Previous PageTable Of ContentsNext Page

PRINCIPLES, RESPONSIBILITIES AND WORKING METHODS OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEEM NETWORK

The following principles of the International Neem Network have been discussed and agreed upon during the First International Consultation held in Bangkok, Thailand in January 1993 and the Second International Consultation held in Jodhpur, India March 1994:

Table 2: Seed sources exchanged in the framework of the International Neem Network

Provenance number Provenance Name and Country Lot dispatch number Lat. Long. Alt. (m) Annual rainfall (mm) Dry season Collection period
01/BGD/Naz Nazir Hat, Chittagong, Bangladesh - 22º38'N 91º44'E 15-25 2800 Sept-April May-June
02/BGD/Cha Chapai Nawabganj , Bangladesh - 24º41'N 87º54'E 17 1540 Oct-March Mid-June Mid-July
03/IND/Man Mandore, Jodhpur, India CIRAD 95/10300N 26º18'N 73º01'N 224 373 Sept-June Mid-June Mid-July
04/IND/Chi Chitradurga, Karnataka, India CIRAD 95/10301N 14º02'N 76º04'E 615 417 Mar -June Late June-July
05/IND/All Allahabad Town, Uttar Pradesh, India CIRAD 95/10304N 25º28'N 81º54'E 320 910 Mar -June Late June-Early July
06/IND/Ann Annur, Tamil Nadu, India CIRAD 95/10305N 11º17'N 77º07'E 360 875 Mar -June Mid-June-Mid- July
07/IND/Gha Ghaati Subramanya, Karnataka, India CIRAD 95/10302N 13º22'N 77º34'E 950 741 Mar -June Early July
08/IND/Sag Sagar, Chanatoria Madhya Pradesh, India CIRAD 95/10299N 21º51'N 78º45'E 527 1405 Mar -June Late June-Early July
09/IND/Bal Balharshah, Maharashtra, India CIRAD 95/10300N 19º51'N 79º25'E 250 approx. 1000 April-June June-July
10/IND/Ram Ramannaguda, Orissa, India CIRAD 95/10296N 19º05'N 83º49'E 250 1100 Mar -June Early to Mid-June
11/LAO/Vie Vientiane, Lao P.D.R DFSC 1945/95 18º00'N 102º45'E 180 1540 Nov-Mar. April-May
12/MYA/Yez Yezin, Myanmar DFSC 1954/95 19º51'N 96º16'E 100 1269 Nov-May May-July
13/MYA/Mye Myene, Myanmar DFSC 1955/95 22º03'N 95º13'E 76 809 Nov-April May-July
14/NEP/Lam Lamahi, Nepal DFSC 01959/95 27º52'N 82º31'E 350-440 1500 Nov-May Late July
15/NEP/Get Geta, Nepal DFSC 1961/95 28º46'N 80º34'E 170 1725 Nov-April Mid-July
16/PAK/Tib Tibbi Laran, Rahimyar Khan, Pakistan DFSC 01957/95 28º24'N 70º18'E 115 140 Apr.-June Oct-Feb. June-July
17/PAK/Mul Multan, Cantonment Area, Pakistan DFSC 01958/95 30º11'N 71º29'E > 150 276 Oct-Feb June-July
18/SRL/Kul Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka DFSC 01962/95 7º8ºN 80º0'E - 1397 Jan-Feb Jul-Aug July
19/THA/Tun Tung Luang, Thailand DFSC 01944/95 09º09' N 99º07'E 4 1755 Jan-Apr March-April
20/THA/Non Ban Nong Rong 1, Thailand DFSC 01943/95 14º05'N 99º40'E 40 1145 Nov-Mar. March-April
21/THA/Bo Ban Bo, Thailand DFSC 01942/95 16º17'N 103º35'E 150 1400 Oct-Apr March-April
22/THA/Doi Doi Tao, Thailand - 17º57'N 98º41'E 300 1250 Nov-Apr March-April
23/GHA/Sun Sunyani, Ghana DFSC 01956/95 07º21'N 02º21'W 950-1000 1270-1400 Dec.- Mar. June-August
24/SEN/Ban Bandia, Senegal DFSC 01963/95 14º30'N 17º02'W 50 436 Oct.-June August
25/TAN/Cha Chamwino, Tanzania DFSC 01941/95 06º20'S 35º50'E 1030 475 - March


