Appendix 2

Regional Workshop Summaries

• Tehran, October 2002
• Nairobi, December 2002
• Bamako, January 2004

Near East Regional Workshop, Tehran, 28-31 October 2002

The Role of Planted Forests, Trees Outside Forests and Urban, Peri-urban Forests in Sustainable Forest Management in Low Forest Cover Countries

SUMMARY

Introduction

The purpose of the workshop, based upon the Tehran Process recommendations, through the presentation of LFCC country case studies, was to share lessons learned and translate recommendations into achievable strategies and actions. These strategies and actions, are intended for incorporation into national forest programmes, and to be used in the preparation of proposals to donors including follow-on support through the FAO-Netherlands Partnership Programme (FNPP).

Participants included policy, planning and technical officers, responsible for decision making with respect to sustainable natural resources management from Governments and international and regional agencies.

The countries represented at the Near East Regional Workshop included North Africa, the Gulf and temperate zones representing a range of cultural, social, economic, environmental, governance and institutional characteristics.

At the workshop, the following were covered:

• Participants were reminded of the Tehran Process initiatives for low forest cover countries;
• Country case studies for Tunisia, Oman and Iran were presented and discussed, as examples of status and trends in forestry and livelihoods in different conditions prevailing in different low forest cover conditions (environmental, social, economic, cultural, institutional); and
• Participating countries were able to contribute their inputs, thus enabling participants to share experiences and ways forward in initiatives relating to planted forests, trees outside forests and urban and peri-urban forestry with respect to sustainable forest management and livelihoods in low forest cover countries.

Three working groups were formed, based upon the topics: i) planted forests; ii) trees outside forests; and iii) urban/peri-urban forests. The purpose of the working group sessions was to discuss issues, constraints, opportunities, conclusions and recommended actions for the way forward on selected topics.

This summary brings together the outputs of the working groups into a Main Findings and Recommended Actions as a formal output of the Workshop.

Concepts and definitions

A consensus was agreed on the concepts of planted forests, trees outside forests and urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces. It was recognized that with the diversity of forest types from participating countries their definitions of forests and wooded lands would differ, so for working purposes, it was agreed to adopt the concepts and definitions as reflected in FAO documents, particularly FRA 2000. These reflected a consensus from member countries, international agencies and organizations as agreed in expert consultative group meetings.

Objective

Through working group discussions, bring together recommendations that enhance the role of afforestation and reforestation as an accelerator and a correct means to achieve sustainable forest management which is the backbone of sustainable livelihoods.

Constraints

Common factors

Physical

• Severe climate and fragility of ecosystems;
• Severe scarcity of water, particularly in selected areas; and
• Sub-optimal management of water.

Legal/policy/planning framework

• Under-valuation of the benefits (environmental, social) as they do not always contribute highly to Government revenues;
• Lack of political will;
• Because of poor financial viability and the long term nature of rehabilitation, it can be difficult to attract necessary financial resources and incentives compared with other sectors;
• Inadequate and inconsistent laws, policies and development plans related to natural resource management between sectors;
• Inadequate account of traditional laws in formal laws;
• Lack of multi-disciplinary, integrated approaches, coordinated planning programmes and collaboration between sectors; and
• Unclear land ownership or land-use rights mean that an exploitative economic environment prevails.

Institutional framework

• Socio-political pressure and interventions;
• Weakness of institutional capacity in some countries;
• Insufficient networking both on a national and regional basis;
• Unclear management roles between governments, communities, smallholders, NGOs, municipalities and the private sector;
• Imbalance between the number of professionals and lack of field managers and technicians; and
• Limited educational curriculum development to maintain pace with modern and traditional knowledge and technology.

Technical/management

• Lack of research information on a variety of issues including: seed sources, arid/saline, site, species/provenance matching, invasive species, alternative mechanisms of growing, indigenous and exotic silviculture;
• Lack of genetic and wider tree improvement programmes (seed orchards and centres, nursery, silviculture);
• Lack of monitoring of past afforestation and reforestation in terms of advocacy in water and environmental protection;
• Lack of reliable and updated forest resources, growth and yield data;
• Lack of consideration of traditional knowledge to consider alongside scientific knowledge; and
• Poor forest and tree protection against fire, pests, diseases and destructive interventions by man.

Social/environmental

• Insufficient respect for ownership rights, community rights, traditional rights;
• Lack of baseline and subsequent socio-economic and environmental impact assessments prior to and after afforestation and reforestation;
• Insufficient public awareness as well as awareness of the potential role of NGOs;
• Protected area management by the public sector too often disregard the livelihoods of local communities and smallholders whose lives depend upon these areas; and
• Lack of participatory planning and management.

Planted forests

• Because of the poor financial viability, it is difficult to attract investment in the husbandry of forest and tree-based systems compared with other land uses (e.g. annual crops);
• Lack of sound field management data and operational maps;
• Lack of silvicultural and protection management of planted forests;
• No requirements for, or guidelines on, preparation of management plans for planted forests;
• Lack of appropriate technology – e.g. manpower vs machinery or manpower vs chemicals;
• Lack of commitment and understanding in taking into consideration the vital needs and aspirations of the rural family; and
• Heavy focus on exotic forest species, without full consideration of the environmental and social implications, compared with indigenous species.

Trees outside forests

• Lack of general awareness among managers, policy and decision makers about the role and potential of TOF in supplying social and economic products; and
• High cost of TOF resource evaluation, with regard to the types of resources and systems.

Urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces

• Lack of interest, involvement and commitment from foresters and other stakeholders;
• Lack of knowledge of adapted species for urban conditions including pollution, pests, diseases and fires;
• Lack of water sources and efficiency of water utilization;
• High price of land;
• Limited involvement of civil society in greening urban areas;
• Absence of linkages between social, economic and environmental factors in the urban development process;
• Lack of global vision (long-term planning and management); and
• Lack of means and capacities of municipalities and partners.

Opportunities

Opportunities in no order of priority:

Common factors

• Afforestation/reforestation as a means to enhance soil and water protection, land stabilization, carbon sequestration and urban development, is increasingly recognized nationally and internationally;
• Implementation of agreed criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management can address the key resources, social, environmental, cultural and economic dimensions;
• Afforestation/reforestation for diversification of the landscape for production, protection, conservation, aesthetics and recreation is increasingly recognized;
• International processes and donors are more receptive to support and provision of financial and other resources to invest in afforestation and reforestation;
• Rehabilitation of denuded and degraded lands enhance biodiversity and this needs to be promoted strongly;
• Opportunity to decrease excessive runoff and help to ameliorate flood hazard;
• Preferential, low interest loan availability for afforestation, reforestation and trees outside forests;
• Improvements in water management efficiency and new technology available;
• Rehabilitation of unique forests for not only biodiversity conservation but controlled eco-tourism emerging;
• Inter-sectoral collaboration and integrated land-use planning shows potential;
• Potential to engage other stakeholders outside the public sector (NGOs, CBOs, civil society, State Enterprises, private sector and possibly the army) to reduce central Government costs for maintenance and exploitation. This could allow more effective control over forest resources; environmental benefits and local conflict resolution, natural resources for local development; effective management through partnerships and sustainable livelihoods for the community;
• Adoption of participatory planning approaches are helping to mobilize and engage communities and families in a positive way;
• Awareness raising with Government decision makers, schools and with the general public remains relatively untapped;
• Integration of scientific and traditional knowledge is a relatively new concept with potential; and
• Safe use of waste and sewage treated waters is potentially available for forest and tree planting.

Planted forests and trees outside forests

• Planted forests and TOFs can provide wood and non-wood forest products to substitute for forest product imports. This can increase revenue and improve livelihoods of local communities.

Urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces

• Integration of nature, wildlife and forest realities in urban environments;
• Possibility for LFCCs endowed with substantial experience and expertise to assist other LFCCs;
• Development of silvicultural treatments adapted to new forms of use in urban conditions;
• Urban communities can benefit from in-country forestry capacity in forest management;
• Dynamism of city development provides possibilities to integrate UPUFG into urban expansion and changes;
• Availability of large urban and peri-urban forests established in the past; and
• Committed technical personnel are available in municipalities.

What lessons have been learned?

Common factors

• Multi-purpose species are well protected by local people;
• Indigenous species preference for establishment, adaptation to sites, pest and disease resistance, contribution to conservation of biodiversity, resistance to fire and valuable source of wood and non-wood forest products;
• Metrological data is critical in planning successful planted forestry species (e.g. early warning systems for predicting drought);
• Decentralization has given more incentive to local authorities for better management and expansion of planted forestry species;
• Regular reforms in forest policy and law, to harmonize and recognize local peoples rights and roles for participation in decision making, serve as a sound basis for forest and planting development and conservation management;
• Consistency in policy, laws, regulations and plans is necessary to complement sustainable natural resource management and sustainable forest management;
• Water harvesting technologies (both indigenous and modern), for ground waters and planting techniques, are recognized as vital to successful afforestation and reforestation.

