellana |
se |
P,O |
C |
N |
production of 8 870 t of seed from 7 545 ha in 1994 (IBGE 1998a) |
main markets USA, EC, Japan (Iqbal 1995) |
IBGE 1998a; Iqbal 1995 |
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Palm hearts |
1 |
Açaí |
Euterpe oleracea |
st |
F |
W |
I,N |
production of 20 653 t of palm hearts in 1995 (IBGE 1998b) |
|
IBGE 1998b |
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Guaraná |
1 |
Guaraná |
Paullinia cupana |
se |
P,O |
C |
N |
production of 2 243 t of seeds from 7 675 ha in 1995 (IBGE 1998a) |
used as beverage flavoring; yield of 347 kg/ha (IBGE 1998a) |
IBGE 1998a |
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Cocoa beans |
1 |
|
Theobroma cacao |
se |
P |
C |
N,I |
production of 293 000 t of cocoa beans in 1997 from area of 724 000 ha (FAO 1998) |
yield of 404 kg/ha in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
FAO 1998 |
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Animal and animal products |
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Honey |
1 |
|
|
|
F,O |
W,C |
N |
production of 18 000 t of honey 1997 (FAO 1998) |
|
FAO 1998 |
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Silk |
2 |
Raw silk |
Silk worm |
|
P |
C |
N |
production of 2 000 t of silk in 1997 (FAO 1998) |
raw and waste silk. Main markets Italy, Germany (Iqbal 1995) |
FAO 1998; Iqbal 1995 |