Table 3. Matrix of seed sources collected and exchanged by Network collaborators in 1995

Receiving country
Seed lot number 		B
G
D 		I
N
D 		L
A
O 		M
Y
A 		P
A
K 		S
E
N 		S
R
L 		T
H
A 		V
I
E 		T
A
N 		N
I
C 		T
C
A 		N
E
P 		S
U
D 		B
F
A 		M
A
L 		N
I
R 		P
H
I 		N
I
G
Chamwino
(25/TAN/Cha)
* * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * *
Ban Bo
(21/THA/Bo) 		*
* * * * * * * * * * * *

* * *
Doi Tao
(22/THA/Doi) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* *
Ban Nong Rong
(20/THA/Non) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * *


* *
Tung Luang
(19/THA/Tun) 		* * * * *
* * *


*



*
Vientiane
(11/LAO/Vie)
* * * * * * * * * * * * *


* *
Sunyani
(23/GHA/Sun) 		* * * *
* * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Ramannaguda
(10/IND/Ram) 		* * *
* * * * * * * * * * * *
* *
Sagar Chanatoria
(08/IND/Sag)
* *
* * * * * * *
* *
* * * *
Balharshah
(09/IND/Bal)
* *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Chitradurga
(04/IND/Chi) 		*
* *
* * * * * * * * *
* * * *
Ghaati Subramanya
(07/IND/Gha) 		* * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Mandore
(03/IND/Man) 		* * *
* * * *
* * * * * * * * * *
Allahabad
(05/IND/All)
* *
* * * *
* *
*
* *
* *
Annur
(06/IND/Ann) 		* * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Yezin
(12/MYA/Yez) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Myene
(13/MYA/Mye) 		* * * * * * * * *
* * * * *
* * *
Nazir Hat
(01/BGD/Naz) 		* * * *














Chapai Nawabganj
(02/BGD/Cha) 		*
* *


*










Multan
(17/PAK/Mul) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Tibbi Laran
(16/PAK/Tib) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Lamahi
(14/NEP/Lam) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Geta
(15/NEP/Get) 		* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * *
Kuliyapitiya
(18/SRL/Kul)

* * * * * * * * *
* * *
* * *
Bandia
(24/SEN/Ban) 		* * * * * * * * * * *
*



*

BGD: Bangladesh; IND: India; LAO: R.D.P. Laos; MYA: Myanmar; PAK: Pakistan; SEN: Sénégal; SRL: Sri Lanka; THA: Thailand; VIE: Viet Nam; TAN: Tanzania; NIC: Nicaragua; TCA: Chad; NEP: Nepal; SUD: Sudan; BFA: Burkina Faso; MAL: Mali; NIR: Nigeria; PHI : Philippines ; NIG: Niger.

Table 4: Trials established in the framework of the International Neem Network (as by 31 July 1997)

Country / Trial number Site Lat. Long. Rainfall (mm) Date of planting Number of provenances
Core series Additional series
Bangladesh 1 Charaljani 24º37'N 90º04'E 2246 Jul. 96 7
Bangladesh 2 Charkhai 25º28'N 85º54'E 1695 Jul. 96 8
Burkina Faso 1 Gonse 12º35'N