Planted forests

• Recognition that exotic species have a place in forest plantation development in commercial and industrial purposes and in acting as a nurse species in sand-dune reclamation;
• Positive financial benefit which meets the needs of rural communities from investment in planted forests can result in excellent forest management, protection and harvesting to diversify rural community income;
• Introduction of exotic species without due research and development can lead to negative results (e.g. invasiveness);
• Integrated scientific and indigenous knowledge is necessary for success;
• Planted forest harvesting can help to reduce exploitation of natural forests for wood and fuelwood products;
• Participation of communities in planning and plantation forest management has had successful results; and
• Combating desertification can involve cross border initiatives. These require international cooperation between countries and international agencies.

Trees outside forests

• Indigenous knowledge of tree species selection and domestication;
• Extension of technologies and knowledge, including their use for common benefits;
• Inclusion of traditional knowledge in the academic curricula; and
• Undertake further research of traditional knowledge for better understanding and valuation.

Urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces

• The public demand for “green” services has been steadily growing and as such has constituted the major driving forces for UPUFG expansion and improvement;
• There is a lack of criteria and indicators definition, particularly in regard to the optimal balance between forestry and urban development;
• Foresters have to give more priority to UPUFG and provide it with more significance within their policy and legislative frameworks;
• Awareness campaigns (tree days, media) have been used extensively to promote UPUFG and seem to have reasonable impact;
• Although not always adequate, the combined government and civil society commitment are on the rise and their synergies have definite impact on UPUFG;
• There is a high potential for UPUFG development and a more important role for the foresters to play in this development;
• Foresters have to be better equipped and trained to meet the challenge; and
• The positive role played by the private sector and NGOs in the process of UPUFG development needs to be better acknowledged and enhanced.

Gaps in knowledge

Common factors

• Technical assistance for development and update of forest assessment and information systems;
• Water harvesting with the need to develop appropriate irrigation and watering techniques;
• How to communicate and link locally, nationally, regionally and internationally into appropriate networks, for information on production and information on potential marketing, with a focal role for the LFCCs Secretariat;
• Scientific studies to determine characteristics and distribution of the ecological zones (mountains, climate and soils).
• Research of a wider range of mechanisms, species (including indigenous), silviculture, nursery management, particularly dry zones;
• Review of professional and management training to update curricula;
• Access to alternative international financing including CDMs, for afforestation and reforestation;
• Studies on the impacts of afforestation and reforestation on carbon sequestration and enhancement of biological diversity and complementing protected area management in indigenous forests in LFCCs; and
• How to incorporate socio-economic, environmental and cross-sectoral issues such as gender balance, including meeting the needs of ethnic minorities, through participatory planning, evaluation and monitoring.

Planted forests

• Monitoring of international markets for wood and non-wood forest products;
• Development of growth and financial simulation models for the main afforestation and reforestation methods; and
• Guidelines for collaborative partnerships and management planning for forest plantation development.

Trees outside forests

• We need to look inward for our own traditional knowledge as a basis for development; and
• Concept and definition of TOFs needs more elaboration.

Urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces

• Lack of awareness among policy makers, particularly in regard UPUFG;
• Lack of “Scheme Director” and no priority given to UPUFG;
• Lack of information on urban development;
• Lack of continuity in programme implementation and monitoring;
• Lack of participation of the neighbourhood in planning; and
• Lack of adapted modern techniques for monitoring dynamics and evolution of cities and UPUFG.

The practical way forward – recommended actions

Common factors

• Existing forest resources and TOFs of the Near East Region should be identified and mapped;
• Adopt an eco-regional and ecosystem approach;
• Include the enhanced role of planted forests and TOFs into national forest programmes in LFCCs;
• Exchange of knowledge and capacity building through workshops, training courses, technical expertise and education opportunities;
• The specific conditions prevailing within each country must be considered, in determining the use of afforestation, reforestation or TOFs in planting developments;
• Two publications of newsletter for LFCC issues, research, new technologies, success stories, linkages with NGOs, international processes and other agencies;
• Update and expand LFCCs website regularly;
• Invite NGOs to contribute to the Near East Forestry Commission for exchange of knowledge and experiences;
• An award for excellence be instigated for contribution to LFCC forestry in the Near East region;
• Document and enumerate the traditional knowledge regarding TOF according to standardized format in each country through involvement of all stakeholders, with CBD, CCD, IUCN, LFCC, and NGOs focal points;
• In recognition of the critical potential role of the LFCC Secretariat, the necessary resources (financial, personnel and other) be allocated to carry out their functions more effectively; and
• FAO assist Near East region LFCCs to submit a project idea for a major regional integrated, multi-dimensional project to promote afforestation, reforestation and TOFs to conserve biodiversity, sequester carbon, protect soil and water values, enhance social services, provide wood and non-wood forest products in selected priority areas of need. Potential donors to whom projects could be submitted include: Islamic Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, African Development Bank, World Bank, GM, CDMs and GEF facilities.

Planted forests

• Translate criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management into actions in LFCCs with regard to planted forests;
• Encourage afforestation and reforestation on private and collective lands by providing adequate loans and incentives according to context;
• Establish alternative demonstrations of mechanisms of planted forest and tree resources development in countries with demonstrated need and commitment; and
• Document success stories in planted forest and tree resources development in the region.

Trees outside forests

• Give academic status to traditional knowledge;
• Outcomes of studies on traditional knowledge be presented and discussed in a regional workshop, jointly organized by FAO, ICRAF, ICRISAT, and other relevant partners;
• Establish a network of institutions and experts on TOF, under management of LFCC Secretariat;
• Consider and enhance the important role of TOF as part of farming systems;
• Value (processing, value-adding), TOF resources through establishment of market system analyses; and
• Encourage South-South cooperation in promotion of TOF.

Urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces

• Access information centres for better information such as definition of information collection mechanisms and promoting regional networks on UPUFG;
• Document success stories in UPUFG design, implementation and management;
• Conduct studies comparing activities, experiments, models, results and impacts;
• Organize workshops or expert meetings on indicators and criteria for a proper balance between UPUFG and urban spaces, appropriate functions for UPUFG, and design and programming;
• Programme a regional awareness campaign by the LFCCs Secretariat, based on information provided between countries and municipalities;
• Twinning between South-South and North-South municipalities for exchange of experience and expertise for mutual support in enhancing UPUFG development; and
• The Parks and Green Spaces Organization, Tehran (as a centre of excellence) in collaboration with FAO and the LFCCs Secretariat, jointly host a workshop on UPUFG for LFCCs in the Near East region.

How can LFCCs, LFCC Secretariat, donors, international agencies and other stakeholders mobilize their resources so that the outputs of workshops become tangible outcomes in the field?

LFCCs

• Urge member countries make special budget allocation for afforestation, reforestation and TOF development;
• Urge member countries to provide funds to be loaned by agricultural banks or similar agencies on long-term low interest rate basis;
• Appoint a focal point for liaison on all matters relating to LFCCs;
• Wealthy LFCCs allocate funds for initiatives in afforestation, reforestation and TOFs in developing LFCCs; and
• LFCCs Government share in a partnership with the LFCC Secretariat and the Islamic Republic of Iran in providing personnel and other resources.

LFCC Secretariat

• Enable LFCC Secretariat to present member countries cause to regional, bilateral and multi-lateral financial agencies and donors with FAO and UNEP support;
• LFCC Secretariat approach the regional and bilateral financial agencies through the Government of Iran, to support afforestation, reforestation and TOFs as vehicles for rural development and poverty alleviation;
• Implement the recommendations of the FAO (McConnell and Abdel Nour) consultancy report on the LFCC Secretariat with respect to support for afforestation, reforestation and TOFs;
• Establish a steering committee for the LFCCs Secretariat including host country Iran, selected LFCC members, FAO and UNEP to facilitate support systems to achieve actions in afforestation, reforestation and TOFs;
• Language for communication with the LFCC Secretariat to be in Arabic, French and English;
• LFCC Secretariat to have a role in implementation of the recommendations of the six LFCC country case studies supported by FAO-FNPP; and
• LFCC Secretariat to take the cause of LFCCs to international processes, international conventions and other international meetings as a permanent and viable office.

International processes and meetings

• Participation in UNCCD, UNCBD, UNFF, UNFCCC, CPF as possible; and
• Presentations at key international meetings (e.g. World Forestry Congress).

