List of acronyms
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AA |
Association Agreement (Ch. 2) |
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ACB |
Agricultural Cooperative Bank (Ch. 1, Ch. 3, Ch. 14, Ch. 15) |
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AFTA |
Arab Free Trade Area (Ch. 2) |
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C & F |
Cost and Freight (Ch. 14) |
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CAP |
Common Agricultural Policy (Ch. 2) |
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CBS |
Central Bureau of Statistics (Ch. 1, Ch. 10) |
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CeBS |
Central Bank of Syria (Ch. 1, Ch. 14) |
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cif |
cost-insurance-freight (Ch. 4, Ch. 5, Ch.9) |
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CMO |
Cotton Marketing Organisation (Ch. 6) |
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CN |
Combined Nomenclature (Ch. 2) |
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CoBS |
Commercial Bank of Syria (Ch. 1, Ch. 14) |
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CPI |
Consumer Price Index (Ch. 1) |
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DAP |
Di-ammonium phosphate (Ch. 14) |
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ESCWA |
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia |
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ER |
Exchange rate (Ch. 4) |
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EU |
European Union (Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 3, Ch. 13) |
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FAOSTAT |
Corporate Database for Substantive Statistical Data (Ch. 2) |
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FDI |
Foreign Direct Investment (Ch. 2) |
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fob |
Free on board (Ch. 4, Ch. 9) |
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FSU |
Former Soviet Union (Ch. 8) |
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FTA |
Free Trade Area (Ch. 2) |
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GAO |
Gross Agricultural Output (Ch. 1, Ch. 3) |
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GATT |
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 3) |
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GCB |
General Company for Baking (Ch. 6) |
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GCM |
General Company for Mills (Ch. 6) |
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GDP |
Gross Domestic Product (Ch. 2, Ch. 10) |
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GEC |
General Establishment for Consumption (Ch. 6) |
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GECPT |
General Establishment for Cereal Processing and Trade (Ch. 6, Ch. 10) |
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GEM |
General Establishment for Meat (Ch. 9) |
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GESILOS |
General Establishment for Silos, Feed Mills and Seed Plants (Ch. 6) |
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GEZA |
same as GFTOCF |
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GFC |
General Fertilizer Company (Ch. 14) |
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GFTOCF |
Foreign Trade Organization for Import of Chemicals and Foodstuffs (Ch. 3, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 14, Ch. 14) |
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GFU |
General Farmers’ Union (Ch. 14) |
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GLASOD |
Global Assessment of HumanInduced Soil Degradation (Ch. 5) |
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GOCGM |
General Organization of Cotton Ginning and Marketing (Ch. 1, Ch. 10) |
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GOCTP |
General Organization for Cereals Trade and Processing (Ch. 1) |
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GOEDEB |
General Organization for the Investment and Development of the Euphrates Basin. (Ch. 11) |
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GOFI |
General Organization of Food Industries (Ch. 10) |
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GOFV |
General Organization for Fruits and Vegetables (Ch. 10) |
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GOP |
General Organization for Poultry (Ch. 10) |
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GOS |
General Organisation for Sugar (Ch. 6) |
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GOSM |
General Organization for Seed Multiplication (Ch. 14) |
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GSSE |
General Services Support Estimate (Ch. 3) |
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HACCP |
Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (Ch. 7) |
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HBS |
Household Budget Survey (Ch. 1) |
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IB |
Industrial Bank (Ch. 14) |
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ICARDA |
International Center for Agricultural Reasearch in the Dry Areas (Ch. 14) |
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IDB |
Industrial Development Bank (Ch. 1) |
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IMF |
International Monetary Fund (Ch. 1, Ch. 2) |
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INEA |
Istituto Nazionale di Economia Agraria - Italy (Ch. 7) |
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IOOC |
International Olive Oil Council (Ch. 7) |
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ISMEA |
Istituto di Servizi per il Mercato Agricolo Alimentare - Italy (Ch. 7) |
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ISO |
International Organisation for Standardisation (Ch. 7) |
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MAAR |
Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (Ch. 1, Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 12) |
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MCs |
Mediterranean Countries (Ch. 2) |
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MEFT |
Ministry of Economy and Foreign Trade (Ch. 1, Ch. 10) |
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MFN |
Most Favoured Nation (Ch. 2) |
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MPS |
Market Price Support (Ch. 1) |
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MSIT |
Ministry of Supply and Internal Trade (Ch. 10) |
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NA |
National Accounts (Ch. 1) |
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NGR |
National Guaranteed Quota (Ch. 7) |
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NPC |
Nominal Protection Coefficients (Ch. 3) |