Aug 96 17
India 1 Jodhpur 24º40'N 71º15'E
Jul. 96 16 2
India 2 Jodhpur 24º40'N 71º15'E
Aug. 96 5
India 3 Palanpur 24º10'N 72º20'E
Aug. 96 13 3
India 4 Jaipur 26º40'N 75º50'E
Aug. 96 18 3
India 5 Jabalpur 23º50'N 78º44'E
Jul. 96 15 3
India 6 Coimbatore 11º17'N 77º07'E
Jul. 96 15 3
Lao 1 Nam Souang 18º00'N 105ºE 1628 June 96 25
Mali 1 Sotuba 12º39'N 07º56W
Aug. 95 4 1
Mali 2 Sotuba 12º39'N 07º56W
Jul. 96 8
Myanmar 1 Tatkon 20º15'N 96º15'E 1608 May 96 16
Myanmar 2 Kyauk-owe 20º45'N 95º40'E 1104 June 96 16
Myanmar 3 Kywe-the 18º55'N 95º20'E 594 June 96 15
Nepal 1 Jhanjhatpur 28º34'N 80º34'E 1725 Oct. 96 19
Nepal 2 Shankarnargar 27º42'N 83º28'E 2413 Jul. 96 23
Nicaragua 1 León 12º25'N 86º48'W
Jul. 96 21 2
Nicaragua 2 Tipitapa-Masaya 12º04'N 86º04'W
Sept. 96 20 2
Pakistan 1 Kathar 25º25'N 68º45'E
Sept. 96 10 3
Phillippines 1 Bomboaya


Aug. 96 14
Philippines 2 Rosacara


Nov 96 6
Tanzania 1 Chamwino 6º02'S 34º49'E 569 Febr. 96 21
Tanzania 2 Mkundi 6º40'S 37º39'E 800 Mar. 96 21
Tanzanie 3 Ubena 4º57'S 30º31'E 757 Apr. 96 21
Tanzanie 4 Kwalukonge 6º36'S 38º09'S 842 Apr. 96 21
Thailand 1 Kanchanaburi 14ºN 99º30'E 1020 Aug. 97 22 2
Thailand 2 Kamphaeng 16º30'N 99º20'N 1771 Aug. 97 22 2
Senegal 1 Bambey

400 Aug. 94 9
Senegal 2 Nioro

800 Aug. 94 9
Senegal 3 Bambey

400 Jul. 97 20
Sri Lanka 1 Nakele


Dec. 96 11
Sudan 1 Hammadnalla 14º19'N 33º09'E 450 Nov. 96 15
Viet Nam 1 Ba Vi 21º10'N 105º20'E
May 96 21 3
Viet Nam 2 Tuy Phong


June 96 7

The main coordinating fora have consisted of meetings, international consultations, workshops and training courses. Table 5 outlines the different gatherings organised within the framework of the International Neem Network. The main purposes have very often been to exchange ideas and experiences, to discuss, agree upon and finalise technical and operational principles with special attention to common technical guidelines for the procedures in the exploration and evaluation of neem genetic resources. Table 6 gives an overview of the technical guidelines finalised by the collaborators of the International Neem Network.

Table 5: Overview of coordinating meetings held in the framework of the
International Neem Network from 1993 to 1998

Meetings etc. Main purpose(s) Participants
First International Consultation, Bangkok, Thailand, January 1993. To exchange results of research related to genetic improvement of neem;
To identify needs and requirements of participants, and common issues;
To plan a programme on international neem provenance trials;
To identify priority complementary studies needed;
To initiate pilot collection and exchange of seed. 		Representatives from 18 countries, FAO, DFSC, CIRAD-Forêt, F/FRED Project.
Meeting (following a FORTIP meeting), Manilla October 1993. To develop the first guidelines based upon the experiences gained through the pilot activities;
To develop the framework for the International Neem Network. 		Representatives from 9 countries, FAO, DFSC, CIRAD-Forêt, IPGRI, FORTIP.
Second International Consultation, Jodhpur, India, February 1994. To decide whether an international provenance testing is at all realistic - based upon an evaluation of the pilot collections;
To agree upon principles and responsibilities;
To discuss and approve technical guidelines for identification, delineation and description of seed sources;
To discuss and approve technical guidelines for seed collection, handling, despatch and testing. 		Representatives from 11 countries, FAO, DFSC, CIRAD-Forêt, IPGRI, FORTIP.
Training course in seed source description, seed collection and seed exchange, Coimbatore, India, June 1994. To share experiences and elaborate practical procedures for seed source description, seed collection and seed exchange. Representatives from 8 countries, FAO, DFSC, FORTIP.
Meeting, (following a FORTIP meeting), Colombo, Sri Lanka November 1994. To discuss practical matters (especially despatch of seed) before the large scale seed exchange of 1995;
To revise technical guidelines for procedures and design in trial establishment in the nursery. 		Representatives from 9 countries, FAO, DFSC, FORTIP.
Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, March 1996 To get an overview of the seed exchange carried out in 1995. A table of seedlings available of each provenance for each collaborator was elaborated to provide an opportunity to get extra seedlings from those collaborators who had seedlings in surplus;
To approve the revised technical guidelines for procedures and design in trial establishment - nursery phase;
To discuss and approve the procedures and design of field trials establishment. 		Representatives from 9 countries, FAO, DFSC, CIRAD-Forêt, IPGRI, FORTIP.
Workshop, Yangoon, Myanmar, July 1997. To discuss and approve the guidelines for assessment of international neem provenance trials (1: core characters, year 1-5);
To finalise a seed source booklet;
To constitute two working groups to (i) continue the work on trial assessment (for the next period) and (ii) look more carefully into the feasibility and options for assessment of chemical compounds. 		Representatives from 11 countries, FAO, DFSC, CIRAD-Forêt, IPGRI, FORTIP.