List of Participants

Near East LFCCs Regional Workshop, Tehran, Iran, 28-31 October 2002

Participants
Mr. En. Naser Moghaddasi, Director General, Forest Engineering, Forest Range and Watershed Organization and LFCCs Secretariat, Lashkarak Rd, FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6497925; Fax: 98-21-6497926; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]	Mr. Dr. Shamekhi, University of Tehran, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Karaj, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2223044-6; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. En. Mohammad Ebrahim Fallah Konan, Deputy Director General, International Cooperation, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Lashkarak Rd, FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2490696; Fax: 98-21-2446556; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. En. Hajimirsadeghi, National Forestry Consultant, Moghadas Ardibili Ave, No 107, Morvarid Complex No 65, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2420975, 2423348; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. En. Majid Seifollahian, Member of High Council for Forest Range and Soil, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Lashkarak Rd, FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2446547; Fax: 98-21-2446505; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. En. Hedayati, Deputy, Bureau of Reforestation, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Chalus, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-191-2222825; Fax: 98-191-2226526; E-mail: NA
Mr. En. Bizhan Biglarbeigi, Member of High Council, for Foredst Range and Soil, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Lashkarak Rd, FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2446506; Fax: 98-21-2446551; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Shahbaz Yazdani, Head, International Affairs, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. En. Jamshid Aghazamani, Director General, Semi Humid Zone Forests Bureau, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Lashkarak Rd, FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2456528; Fax: 98-21-2456505; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Dr. Mohammad Moayeri, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Forestry, University of Gorgan, Shaheed Beheshti St. Gorgan, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-171-5522465; Fax: 98-171-2245964 E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. Behzad Bozorgmehr, Senior Expert, Tehran Parks and Green Space Organization, Tehran Municipality Argentine Square, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2539105; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Amir Jamshidi, Senior Expert, Tehran Parks and Green Space Organization, Tehran Municipality Argentine Square, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8735016; Fax: 98-21-8080926 and 98-21-8735070; E-mail: NA
Ms. Sepideh Ghavizari, Tehran Parks and Green Space Organization, Tehran Municipality Argentine Square, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6435443; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Hossein Maleki, Councilor, Department for International Economic Affairs, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-3212671; Fax: 98-21-6704176; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. M. Jariani, Director General, Technical Bureau for Combating Desertification; Forest Range and Watershed Organization; PO Box 19575/567, Shemiran, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2446514; Fax: 98-21-2446549; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Ghattas Akl, General Director, Natural Resources Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Beirut, LEBANON; Tel: 961-1-331000; Fax: 961-1-280280; E-mail: NA
Mr. Ould Cheikh El Houssein, SidÁhmed Lehbib, Deputy Director, Directory of Environment, PO Box 170, Nouakchott, MAURITANIA; Tel: 222-6478557; Fax: 222-5258386E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Mohamed Kerroum, Director, Ministry of Forests and Water, P.B. Rabat, MOROCCO; Tel: 212-64640971; Fax: 212-377644; E-mail: NA
Mr Mohamed Ali El-Hadi, Director, Department of Reforestation, FNC, PO Box 658, Khartoum, SUDAN; Tel: 249-11-471575; Fax: 249-11-472659; E-mail: NA	Mr. Ali Daoud, Director General, Forestry Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Affairs, Damascus, SYRIA; Tel: 2248964 or 2223368; Fax: 2240826 E-mail: NA
Mr. Ahmed Ridha Fekih Salem, Director General, Forestry Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Hydrology, 30 Rue Alain Savaney, Tunis, TUNISIA; Tel: 216-1-848892; Fax: 216-1-801922 E-mail: NA	Mr. Mohamed Hassan Muqbel, Director of Natural Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation Commission, PO Box 354, Sana’a, YEMEN; Tel: 250977; Fax: 620945; E-mail: NA
Dr. Habib Ketata, Coordinator, ICARDA/Iran Collaborative Project, c/- AREO Tabnak Avenue, Evin, PO Box 111, Tehran, 19835, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2400094; Fax: 98-21-2401855; E-mail: [email protected]	Dr. S.J.H. Rizvi, Plant Physiologist, ICARDA/Iran Collaborative Project, c/- AREO Tabnak Avenue, Evin, PO Box 111, Tehran, 19835, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2400094; Fax: 98-21-2401855; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr Asghar M. Fazel, Director General, Natural History Museums, Department of Environment, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8831297; Fax: 98-21-8824513; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Mostafa Panahi, Forestry Specialist, Director Department of Environment, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8831297; Fax: 98-21-8824513; E-mail: [email protected]
Ms. Razavi, Khadiga Catherine, Executive Director, Centre for Sustainable Development and Representing IUCN/NGOs of Iran, Nobonyad Square – Langari St. 5 Lakpour, Suite 24, Teharan 16936, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN, Tel: 98-21-2954217; Fax: 98-21-2954217; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Hassan Abdel Nour, Senior Forestry Officer, NE Regional Office, FAO, PO Box 2223, Dokki, Cairo, EGYPT; Tel: 202-3316000; Fax: 202-7495981; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. Jim Carle, Senior Forestry Officer, FORM, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, ITALY; Tel: 39-06-57055296; Fax: 39-06-57055137; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Syaka Sadio, Agroforestry and Land- use Officer, FORC, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, ITALY; Tel: 39-06-57053135; Fax: 39-06-57055137; E-mail: [email protected]
Mr. Jean-Louis Blanchez, Forestry Officer, FONS, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, ITALY; Tel: 39-06-57055712; Fax: 39-06-57055137; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Salah Rouchiche, FAO Consultant, Diepenbrockstraat, 9; 2625 XG, Delft, NETHERLANDS; Tel: 31-15-2623312; Fax: 31-15-2623312; E-mail: [email protected]
Guest Speakers
H.E. Mr. M. Samadi, Deputy Minister and Head of FRWO, Min. of Jihad-E-Agriculture, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN	Mr Bozorgmehr Ziyaran, Director General for International Economic and Specialized Organizations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-3212671; Fax: 98-21-6704176; E-mail: NA
Mr Abdur Rashid, Representative, FAO, PO Box 15875-4557, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8960731; Fax: 98-21-8964104; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Mostafa Jafari, Permanent Mission of the Islamic Republic of Iran to FAO, via Aventina 8, Rome, 00153, ITALY; Tel: 39-3393366935; E-mail: [email protected]
LFCCs Secretariat Administrative Support
Mr. Ahmad Lahouti, Senior Forestry Expert, Office for Combating Desertification, LFCCs Secretariat, Third Floor, 4 Shemshad Dd end, Felistin St. Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6497925; Fax: 98-21-6497926; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; [email protected]	Mr. Hossein Badripour, TPN3 Task Manager, LFCCs Secretariat, Third Floor, 4 Shemshad Dd end, Felistin St. Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6497925; Fax: 98-21-6497926; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; or [email protected]
Mr. Kourosh Kabiri Koupaei, Senior Forestry Expert, LFCCs Secretariat, Third Floor, 4 Shemshad Dd end, Felistin St. Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6497925; Fax: 98-21-6497926; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; or [email protected]	Ms. Fatemea Hatami, Senior Forestry Expert, LFCCs Secretariat, Third Floor, 4 Shemshad Dd end, Felistin St. Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-6497925; Fax: 98-21-6497926; E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] or [email protected]
Mr. Saeed Lajevardi, Forester, International Affairs, Forest Range and Watershed Organization, Lashkarak Rd. FRWO, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-2490696; Fax: 98-21-2446556; E-mail: NA
FAO Administrative Support
Mr. Ali Hakimi, Deputy Representative, FAO, PO Box 15875-4557, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8960731; Fax: 98-21-8964104; E-mail: [email protected]	Mr. Behrad Soufi, Administrative Assistant, FAO, PO Box 15875-4557, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8960731; Fax: 98-21-8964104; E-mail: [email protected]
Mrs. Parisa Ardam, Administrative Assistant, FAO, PO Box 15875-4557, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8960731; Fax: 98-21-8964104; E-mail: [email protected]	Ms. Behnoush Assadizadeh, Administrative Clerk, FAO, PO Box 15875-4557, Tehran, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN; Tel: 98-21-8960731; Fax: 98-21-8964104; E-mail: [email protected]

