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Appendix II

Commonly consumed foods with potential functional properties and health benefits


Foods

Probable bioactive component(s) responsible for health benefits

Possible health benefits

Grain Products, Fruits and Vegetables

Dietary Fiber

Reduce risk to cancer

Grain Products, Fruits and Vegetables

Fiber, particularly Soluble Fiber

Lower risk of coronary heart disease

Soya bean

Phytosterols, isoflavones, saponins, phenolic acids, phytic acid

Anticarcinogens, lower blood cholesterol

Broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables

Glucosinolates are converted to indoles, isothiacyanates

Reduce risk to cancer

Tomato, papaya watermelon

Lycopene

Reduce risk to cancer

Hawthorn Fruit

Flavonoids

Reduce risk to coronary heart disease

Mushroom

Eritadenine

Lower blood cholesterol

Marine fish

Omega 3 fatty acids (DHA, EPA)

Reduce risk to coronary heart disease

Tea (green and black)

flavonoids, especially catechins

Reduce risk to coronary heart disease

Yoghurt

Bifido bacteria

Improve gut health and reduce risk to colon cancers

Turmeric

Curcumin

Carminative, astringent and antiseptic; reduce risk to cancer

Ginger

Gingerol

Relieves flatulence, anti inflammatory action

Garlic

Allyl sulphur compounds

Lower blood cholesterol, inhibit cancer process

Rice bran oil

Phytosterols, oryzanol, tocotrienol

Lower blood cholesterol


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