As mentioned above the next meeting is scheduled to take place later in 2000. Major issues on the agenda will be the first assessments and the preparation of a global evaluation of the field trials; status and future activities of the research components and discussions on technical guidelines and common activities for the next period.


Table 6. Overview of the agreed common guidelines provided within the framework
of the International Neem Network.

Guidelines /booklets Colour of booklet Objectives and main content of the guidelines/ booklets
Guidelines for Identification, Delineation and Description of Neem Seed Sources (1994). Published in "Newsletter of International Neem Network" Vol. I. No. 2. June 1994. White The objective of these technical guidelines is set common procedure in order to be able to compare the characteristics of the seed sources and to describe the seed sources in such a way that repeated collection can be undertaken. Guidelines are provided for sampling strategy, characteristics of tree stands suitable for inclusion, delineation of seed sources and description of identified seed sources.
Procedures for seed collection and exchange (1995) Yellow The objective of these technical guidelines is to obtain optimal quality (both genetically and physiologically) of seed to be used in the international provenance trials. Guidelines are provided for seed collection, seed processing, seedlot documentation, packing and despatch and seed germination testing.
Revised Procedures and Design in Trial Establishment
1. Nursery Phase (1995) 		Green The objective of these technical guidelines is to ensure that the identity of the plants is kept recorded throughout the nursery phase; and to assist in improving survival rates during the nursery phase. Guidelines are provided for seed receipt, seed testing, period for nursery operations, type of planting stock, preparing nursery beds, sowing and tending, design and lay-out of nursery beds, labelling and plant preparation before transplanting in the field.
Revised Procedures and Design in Trial Establishment
2. Field Trials (1996) 		Red The objective of these technical guidelines is to provide a basis for choice of trial design. Recommendations are given on how to design statistically sound trials. It was considered unrealistic and not desirable to follow a standard design. The design needs to be adjusted to local conditions and to the seedlings available for each trial. The Network offered technical assistance to collaborators which might have required it in the design phase.
Assessment of International Neem Provenance Trials.
1. Core Characters, year 1-5 (1997) 		Grey The objective of these technical guidelines is to facilitate the assessment of the trials within the first five years. The overall objective of assessing the trials is to provide guidelines on the choice of seed sources of neem for given sites and end uses. The guidelines include a minimum set of characters (core characters) to be assessed as well as a list of optional characters.
Seed Source Descriptions (1998) Blue The objective of this review is to compile all relevant information into a unique booklet to be made available to all collaborators. The booklet contains detailed seed source descriptions (including maps) of the 25 seed sources included in the international provenance trials.
Trial Site Descriptions (in press) Orange The objective of this descriptive manual is to compile all relevant information available on trials and trial sites. A first draft of this booklet has been sent to all Network collaborators for comments.

Previous PageTop Of PageNext Page