Final Agenda

Near East Regional Workshop, Tehran, 28-31 October 2002

How to Achieve Sustainable Forest Management in Low Forest Cover Countries

Date/Time	Name/Organization	Topic
28 October
0800-0900		Registration and reimbursements
0900-0920	His Excellency Mr. M. Samadi, Deputy Minister and Head of Forest & Range Organization, Ministry of Jihad-E-Agriculture	Welcome and background relating to the Tehran Process
0920-0940	Mr B. Ziyaran, Director General for International Economic and Specialized Organizations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs	Welcome and background to Tehran Process and international follow up
0940-1000	Mr Abdur Rashid, FAO Representative, Tehran	Welcome and background to Project and Workshop
1000-1015	Group Photo and Morning Break
1015-1020	Election of Dr Shamekhi as Chairperson, Jim Carle as Co-chairperson and Secretary	Purpose and structure of the Workshop
1020-1030	Introduction by each Participant	Introduction of participant, organization and role in sustainable forest management in the region
1030-1100	Mr. Naser Moghaddasi, Director General Engineering, FRWO and Director, LFCC Secretariat	Background to the Secretariat and its Role in supporting LFCC issues and actions
1100-1115	Mr. Syaka Sadio, Forest Resources Division, Forestry Department, FAO, Rome	FAO Initiatives in LFCCs
1115-1130	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome	FAO-Netherlands Project
1130-1150	Mr. Jean-Louis Blanchez, Policy and Planning Division, FAO, Rome	Introduction to the Near East Outlook Study
1150-1200	Nominee for Benno Boer, UNESCO	Statement
1200-1330	Lunch Break
1330-1500	Mr. Jafari, I. R. Iran representative to FAO, Country Representatives, IUCN, ICARDA, NGO Coalition	Statements
1500-1515	Afternoon Break
1515-1545	Salah Rouchiche, FAO Consultant, The Netherlands	Oman Case Study
1545-1615	Mr Ahmed Ridha Fekih Salem, Director General, Forestry Department, Ministry of Agriculture, EnvironmentHydrology,, Tunisia	Tunisia Case Study
1615-1645	Mr Mirsadeghi, FAO Consultant, Tehran	Iran Case Study
1645-1700	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO	Case Study Summary/Guidelines for working sessions

Date/Time	Name/Organization	Topic
29 October
0800-0830	Guidelines and composition of working groups	Composition and topic of working groups
0830-1000	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1200	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1200-1330	Lunch
1330-1500	Working Groups Report to full workshop	Report according to guidelines
1500-1530	Afternoon Break
1530-1800		Field Visit to FRWO Protection Plantation Agros Mountain, Tehran
30 October
0800-0830	Guidelines and composition of working groups	Composition and topic of working groups
08030-1000	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1200	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1200-1330	Lunch
1330-1500	Working group Sessions	According to guidelines
1500-1530	Afternoon Break
1530-1700	Working Groups Report to full workshop	Report according to guidelines
1930-2200	Mr Abdur Rashid, FAO Representative	FAO Reception, Sonati Restaurant, Homu Hotel, Tehran
31 October
0830-1000	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome, translation by Hassan Abdel Nour and Salah Rouchiche with inputs from the Plenary	Presentation of Summary of Working Session Main Findings and Recommendations, Discussion and approval of outputs of workshop
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1230	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome with inputs from the Plenary	Continued discussion and approval of Main Findings and Recommendations
1230-1400	Lunch
1400-1500	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome with inputs from the Plenary	Continued discussion and approval of Main Findings and Recommendations
1500-1520	Mr. Hassan Abdul Nour, Senior Forestry Officer, Near East Regional Office, FAO, Cairo, Egypt	The way forward – outputs of this workshop for inputs to other initiatives
1520-1540	Forest & Range Organization/Ministry of Jihad-E-Agriculture	Concluding remarks as host of LFCC Secretariat and Workshop and lead agency on LFCC initiatives
1540-1600	Dr. Shamekhi Chairperson; Mr. Jim Carle, Co-chairperson, Mr. SidÁhmed Lehbib, Mauritania	Closing Remarks, close Workshop

Africa Regional Workshop, Nairobi, Kenya, 10-13 December 2002

The Role of Planted Forests, Trees Outside Forests and Urban, Peri-urban Forests in Sustainable Forest Management in Low Forest Cover Countries

SUMMARY

Introduction

The purpose of the workshop, based upon the Tehran Process recommendations, through the LFCC country case studies was to share lessons learned and translate recommendations into achievable strategies and actions and for incorporation into national forest programmes and preparation of proposals to donors including follow-on support through the FAO-Netherlands Partnership Programme (FNPP).

Participants included policy, planning and technical officers responsible for decision making with respect to sustainable natural resources management from Governments and international and regional agencies.

The major ecological regions represented included arid Northern Africa, East and West Sahelian Africa; Southern Africa, Small Island Developing States and a Central African State which represented a range of cultural, social, economic, environmental and institutional characteristics.

The workshop recapped on the Tehran Process initiatives for low forest cover countries, presented and discussed the Mali, Ethiopia and Namibian country case studies and inputs from participating countries as examples of status and trends in forestry and livelihoods in different conditions prevailing in different low forest cover conditions (environmental, social, economic, cultural, institutional). This material allowed participants to share experiences and ways forward in initiatives relating to planted forests, trees outside forests and urban and peri-urban forestry with respect to sustainable forest management and livelihoods in low forest cover countries.

Two working groups were formed, based upon two topics: i) planted forests; and ii) trees outside forests and urban/peri-urban forests. The purpose of the working group sessions was to discuss issues, constraints, opportunities, conclusions and recommended actions for the way forward on selected topics.

This summary melds the outputs of the working groups into a Main Findings and Recommended Actions as a formal output of the Workshop.

Concepts and definitions

A consensus was agreed on the concepts of planted forests, trees outside forests and urban, peri-urban forests and green spaces. It was recognized that the diversity of forest types from participating countries that their definitions of forests, wooded lands, etc., differed, so it was agreed to adopt, for working purposes, the concepts and definitions as reflected in FAO documents, particularly FRA 2000. These reflected a consensus from member countries, international agencies and organizations as agreed in expert consultative group meetings.

Objectives

Development Objective

Enhance the role of planted forests and trees to support natural forest and agriculture management in a landscape approaches to achieve sustainable forest management, the backbone for sustainable livelihoods.

Immediate objectives

• Rehabilitation of degraded lands, enhancing biodiversity conservation, protecting against soil erosion, safeguarding water supplies, improving agricultural production through maintenance of soil fertility and diversifying the landscape;
• Improving and diversifying revenues in the fight against poverty and food insecurity through the exploitation of wood and non-wood forest products;
• Provision of sustainable supply of wood and non-wood forest products for subsistence and industrial uses; and
• Improving quality of life through shade, beautification and absorbing pollutants and sequestering carbon.

Major issues

Common factors

• New decentralization, participatory, inter-sectoral and multi-disciplinary approaches require different institutional frameworks, training and skills by forest planners and management;
• Institutional reforms defining new roles of State, private sector (corporate and smallholder), communities, NGOs result in an unclear state of transition;
• Inter-sectoral planning and monitoring committees and working groups exist, but in many countries, are not able to achieve the desired sustainable land-use outcomes in practice; and
• Addressing SFM in an environment of poverty, food insecurity, high population growth, intense pressure for fuelwood, wood and NWFPs are issues beyond the forestry sector alone.

Planted forests

• Debates continue regarding the quality and sustainability of planted forests by State versus those by private (corporate or smallholder).

Constraints

The main constraints noted, in no order of priority, included:

Common factors

Physical

• Extreme conditions of land allocated as forest land (rainfall/drought, fragile soils), combined by extreme social and economic pressures to subsistence and trade.

Legal/policy/planning framework

• Inconsistent Government policies, legal, planning and regulatory framework;
• Competition and conflicts for suitable land due to lack of Land-use Development plans, particularly with the agriculture sectors; and
• Security of land and crop tenure can severely limit confidence and hinder development of planted trees and forests which require long term investment.

Institutional framework

• Narrow perception of the roles and values of planted forests and tree resources by key Government decision makers which can result in limited allocation of resources and poor performance of planted forests (limited funds for tending, silviculture, protection after planting);
• Decentralization and autonomy is not always done with full institutional reforms (retraining, allocation of appropriate resources);
• Many institutions are involved in natural resources management and land-use issues, resulting in incoherent land-use and confusing and conflicting initiatives;
• Frequent institutional changes create organizational instabilities and sub-optimal performance in the management of trees and forests;
• Past lack of political commitment and allocation of resources to State planted trees and forest development; and
• Poor access to markets for wood and non-wood forest products.

Technical/management

• Lack of forest and tree resources data and information which translates into a lack of information on performance of planted trees and forest mechanisms, site/species matching, etc;
• Limited technology to increase productivity of planted trees and forests and agricultural crops (water harvesting, genetic and tree improvement, silviculture, harvesting, utilization); and
• Lack of compliance of stakeholders with policies, laws, regulations and codes of practice (this can involve private sector, NGOs, donors and State).

Social/environmental

• Insufficient access of women and youth to land, particularly in participatory approaches to planted trees and forest development; and
• Unsolved cultural constraints specifically related to sacred forests where sustainable forest management principles and practices are not applied.

