Physical hazards include any potentially harmful extraneous matter not normally found in food. The extraneous matter found in fish products can be divided or classified as:
food safety hazards (e.g. glass, metal, wood, bones, stones, hard plastic).
The adverse health effect of physical hazards may be choking, injury incl. laceration and perforation of tissues in the mouth, throat, stomach or intestines. Broken teeth and damage to gums may also be the result. The FDA Health Hazard Board has found that foreign objects that are less than 7 mm maximum dimensions rarely cause trauma or serious injury except in special risk groups such as infants, elderly or surgery patients (FDA, 1998)
Although physical hazards rarely cause serious injury, they are among the most commonly reported consumer complaints, because the injury occurs immediately or soon after eating, and the source of the hazard is often easy to identify.
Control measures for physical hazards can include:
for metal inclusions:
periodically checking all equipment for damage or missing parts
passing the product through metal detection or separation equipment
for non-metallic objects:
passing the product through an X-ray detector.
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