Small-ScaleDairy Farming Manual |
Volume 3 |
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Husbandry Unit 5.6: Technical Notes Note: Numbers in brackets refer to illustrations in the Extension Materials. Concentrates are a group of livestock feeds which are characterised by a higher dry matter content and a higher digestibility than roughages such as the stems and leaves of the grasses, fodders, legumes and trees. (1) Concentrates of plant origin can be either energy-rich concentrates or protein-rich concentrates. Energy-rich concentrates: dried cassava tubers; cereals such as rice, wheat, maize, millet and sorghum; agricultural by-products such as rice bran, wheat bran, molasses (2) Protein-rich concentrates: coconut cake; soybean meal; palm kernel cake; sunflower cake; groundnut (peanut) cake; cotton seed cake; rubber seed meal etc. (3) Concentrates of animal origin are characterized by the larger amounts of high-quality proteins contained in them. Some examples are the by-products of the milk processing industry e.g. skim milk and whey which can be used in calf feeds. These are too expensive to be given to adult ruminants. (4) |
page 199
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What are concentrates?
1 Animal feeds with higher:
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What types of concentrates are there?
2 Two types of concentrates come from plants:
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3 Protein-rich concentrates e.g.
- coconut and sunflower cake - soybean and rubbers seed meal |
4 Concentrates from animals
are rich in
high-quality proteins e.g. by-products from skim milk and whey processing
for calf feeds.
They are too expensive for
adult
animals.
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