Opportunities

Opportunities, in no order of priority, included:

Common factors

• Application of the newly developed national level principles, criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management provides the foundation on which to plan, manage and monitor planted trees and forests;
• The ongoing review of legal, policy and planning frameworks allows incorporation of innovative, new concepts and approaches;
• Free market dynamics (particularly prices) gives opportunity to diversify and to adopt more flexible approaches in pursuit of optimal financial benefits;
• Decentralization and adoption of participatory approaches allows local Government and individual investor decision making previously centrally controlled;
• Application of new technology (eg more effective use of water, genetic resources, tree improvement practices, research results, etc.) into planted trees and forest development;
• Integration of planted trees and forests in an ecosystem approach that incorporates agriculture and forest resources;
• Availability and access to new technology and collaboration between countries through networking, including via the internet, publications, regional/national and sub-national meetings and study tours;
• Engage political decision makers to translate their awareness and commitment to international processes (desertification, biodiversity, climate change) into commitment of resources for planted forest development;
• Articulate and integrate planted trees and forest issues into nfps to reflect commitment to international processes and national priorities in order to maximize the opportunities of increasing availability of funding and technical support from international donors; and
• Engage in, and adopt, a new framework with the LFCC Secretariat moving from an interim body to a strong, global Secretariat to be more pro-active on key issues on behalf of LFCCs.

Lessons learned

Common factors

• Participation of rural communities is essential in achieving sustainable forest management, including melding scientific and traditional knowledge in approaches and mechanisms giving full access to information, education and communication;
• Forestry makes a significant contribution to address poverty alleviation and food security;
• Giving secure tenurial rights to land and tree resources is essential as a foundation on which to build an investment programme on tree planting towards sustainable forest management and ensure supply of wood and non-wood forest products;
• Decentralization and participatory approaches must be supported by appropriate legal, policy, regulatory and planning frameworks which must be reflected in institutional reforms with clear mandates of the main stakeholders;
• An enabling environment is necessary to enhance the opportunities and role of the private sector (corporate and smallholder) into forestry development;
• Integration of forestry with other forms of land-use can have negative effects if the site/species, growing mechanisms and management are not properly addressed (Acacia, Prosopis);
• Equitable benefit sharing between stakeholders is necessary for conservation and development of forest resources;
• The introduction of environmental programmes into the school system and capacity building of stakeholders are necessary to achieve successful planted trees and forest management; and
• Marginal groups, specifically women, must be involved at the outset of formulation of plans and implementation of natural resource management activities.

Planted forests

• Sound planning, management and monitoring is dependent on quality forest resource data (planted forest type, purpose, ownership, species, areas, growth rates, rotations, harvest yields, etc.), information on social (dependence levels, incomes, forest use, etc.), environmental (soil and water quality, contribution to biodiversity).

Trees outside forests, urban and peri-urban forests

• The specific mechanisms for TOFs or UPUFs and the ownership, whether individual or community, will be determined by the purpose intended;
• TOFs and UPUFs have a legally recognized status in many countries however, their true value in wood, NWFPs production and other services have not been fully reflected so they do not get the priority that they deserve in terms of investment; and
• Communication and collaboration between decision makers and researchers and different stakeholders involved in management of TOFs and UPUFs is necessary in order to create synergies for economic growth and conservation of forested areas in the struggle against poverty.

Gaps in knowledge

Gaps in knowledge noted, in no order of priority, included:

Common factors

• Lack of research on the knowledge and technology on indigenous species, silviculture and more flexible people approaches to planted trees and forest development;
• Limited formal national and international market intelligence on supply, demand, price, specifications of forest products (wood and non-wood forest products);
• Means to access new initiatives supporting planted forest development, e.g. CDM, WEHAB, Carbon Funds, GEF and other international funds, etc.;
• Curricula of professional education, technical and community training (including women and youth) do not reflect the major reforms in planted trees and forest development;
• Foresters and communities may understand the principles and to some degree, the practices in sustainable forest management, but subsistence living requires meeting immediate food and simple livelihood needs;
• Lack of knowledge and technologies of more efficient use of woodfuel or alternative methods of providing financially competitive energy sources (e.g. solar, biogas) to reduce dependence on woodfuel; and
• Recognition of the importance of traditional knowledge and the value of incorporating this into forest management.

Planted forests

• Comparative land-use analysis to evaluate financial and economic performance of planted forests with other land-uses; and
• Lack of technical management tools, such as codes of planted forest practice, guidelines for participatory planning, growth and yield models, yield tables for increasing productivity and efficiency in management.

Trees outside forests, urban and peri-urban forests

• Methods of assessing resources, sustainable harvesting, distribution and marketing of TOFs and UPUFs and the wood and non-wood forest products derived from them.

Recommended actions

Recommended actions agreed, in no order of priority, included:

Common factors

• Integrate land-use and sustainable development policies, strategies, legislation and regulations to include forestry and poverty reduction and food security strategies in National Development Plans;
• Establish inter-sectoral planning to integrate land-use policies and implementation mechanisms to ensure these are achieved in practice, with forestry representation to be more pro-active in integrating forestry issues into the rural landscape;
• Change the mindset of foresters from owning the forests to providing the enabling conditions (policy, laws, regulations, strategic planning, monitoring) and support services (extension services, success stories, demonstrations, training, etc.) to private owners (corporate and smallholder), combining technical, scientific and traditional knowledge in decentralized and participatory approaches to meet people’s livelihood needs and respond to market demands;
• The transition from centralized to decentralized and participatory approaches incurs costs in providing technical support services, which must either be borne by appropriate allocation of resources from national treasuries or charged on a user-pays basis;
• Water is a critical input in planted trees and forest development; however, nurseries (large scale central and village based) and planted forests need to demonstrate efficient water management and justify their role in moderating quantity and quality of water to gain preferential treatment from Governments wishing to introduce water taxes on users;
• Prioritize preparedness to drought and other mitigating factors, particularly in combating desertification, famine and environmental calamities (wildland fires) in sustainable forest management, to assist in minimizing impacts and preparation towards securing national and international assistance;
• Apply sound technical forestry knowledge in unison with appropriate policy/legal/regulatory/institutional frameworks to deliver effective field performance;
• Prepare justifications for national forest assessments, including planted forests, TOFs and UPUFs;
• Network appropriate knowledge and technologies in low forest cover countries through electronic and other mass media distribution systems using the LFCC Secretariat with support from FAO and UNEP;
• Gear interventions in planted forests and tree resources to the specific needs of people in particular ecological zones;
• Mobilize the necessary human and financial resources and capacity building to enhance the role of planted trees and forest contribution to sustainable forest management; and
• Ensure planted forests, TOFs and UPUFs have improved seeds and other tree improvement technology available.

Planted forests

• Prepare better justifications and proposals to national Governments and international donors and funding agencies reflecting the full benefits (environmental, social, economic) of planted forests;
• Change the homogeneous (engineering) approaches to planted forest development (primarily exotic species in monocultures) to respond to the more diverse, flexible, heterogeneous (multiple species) approaches to planted forests (including agroforestry, multi-tiered), including multiple species (indigenous and exotic) as appropriate; and
• Conduct successive surveys (baseline and follow up) on the true impacts and contribution of planted forests to social, environmental and economic benefits to the national economy and internalize the true costs where possible.

Trees outside forests, urban and peri-urban forests

• Satisfy demand for wood, fuelwood and NWFPs by planting and management through establishment of village woodlots, integration of trees into the rural and urban landscape in all ecological zones; and
• Support agricultural production and productivity through enhancing soil fertility, agro-silvipastoral, protection of soil and water, fruit tree production, watershed management according to methods to meet specific needs of the different eco-regions.

Roles of countries, donors, international agencies

Recommendations on the immediate roles of major stakeholders, in no order of priority, included:

Low Forest Cover Countries

• With support from FAO/UNEP (and others as appropriate), formally register and nominate a focal point for country membership to the LFCC Secretariat and commit to share appropriate information to network with other LFCCs;
• Request FAO/UNEP to allocate resources from their governing bodies to assist in supporting the development of the LFCC to a full global Secretariat;
• Commit follow up to the Recommended Actions of this workshop by directing to appropriate national authorities; and
• Raise awareness and prepare proposals to national Governments to access funding and technical support from international donors for priority LFCC issues, including access to CDM, WEHAB and other new initiatives.

Low Forest Cover Country Secretariat

• Proactive role of the LFCC Secretariat in being the global focal point on low forest cover country issues, data, lessons learned and sharing of technical information;
• Maintain lobbying for LFCC issues at international processes and meetings; and
• Enhance collaboration and sharing between LFCCs.

International Agencies (FAO, UNEP and regional agencies)

• FAO and UNEP to assist in providing background and justification to LFCC Governments for benefits of membership to the LFCC Secretariat;
• Research and advise LFCC countries on procedures to access funding under the CDM, WEHAB and other new initiatives;
• Provide policy and technical assistance in forest resources assessment, nfp formulation, and provision of management tools and technical support to development of planted forests and tree resources within their capacity; and
• Assist LFCCs to prepare proposals to international donor agencies on projects and programmes related to planted forest, TOFs and UPUFs, including climate change, combating desertification, rehabilitating degraded lands, forestry and poverty alleviation.

