The general requirement in the orchard design is:
The two most frequently used designs are complete randomized design and randomized complete block design:
Complete randomized design: All available ramets of all clones or all families are distributed randomly all over the site.
Randomized complete blocks: The area is divided into equally sized blocks which include one ramet of each clone or one member of each family. The ramets or families are located randomized within each block.
Note: Randomization in either of the two models may be modified in order to avoid accidentally planting of two ramets of the same clone or two members of the same family next to each other, e.g. in adjacent blocks. Various computer models exist that can make a design to fit any number of clones or families and maximize the distance between ramets or members of the same family (ex. Alphaplus, CSIRO).
Randomized complete block design is the most frequently used if the design initially serves as a progeny test.
