FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION ANDHEALTH PAPER 74 Volume III: NORTH AFRICA Small ruminants in the Near East SHEEP IN MOROCCO by F. Guessous, I. Boujenane, M. Bourfia and H. Narjisse BARBARY SHEEP by Gley Khaldi SOME EXPERIENCES WITH FINN SHEEP IN THE SUBTROPICS by A. N. Aboul-Naga
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 1989

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ISBN 92-5-102765-X

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CONTENTS

I. Sheep in Morocco

SHEEP IN MOROCCO

by

F. GUESSOUS, I.BOUJENANE, M. BOURFIA AND H. NARJISSE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I


FOREWORD

LIST OF TABLES

INTRODUCTION

1. LAND AND CLIMATE (H. Narjisse)

2. POPULATION AND PRODUCTION (I. Boujenane)

2.1 Population

2.1.1 Breed composition

2.1.2 Number

2.1.3 Age and .sex distribution

2.1.4 Distribution by size of flock

2.1.5 Geographical distribution

2.2. Production

2.2.1 Meat

2.2.2 Growth

2.2.3 Wool

2.2.4 Skins

2.2.5 Milk

2.2.6 Reproduction

2.2.7 Lamb mortality

3. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

3.1 Husbandry practices (H. Narjisse)

3.1.1 Mating

3.1.2 Lambing

3.1.3 Weaning

3.1.4 Shearing

3.1.5 Fattening

3.2 Production systems

3.2.1 Pastoral system

3.2.1.1 Description of the pastoral system

3.2.1.2 Feed resources

3.2.1.3 Major production

3.2.1.4 Constraints

3.2.2 Agropastoral system (F. Guessous)

3.2.2.1 Description of the system

3.2.2.2 Major feeds

3.2.2.3 Major products

3.2.2.4 Major constraints

3.2.3 Oasis system

3.2.3.1 Description of the system

3.2.3.2 Major feeds

3.2.3.3 Major products

3.2.3.4 Constraints

3.3 Sheep productivity

3.3.1 Reproduction performance

3.3.2 Lamb mortality

3.3.3 Growth performance

3.3.4 Overall productivity

4. SHEEP BREEDS IN MOROCCO (M. Bourfia)

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Common breed definitions

4.1.2 Origins and types of sheep breeds in Morocco

4.2 Sheep breeds in Morocco

4.2.1 Introduction

4.2.2 Mountain sheep

4.2.3 Plateau breeds

4.2.3.1 Eastern plateau

4.2.3.2 Western plateau

4.2.4 Breeds resulting from crossing plateau and mountain types

4.2.4.1 Zaian

4.2.4.2 El Hammam-Azrou

4.2.4.3 Rehamna-Sraghna and Zemrane

4.2.5 Atlantic coast breeds

4.2.5.1 Beni Ahsen

4.2.5.2 Doukkala-Abda

4.2.6 Oases breeds

4.3 Discussion

4.3.1 Present breed organization

4.3.2 History of breed evaluation

4.3.3 Origin and evolution of Moroccan sheep breeds

4.3.3.1 Beni Guil

4.3.3.2 Tadla

4.3.3.3 Timahdit

4.3.3.4 Sardi

4.3.3.5 Atlantic coast breeds

4.3.3.6 D'Man

4.4 Conclusion


5. RESEARCH

5.1 Research in nutrition (F. Guessous)

5.1.1 Research on stubble and straw

5.1.1.1 Stubble

5.1.1.2 Straw

5.1.2 Research on by-products and forages

5.1.2.1 By-products

5.1.2.2 Alfalfa

5.1.3 Nutrient requirements of local breeds

5.2 Research in breeding (I. Boujenane)

5.2.1 Reproduction and production performance

5.2.1.1 Age at first lambing

5.2.1.2 Post-partum anoestrus

5.2.1.3 Lambing interval

5.2.1.4 Sexual season

5.2.1.5 Length of oestrus and duration of oestrus

5.2.1.6 Fertility

5.2.1.7 Prolificacy

5.2.1.8 Ovulation rate

5.2.1.9 Lamb survival

5.2.2 Improvement through purebreeding and selection

5.2.3 Improvement through crossbreeding

5.3 Research In range management (H. Narjisse)

5.3.1 History of range management research in Morocco

5.3.2 Present range management research structure in Morocco

REFERENCES

* Department of Animal Production, Institute Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, B.P. 6202, Rabat-Instituts, Rabat, Morocco

II. Barbary sheep

THE BARBARY SHEEP

by

Gley KHALDI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART II

INTRODUCTION

1. GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE BARBART SHEEP

1.1 Origin

1.2 Physical characteristics

1.3 Flock management

1.4 Performance

1.4.1 Fertility

1.4.2 Prolificacy

1.4.3 Birth weight and growth rate of lambs

1.4.4 Mortality rates

2. CARCASS QUALITY

3. MILK PRODUCTION

3.1 Grazing ewes

3.1.1 Changes in ewe weight

3.1.2 Milk production

3.1.3 Growth of lambs

3.1.4 Relationship between milk yield and lamb growth

3.2 Effect of nutrition in late pregnancy and in lactation on ewe milk.yield

3.2.1 Supplementary feed consumption of ewes

3.2.2 Changes in ewe weight

3.2.3 Milk production

3.2.4 Lamb growth

3.2.5 Relationship between milk production of ewes and growth of lambs

4. REPRODUCTION

4.1 Reproduction of Barbary ewes

4.1.1 Seasonal variations on ovarian and oestrous activity

4.1.1.1 Breeding season and seasonal anoestrus

4.1.1.2 Ovarian activity

4.1.1.3 Duration of oestrus and oestrous cycle

4.1.2 Post-partum anoestrus

4.1.2.1 Effects of suckling duration and lambing season

4.1.2.1.1 Effects of suckling duration

4.1.2.1.2 Effects of lambing season

4.1.2.2 Effects of nutritional level on pregnancy and lactation

4.1.2.2.1 Feed intake

4.1.2.2.2 Liveweight changes

4.1.2.2.3 Caudal perimeter changes

4.1.2.2.4 Ovarian activity

4.1.2.2.5 Oestrous activity

4.1.3 Response to ram exposure

4.1.3.1 Effect of age

4.1.3.1.1 Ovarian activity

4.1.3.1.2 Oestrous activity

4.1.3.2 Effect of nutrition

4.1.3.2.1 Feed intake and liveweight changes

4.1.3.2.2 Ovarian activity

4.1.3.2.3 Oestrous activity

4.1.3.2.4 Fertility and prolificacy

4.2 Reproduction in Barbary rams

REFERENCES

* Head, Animal Production Division, INRAT, Tunisia

*********************

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS

Photograph l.a,b The fat tail of a Barbary ram

Photograph 1.2 The bilobed fat tail of a Barbary lamb

Photograph 2.1 A red head Barbary ram

Photograph 2.2 A red head Barbary ewe

Photograph 3.1 A black head Barbary ram

Photograph 3.2 A black head Barbary ewe

Photograph 4 A Barbary flock

Photograph 5 Intervention of a shepherd at mating

Photograph 6 Two ewes illustrating desirable and undesirable body conditions (note the volume of the fat-tail)

III. Some experiences with Finn sheep in the Subtropics

SOME EXPERIENCES WITH FINN SHEEP IN
THE SUBTROPICS

by

A.M. ABOUL-NAGA

CONTENTS

PART III

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Finnish sheep, their origin and characteristics

1.2 Finnish sheep in temperate countries

1.3 Finn sheep Imported from Finland

2. EGYPTIAN MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE (MOA) TRIAL