List of Participants
African LFCC Regional Workshop
Nairobi, Kenya, 10-13 December 2002

BURUNDI Mr. Astère BARARWANDIKA Directeur du Département des Forêts BP 631 Bujumbura Burundi Tel: (257)22 50 12 ; Fax: (257) 22 89 02 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]	NIGER Mr. Abdou MAISHAROU chef de Division Reboisement et Restauration des Terres à la Direction de l'Environnement BP N° 578 Niamey, Niger Tel: (227) 73 33 29; Fax: (227) 732784 Cell: (227) 974182 E-mail: [email protected]
CHAD Mr. Moctar DIPHANE Direction Générale Ministère de l'Environnement B.P. 447 Ndjaména Chad Tel:53 05 17; Fax: 52 52 32 E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]	SENEGAL Mr. Amadou Ndiaye Directeur adjoint DEFCCS B.P-1831 Dakar, Senegal Tel : (221) 832 06 28 ; Fax : (221) 8320426 E-mail: [email protected]
COMOROS Mr. Abdourahaman Ben Houssen Directeur des Forêts Ministère des Affaires Sociales et du Développement B.P. 775 Moroni Comores Tél: 269 +73.63.57 ; Fax: 269+ 73.63.57 E-mail: [email protected],[email protected]	ALGERIA Mr. Kamil Lechani c/o FAOR B.P. 232 Ben Aknoun Chemin Doudou Mokhtar Alger Algeria Tel: (213) 21 915285 Fax: (213) 21 915318 E-mail: [email protected]
TOGO Mr. GNRONFOUN Kodjovi Koffi, Chef de Division Appui aux Reboisements, Chef du Centre National de Semences Forestières de Davié, Direction des Productions Forestières B.P. 393 Lomé Togo Tel. : 228 222 39 24; Fax : 228 221 03 33 E-mail: [email protected]	BURKINA FASO Mr. Lankoandé Ibrahim Directeur de la foresterie rurale Ministère de l'Environnement et du Cadre de Vie B.P. 6429 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Tel : Tél. 00 226 31 61 19 (office) 00226 21 17 61 (Mobile) E-mail: I [email protected]
LESOTHO Mr. Nchemo Maile Chief Forestry officer P.O. Box 774 Maseru Lesotho Tel: 22312826 (office) 22325172 (house) E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]	MALI Mr. Modibo Coulibaly Chef Division Etudes et Planification Direction Nationale de la Conservation de la Nature Point Focal du Programme National Forestier B.P. 275 Bamako, Mali Tel : (223) 223 36 95/7 ;Fax : (223) 223 36 96 E-mail :[email protected]
KENYA Mr. Anthony M. Maina Senior Conservator of Forests Monitoring and Evaluation Forestry Department P.O. Box 30513 Nairobi Kenya E-mail: [email protected]	ETHIOPIA Mr. Million Bekele P.O. Box 20891 Code 1000 Addis Ababa Ethiopia Tel.251-1- 155186/155085 Fax: 251-1-518977 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
NAMIBIA Mr. Joseph Hailwa Acting Director of Forestry Ministry of Environment and Tourism Private Bag 13346 Windhoek Namibia Tel: (264) 61 221478. Fax:(264) 61 222830 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]	ERITREA Mr. Estifanos Bein Head of Forestry and Wildlife Division Ministry of Agriculture P.O. Box 1048 Asmara Eritrea. E-mail: [email protected]
Burkina Faso Mr. Malick Diallo Directeur de l’Environnement UEMOA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso E-mail : [email protected] Tel : (226) 31887376 (226) 318872	Senegal Mr. Ibrahima Thomas FAO Consultant ISRA/DRPF BP. 2312, Dakar Senegal Tel: (221) 832 19 19; (221) 641 6673 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
FAO - ROME Mr. Syaka Sadio Agroforestry and Land Use officer FORC FAO, Rome Italy Tel: (39-06) 570 53135; Fax: (39-06) 570 55137 E-mail: [email protected]	FAO - ROME Mr. Jim Carle Senior Forestry Officer FORM FAO, Rome Italy Tel: (39-06) 570 55289; Fax: (39-06) 570 55137 E-mail: [email protected]
FAO Regional Office for Africa Mr. Peter Lowe Forestry officer FAO, RAFO Accra Ghana Tel: (233) 21 675000 ext. 3404 (233 21) 668427 E-mail : [email protected]	UNEP Mr. Bai-Mass Taal - Chair-person Head, Interagency and Intergovernmental Liaison Unit, Division of Policy Development and Law (DPDL), UNEP P.O.Box.30552 Nairobi, Kenya Tel. (254-2) 623238; Fax: (254-2) 624260 E-mail: [email protected]
UNEP Mr. Timo Maukonen Senior Programme Officer Division of Early Warning and Assessment (DEWA), UNEP, P.O.Box.30552 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254-2) 623297; fax: (254-2) 623284 E-mail: [email protected]	UNEP Mr. Hamed Haidara Programme Development Officer Regional Office for Africa (ROA), UNEP P.O.Box.30552 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254-2) 624154; fax: (254-2) 623928 E-mail: [email protected]
Guest Speaker Halifa Drammeh Deputy Director Division of Policy Development and Law PO Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254-21-624278; Fax: 254-21-622788; E-mail: [email protected]	Guest Speaker Mike Doeff Acting Representative FAO Utumishi Coop. House, Mamlaka Rd, PO Box 30470, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254-21-2725069/2725359/2725369/2725788; Fax: 254-21-2727584; E-mail: [email protected]
Guest Speaker Gideon Gathaara, Chief Conservator, Department of Forestry, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, PO Box 30513, Nairobi, Kenya; E-mail: [email protected]

Agenda

Africa Workshop, Nairobi, Kenya, 10-13 December 2002

The role of Planted forest, Trees outside Forests and Urban and Peri-urban Forestry to Sustainable Forest Management in Low Forest Cover Countries

Date/Time	Name/Organization	Topic
10 December
0800-0900		Registration and DSA payments
0900-0910	Mr Syaka Sadio, Agroforestry and Land Use Officer, FAO, Rome, Italy	Welcome and Introduction of Guest Speakers
0910-0920	Mr. Mike Doeff, FAO Representative, Kenya Mr.	Welcome and background to Project and Workshop
0920-0940	Mr. Halifa Drammeh, Deputy Director, Division of Policy Development and Law, UNEP, Nairobi	Welcome and background as lead agency Tehran Process/Low Forest Cover Countries
0940-1000	Mr. Gideon Gathaara, Chief Conservator, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Kenya	Opening Address
1000-1020	Group Photo and Morning Break
1020-1040	Election of Chairperson, Co-chairperson and Secretary	Purpose and structure of the Workshop
1040-1100	Brief Introduction of Each Workshop Participant	Introduction of participant, organization and role in sustainable forest management
1100-1120	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome	Background to Tehran Process; Mandate and Services of the LFCCs Secretariat; FAO-FNPP Project
1120-1140	Mr. Syaka Sadio, Forest Resources Division, Forestry Department, FAO, Rome	FAO initiatives in LFCCs
1140-1200	Mr. Bai-Maas Taal, Head, Interagency and Intergovernmental Liaison Unit-DPDL, UNEP, Nairobi	UNEP initiatives in LFCCs
1200-1330	Lunch Break
1330-1350	Mr. Peter Lowe, Forestry Planning Officer, FAO, Africa Regional Office, Accra, Ghana	Initiatives in LFCCs in Sub-Saharan Africa
1350-1410	Mr. Jim Carle on behalf of Hassan Abdel Nour, RNE, Cairo, Egypt	Initiatives in LFCCs in Near East/Nth Africa
1410-1500	Country and regional representatives	Brief country or regional organization statements relating to planted forests, TOFs and UPF issues in SFM
1500-1515	Afternoon Break
1515-1545	Continuation of country and regional representatives	Brief country or organization statements relating to planted forests, TOFs and UPF issues in SFM
1545-1730	Mr. Ibrahima Thomas, FAO Consultant, Senegal	Synthesis of Case Studies - role of planted forests and TOFs in Sustainable forest management and discussions
	Evening Free