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NTB |
Non-Tariff Barriers (Ch. 2) |
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O & M |
Operation and Maintenance (Ch. 13) |
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OECD |
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (Ch. 3) |
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PCB |
Popular Credit Bank (Ch. 1, Ch. 14) |
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Public Debt Fund (Ch. 1, Ch. 14) |
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POSF |
Post Office Saving Fund (Ch. 1) |
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PSE |
Producer Subsidy Estimates (Ch. 3) |
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PSF |
Price Stabilisation Fund (Ch. 1, Ch. 2) |
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PTA |
Preferential Traffic Active (Ch. 7) |
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PU |
Peasant Union (Ch. 12) |
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R&D |
Research and Development (Ch. 10) |
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RCA |
Revealed Comparative Advantage (Ch. 2) |
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REB |
Real Estate Bank (Ch. 1, Ch. 14) |
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ROO |
Rules of Origin (Ch. 2) |
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SAC |
Supreme Agricultural Council (Ch. 6, Ch. 10, Ch. 14) |
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SEBC |
Syrian-European Business Centre (Ch. 2, Ch. 7) |
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SP |
Syrian pound (Ch. 3) |
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TAFCO |
same as GFTOCF |
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TRQ |
Tariff-Rate Quota (Ch. 2) |
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TSE |
Total Support Estimate (Ch. 3) |
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TSP |
Triple Superphosphate (Ch. 14) |
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USDA |
United States Department of Agriculture (Ch. 3) |
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WTO |
World Trade Organization (Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 3, Ch. 13) |
Glossary of special terms
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Amiri land |
crown land (in ottoman times) (Ch. 12) |
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Badia |
desert and semi-desert pastoral areas (Ch. 12) |
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Chawish |
labour contractor and organizer (Ch. 12) |
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DAP |
(Di-ammonium phosphate) containing 18% nitrogen and 46% P2O5 (Ch. 14) |
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Decision |
legal term analogous to a decree (Ch. 12) |
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Donum |
land measure equal to 1/10 of a hectare (Ch. 10, Ch. 12) |
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Fellah |
peasant (Ch. 12) |
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HACCP |
(Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points) System of procedures and analyses to check any stage of the whole food process in a firm from inputs acquirement to outputs stocking and selling, to avoid food healthy risks for consumers. It is a tool linked to ISO concepts and methods (Ch. 7) |
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Hema |
form of collective rights on grazing land in Al Badia (Ch. 5) |
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ISO |
(International Organisation for Standardisation) Set of standards concerning Quality Assurance systems. Standard refers to the organisational structure, the procedures, processes and resources, to guarantee the management of quality and the satisfaction of customers. (Ch. 7) |
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K |
potassium (Ch. 14) |
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Laban |
yoghourt (Ch. 10) |
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Labne |
condensed yoghourt (Ch. 10) |
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Mantika |
district, include a series of nahiyas (Ch. 12) |
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Mohafaza |
governorate/province, includes a number of mantikas (Ch. 10, Ch. 12) |
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Muraba’a |
(quarter) system of labour payment in kind as a share of the crop (Ch. 12) |
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Murabaa |
(quarter) sharecropper receiving a quarter share (old system) (Ch. 12) |
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Muthstatmir |
entrepreneur/investor in agriculture (Ch. 12) |
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N |
(nitrogen) (Ch. 14) |
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Nahiya |
basic administrative structure covering a group of villages (Ch. 12) |
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NGR |
(National Guaranteed Quota) Community agricultural policy financial stabilisers; public intervention guarantees only up to a maximum level of production for each member country. Adjustment procedures are provided for between one year’s production and the following one (Ch. 7) |
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P |
phosphorus (Ch. 14) |
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PTA |
(Preferential Traffic Active) Represents the possibility of EU enterprises to import products exceeding the annual allowed quota but only for industrial processing and to re-export to extra-EU world markets. EC Reg. 2913/92 defines it as “Inward Processing Traffic”. (Ch. 7) |
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SEBC |
(Syrian-European Business Centre) offices in Damascus and Aleppo - Syria (Ch. 2, Ch. 7) |
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Tariffication |
conversion of non-tariff barriers into their tariff equivalents. In the Uruguay Round, all agricultural NTBs were tariffed and bound. (Ch. 2) |
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TRQ |
(Tariff-Rate Quota) a quota with lower tariff. Measure under which a good is subject to a tariff, but a certain quantity - the “quota” - is admitted at a lower, sometimes zero, tariff. TRQs are mainly applied to agricultural trade and can be seasonal. (Ch. 2) |
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TSP |
(Triple Superphosphate) containng 46% P2O5 (Ch. 14) |
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Urea |
fertilizer containing 46% nitrogen (Ch. 14) |
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Urf’ |
customary law (Ch. 12) |
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Wakf |
religious endowment (Ch. 12) |