Date/Time	Name/Organization	Topic
11 December
0830-0900	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO HQ	Guidelines, Topics and Composition of working groups
0900-1000	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1200	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1200-1330	Lunch
1330-1500	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1500-1530	Afternoon Break
1500-1800	Working Group Chairs and Participants	Working Group Reports to plenary and discussions
1800-1930	Cocktail hosted by FAO-UNEP
12 December
0830-0900	Working Group Chairs and Participants	Discussion on Working Group Reports
0900-1000	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1400	Working Group Sessions	According to guidelines
1400-1530	Working Group Chairs and Participants	Working Group Reports to plenary and discussions
	Evening Free for Participants, Preparation of Workshop Summary by Secretariat
13 December
0900-0910	Mr. Kamil Lechani, Algeria	Outline LFCC Initiatives in Algeria
0910-1000	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome and Ibrahima Thomas, FAO Consultant, with inputs from the Plenary	Presentation of Workshop Main Findings and Recommendations and Discussion/Approval
1000-1015	Morning Break
1015-1115	Mr. Jim Carle, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome and Ibrahima Thomas, FAO Consultant, with inputs from the Plenary	Continue Discussion/Approval of the Main Findings and Recommendations,
1115-1145	Mr. Peter Lowe, Forestry Planning Officer, FAO, Africa Regional Office, Accra, Ghana with assistance of Ibrahima Thomas, FAO Consultant	The way forward – outputs of this workshop for inputs to other initiatives in Africa
1145-1200	Mr. Halifa Drammeh, Deputy Director, Division of Policy Development and Law, UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya	Concluding remarks as co-host of Workshop on behalf of UNEP
1200-1220	Syaka Sadio, FORC, FAO HQ, Rome, Italy	Concluding remarks as co-host of Workshop on behalf of FAO
1220-1230	Mr. Anthony Maina, Vice Chairman/Senior Conservator of Forests, Nairobi, Kenya	Closing Remarks, close Workshop
1230+	Lunch and Departure of Participants

Regional Workshop for African and the Near East Low Forest Cover Countries Bamako, Mali, 14-16 January 2004

“Strengthening the Tehran Process and support to countries”

SUMMARY

Introduction

In the context of the Tehran Process, a technical workshop was jointly organized by FAO, UNEP and the TP/Secretariat of Low Forest Cover Countries in Bamako, Mali, from 14 to 16 January 2004, hosted by the Government of Mali.

This workshop follows the three workshops organized successively in Tehran in October 2002, in Nairobi in December 2002 and in Tehran again in July 2003. The objectives, on the basis of the findings and recommendations of these previous workshops, were:

To determine the legislative and institutional setting of the organization and to propose a priority action programme to the backing of the Tehran Process, the Secretariat and national forestry programmes of the countries, keeping at the forefront plans to combat desertification.

The following took part in this workshop: the representatives of LFCCs of the Near East (Egypt, Iran, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, Oman, Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Sudan) and Sub- Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, Chad, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal), the Sub-regional West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA), scientific and research institutions (ICRAF-Sahel, Mali; CSE-Senegal), NGOs (CENESTA-Iran) and representatives from UNEP and FAO.

The opening ceremony of the workshop was chaired by the Minister of Environment of Mali. Presentations were made by the Secretary of the Tehran Process, the Director of the Policies and Laws and Environment of UNEP, the Director of Forest Resources Division of the Forestry Department of FAO, and the Minister of Environment of the host country, Mali.

The bureau of the workshop under the leadership of Iran as the interim chair, is composed as follows:

Chair: Salif Kanoute, Mali

Vice-Chair: Abdelhai M. Sharief, Sudan

Reporters: Akl Ghatas, Lebanon Assize Toure, Senegal

Secretary: Ibrahim A. Fawzan, Saudi Arabia

The workshop included plenary sessions and Working groups, as follows (Annex 1):

14-15 January - Plenary sessions where various key and voluntary papers were presented by the representatives of institutions and individuals and by the country representatives, followed by discussions.

16 January - the participants split in two working groups by sub-region: one for the Near East and one for the Sub-Saharan Africa. The participants debated ways and means to strengthen the Tehran Process and the Secretariat as well as support to national forestry programmes and national action plans to combat desertification, including issues related to the UN Conventions on Biodiversity and on Climate Change.

Findings and recommendations

Governments, FAO, UNEP and Donors

• Reaffirm their adherence to the Process and positively endorsed the findings and the recommendations presented in the background documents discussed at the time of the workshop;
• Implement the Tehran Process through concrete actions at the political, institutional level, as well at political level;
• Request FAO, UNEP and UNFF, including countries and donors involved, to continue to support and reinforce financially and technically the Tehran Process and the Secretariat;
• Request the Government of Iran to continue its support to the Tehran Process and to the Secretariat and invite other Low Forest Cover Countries, as well as the donors, to join the process;
• Request the Secretariat to elaborate, with the assistance of UNEP and FAO, appropriate related legal texts and propose the institutional setting to be adopted by a ministerial conference to be held at a later date. Documents should be made available to the countries for observations at least three months before the conference;
• Request the Secretariat, with assistance of UNEP and FAO, to amend the texts on the basis of comments and suggestions made by the countries, at least one month before the conference;
• Request the Secretariat, with assistance of UNEP and FAO, to compile the conclusions and recommendation and the resolution of the Bamako workshop and send it to all LFCCs, and potential members of Tehran Process;
• Request the Government of Iran, with assistance of Secretariat and FAO, to approach LFCC governments to discuss the opportunity to organize a ministerial conference in early 2005, at which conference the LFCCs will adopt the legal and institutional frameworks proposed by the Secretariat and FAO and officially endorse the Tehran Process and create the organization;
• Request the Ministers of the Low Forest Cover Countries to seize all opportunities of any international meeting to debate the adoption and the state of the Tehran Process;
• On the basis of the propositions submitted to the participants, it has been agreed to set up the institution on the basis of a simple resolution adopted by a ministerial Council of which modalities, the date and the venue of the first meeting will be defined later on;
• The council, chaired by a Minister of one of the member countries, will be advised by a Scientific and Technical Committee, composed of high-level scientists and experts;
• To develop a synergy between the Tehran Process and related international conventions endorsed by Rio and Johannesburg Conferences on Sustainable Development, e.g. UNCCD (Combating Desertification), UNFCCC (Climate Change), UNCBD (Biological Diversity);
• A strong support is awaited from the member countries and partners currently involved in the Tehran Process and in Low Forest Cover Countries;
• Reaffirm the independency of the Secretariat in order to assist in all neutrality the countries to design and implement their programmes; and
• Request FAO to continue its technical assistance to Low Forest Cover Countries and finalize the formulation of the strategic framework of “Forest resource assessment and institutional and technical capacity building” in support of the Secretariat and countries, as discussed at the workshop, and to be submitted to the country for comments and endorsement before their implementation, with particular focus on natural resource use, sustainable forest and tree management, planted forest and trees outside forests.

The Tehran Process Secretariat

• Invite the Secretariat to work on the definitions of Low Forest Cover Countries (forest cover percentage, areas, types), based on clear and consensual criteria to be discussed in a workshop; and
• Request the Secretariat, in the interim period, to continue liaising with the country interim focal points, coordinate activities related to the formulation of the legal and institutional framework, formulation of mandate of the council and the Secretariat and the establishment of the networks.

Regional Workshop for African and the Near East Low Forest Cover Countries

Bamako, Mali, 14-16 January 2004

List of Participants

Noms & Prénom	Fonction	Adresse Complète	Téléphone & Fax	Email
Al-Fawzan Ibrahim Ali	Agriculture Specialist	P.O. Box 31181 Riyadh 11497 ; Ministry of Agriculture, Range & Forages Department	Tél. : +9664016666/2756 Fax. : +966 14033702	[email protected]
Hassan Osman Abdel Nour	Senior Forestry Officer-FAO/RNE	11 Eslah Zirai Street; Dokki-Cairo P.O.Box 2223	Tél.: + 202 3316136 Fax: + 202 749/5981	[email protected]
Koné Pape Djiby	Fonctionnaire Forestier Principal	Bureau Régional de la FAO pour l’Afrique ; P.O.Box 1628 ; Accra, Ghana	Tel. : +23321 67500 +23324 319548 Fax : +23321 668427	[email protected]
Razavi Khadija	Executive Director of CENESTA	5 Lakpour Lane, Suite 24 Langary St, Nobonyad sq. 16936 Teheran, Iran	Tel. : +9821-2954217 +9821-2930110 Fax : +9821-2954217	[email protected]
Manochehr Abedi Rad		Ad.po: Motahhary Avenue Sattarkhan Square ; Shiraz- Iran	Tel.: +98711-6285181 +98711-6285183 Fax.:+98711-6285182	[email protected]
Touré Assize	Directeur Technique du CSE	Centre de suivi Ecologique (CSE) Rue Léon Gontran Damas Fann-Residence BP15532 ; Dakar-Fann Senegal	Tel. : +221 825 80 66 +221 825 80 67 Fax : +221 825 81 68	[email protected]
Million Bekele		P.O. Box 20891 Code 1000 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Tel.: 251-1-506998/342628 Fax: 251-1-518977	[email protected]
Niang Amadou	Regional Coordinator	ICRAF Sahel; BP:320 Bamako, Mali	Tel.: 223 223 50 00 Fax.: 223 222 86 83	[email protected]
Qiang Ma	Forester Officer	Forestry Economic Service, Forestry Department; FAO, Rome, Italy	Tel.: +39-0657055011 Fax: +39-0657055137	[email protected]
Mostafa Jafari (Ph.D)	Head of TP Secretariat of LFCCs	N04 Shemshad Lane Felestin ST. Tehran-Iran	Tel.: +9821 6497925 Fax: +9821 649 79 26	[email protected]
Abid Habib	Sous-Directeur Direction Générale des Forêts	Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Environnement et des Ressources Hydrauliques ; 30 Rue Alain Savary 1002 ; Tunis-Tunisie	Tel.: +216 71 287487 Fax: +216 71 891141	[email protected]
Elias Sekaleli	Director Forestry Department	P.O.Box 774; Maseru, 100 Lesotho	Tel.: +22322754 +58855932 +22312826	[email protected]
Diallo Malick	Directeur de l’Environnement Commission de l’UEMOA	01 BP 543, Ouagadougou 01 Burkina Faso	Tel.: +226 31 88 73 76 Fax: +226 31 88 72	[email protected]
Bai-Mass Taal	Forestier	33, KOFFI, Annan St Bakau, KMC, Gambia	Tel.: +220 222669	[email protected]
Hoda Salah Eldin Rashed	Director-General, Afforestation, Dept., Under-Secretariat for Afforestation & Environment MALR	Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Undersecretariat for Afforestation and Environment, MALR Dokki, Nadi El Seid St Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (ARE)	Tel.: +202-3373790 Fax: +202-3354983	[email protected]
Ghanam Mohamed	Chef de Service Lutte Contre la Désertification	Direction du Développement Forestier ; BP : 8806, Rabat-Agdal, Maroc	Tel.: +212 37 67 02 90 +212 61 98 45 64 Fax: +212 37 67 10 31	[email protected]
Moctar Diphane	Conseiller Technique	Ministère de l’Environnement et de l’Eau ; BP 3072 N’Djaména-Tchad	Tel. : +235 523891/ 530517 Fax : +235 523839/525232	[email protected]
Attaou Mahaman Laminou	Directeur National	Direction Nationale de l’Environnement	Tel:+227 73 33 29/9632 13 Fax :+227 73 27 84	[email protected] [email protected]
Lankoande Ibrahim	Directeur/Foresterie Rurale	01BP 6429; Ouagadougou 01 Burkina Faso	Tel. : 226 31 61 19 Fax: 226 33 17 77	[email protected]
Ould Mohamed Moustapha	Coordinateur	GCPR/MAU/OZZ/BEL FAO/MDRE/DEAR BP 665 Nouakchott-Mauritanie	Tel.: +222 5253157 +2226412155	[email protected]
Abdelhai Mohamed Shasief Sharief	Director Technical Section	Forest National Corporation (FNC), Khartoum, Sudan	Tel.:+249 11 471575 Fax:+249 11 472659	[email protected]
Ilboudo Jean Pierre	Communication Officer	FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla - 00100 Rome (Italie)	Tel.:+39-06 570 56889	[email protected]
Mahamat Nour Mariam	Representant FAO, Mali		Tel.:+223 222 37 13 +223 222 65 76 Fax:+223 22 36 46	[email protected]
Komota Mamadou	Chef Division	Direction Nationale Conservation Nature BP 275 Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 223 36 95 +223 223 97 97 Fax: +223 223 36 96	[email protected]
Samassekou Sory	Chef Division	Diection Nationale Conservation Nature BP 275 – Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 223 36 95 +223 223 97 97 Fax: +223 223 36 96	[email protected]
Sanogo Siriki	Chef Division P.	Division Aménagement des Forêts P.i DNCN, Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 223 36 95 +223 223 97 97 Fax: +223 223 36 96	[email protected]
Bocary Kaya	Soil Scientist	ICRAF Sahel; BP:320 Bamako, Mali	Tel.: 223 223 50 00 Fax.: 223 222 86 83	[email protected]
Syaka Sadio	Agroforestry and Land Use Officer	FAO Rome Italy D-473	Tel.: +39065705313135 Fax. : +390657055137	[email protected]
Bakary Kanté	Director Policy Development and Law	UNEP; P.O. Box 42074 Nairobi, Kenya	Tel.: +254 20 626074	[email protected]
El Hadji Sene	Ingénieur des Eaux et forêts	FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy	Tel. :+390657055978 Fax : +390657053137	[email protected]
Félix Dakouo	Directeur National	Direction Nationale Conservation Nature BP 275 – Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 223 36 95 +223 223 97 97 Fax: +223 223 36 96	[email protected]
Kassambara Amadou	Coordinateur Projet	Direction Nationale Conservation Nature BP 275 – Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 222 47 19 +223 220 93 31	[email protected] [email protected]
Cisse Modibo	Point Focal (CDB) Mali	Direction Nationale Conservation Nature BP 275 – Bamako, Mali	Tel.: +223 223 36 95 +223 223 97 97 Fax: +223 223 36 96	[email protected]
Kadija Ravazi	Director Executif CENESTA	ONG-Center For Sustainable Development	Tel.:+98 212934958 +98 212930110 Fax.:+98 212954317	[email protected] www.cenesta.org
Manouthehr Abedi-Rad	Director General of Natural Resources of Fars Province, Iran	Ministry of Agriculture	Tel.:+98 711 6285185 9 Fax:+98 711 6285182 Cell.: +98 911 7170310 +98 911 7813024	[email protected] www.fars.frw.org.ir
Ghattas Akl	Director of Rural Development of Natural Resources	Ministry of Agriculture Achrafieh, Beydum st Beirut - Lebanon	Tel.: 961 3 763450 Fax: 961 3 323873
Abdourahmane Diagne	Adjoint Chef Division Reboisement et Conservation des Sols - DFCCS	Direction des Eaux et Forêts BP. 1831 Dakar - Sénégal	Tel. : 221 832 0628 Fax. : 221 832 0426	[email protected]
Salif Kanouté	Conseiller Technique	Ministère de l’Environnement	Tel.:+229 51 68/72	[email protected] www.fars.frw.org.ir
Nasar Al Wahaibi	Director General of Animal Wealth	P.O. Box 164; Code 131 Oman	Tel.: (968) 938 27 17 (968) 696 391	[email protected]
Mohamed H. Mokbil	Director of Natural Forest	P.O. Box 354 Sana’a	Tel. (967) 25 09 76 Tel.: (967) 25 09 77	[email protected]

Regional Workshop for African and the Near East Low Forest Cover Countries
Bamako, Mali, 14-16 January 2004
“Strengthening the Tehran Process and support to countries”

Agenda

Date/Time	Organization/Activities	Topics
15 January 2004
Session 2: REGIONAL ISSUES: Sub-Saharan Africa (continued)
0830-0930	Country representatives from Sub-Saharan Africa	Forestry issues and national forestry programmes & NAPS
0930-0950	All participants	Questions & Discussions
0950-1000	Chairperson	Concluding remarks
Session 3: REGIONAL ISSUES: Near East and North Africa
1000-1030	Country Representatives from Near East & North Africa	Forestry issues and national forestry programmes & NAPs
1030-1050	All participants	Coffee break
1050-1210	Country Representatives from Near East & North Africa	Forestry issues and national forestry programmes & NAPs
1210-1230	All participants	Questions and discussions
1230-1235	Chairperson	Concluding remarks
1235-1400	All participants	Lunch break
Session 4: Way forward: regional and country programme
1400-1420	Ma, FAO/FOPE	What future of forestry in the LFCCs: The outlook for the next two decades".
1420-1440	FAO/FOR	Presentation of the draft programme framework
1440-1500	All participants	Questions and discussions
1500-1510	Chairperson	Concluding remarks
1510-1520	FAO/LFCC Secretariat	Strengthening the TP/LFCC Secretariat
1520-1530	FAO/LFCC Secretariat	Presentation of the guideline of the Working Groups
1530-1545	All participants	Coffee break
1545-1800	All participants	Group 1: Policy and Legislation Group 2: Environmental, Ecological and Socio-economic issues Group 3: Forests and Trees resource management
16 January 2004
0900-0930	All participants	Plenary: presentation of Summary of Working Sessions (1, 2 &3) Questions and Discussions
0930-1030	All participants	Strategic framework and priority actions: WG 4:Sub-Saharan Africa & WG 5:North Africa and Near East
1030-1050	All participants	Coffee break
1150-1230	All participants	Working groups 4 & 5 (continued)
1230-1300	All participants	Presentation of summary of Working Groups 4 & 5
1300-1500	All participants	Lunch break
1500-1600	All participants	Plenary: Presentation of workshop draft report. Questions and Discussions
1600-1620	All participants	Coffee break
1620-1700	Chairperson, UNEP, FAO, TP/Secretariat	Closing remarks and end of the workshop