Forestry for local community development programme - GCP/INT/365/SWE
Food and agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 1983
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1. Defining the scope of wood fuel systems
1. Introduction
2. Basic characteristics of wood fuel systems
2.1 Ubiquitous use of fuelwood
2.2 Non-commercial nature
2.3 Availability and access
2.4 Seasonal variation
2.5 Efficiency in end use
2.6 Changes with income and price3. Important system perspectives
3.1 Wood fuels as part of complex systems
3.2 The fuel cycle of traditional fuels
3.3 Energy requirements, supply conversion and end use systems4. Dynamic features of wood fuel systems
4.1 Impacts of increasing wood fuel shortages
4.2 Energy for future development
4.3 Increasing industrial and agricultural demands for wood fuels
4.4 Integrating technical, economic and social analysis5.1 Sources of information
5.2 Supply estimates for traditional fuels
5.3 Measuring fuelwood consumption
2. Rural fuelwood: Significant relationships
1. Introduction
2. The ecosystem approach
3. Agricultural ecosystems
4. Fuelwood projects and development
5. Land and fuelwood
6. Water and fuelwood
7. Nutrients and fuelwood
8. Inanimate energy and fuelwood
9. Animal energy and fuelwood
10. Fodder and fuelwood
11. Cooking and fuelwood
12. Trees and fuelwood
13. Other uses of wood
14. Wood and buildings
15. Wood exports and imports
16. Human beings and fuelwood
17. Fuelwood in an agricultural ecosystem
3. Urban demand: Studying the commercial organization of wood fuel supplies
1. Introduction
2. Towns and development
2.1.1 Geographical distribution
2.1.2 Urbanization and development2.2.1 Administration
2.2.2 Commerce and services
2.2.3 Industry
2.2.4 Residence
2.2.5 Urban-rural relationships3. Rural fuel production for commercial demand
3.1 Fuelwood
3.2 Charcoal
3.3 Additional rural energy resources
3.4 Labour
3.5 Land
3.6 Transport costs4. Rural fuel distribution: The dealer system
5. Substitution and innovation
5.1 Substitution
5.2 Innovation and change
5.3 Improving efficiency in energy production and use
2.1 Written sources
2.2 Key informants and informal informational networks
2.3 Observations2.3.1 Participant observation
2.3.2 Nonparticipant observation
2.3.3 Benefits and problems with participant and nonparticipant observations
2.3.4 Time allocation studies3. Selecting research sites and study participants
3.1 Defining "community"
3.2 The representativeness of a community
3.3 Choice of community
3.4 Households as the basic unit of study
3.5 Other socio-cultural and economic units of study
3.6 Sampling
3.7 Sample size4. Field workers and study logistics
Introduction
A. Social
1. Local knowledge and production strategies
2. Land tenure
2.1 Government land tenure
2.2 Group land tenure
2.3 Private land tenure
2.4 Competing land uses
2.5 The "poorest of the poor": The land poor and landless; rural women; the elderly and sick3.1 Labour allocation
3.2 Hired labour
3.3 Distance and frequency of trips - Time
3.4 The social context of collection
3.5 Technology
3.6 Loads4. Other aspects of production and distribution of fuelwood
4.1 Transport
4.2 Marketing and sales4.2.1 Noncommercial and commercial production:
4.2.2 Employment patterns
4.2.3 Seasonality, production and prices
4.2.4 Fuelwood prices and household socio-economic status
4.2.5 SalesB. Ecological and resources
1. Ecosystem
2. Fuelwood requirements
3. Land
4. Water
5. Nutrients
6. Labour
7. Seeds
8. Protection
9. Fuelwood collection and storage
10. Distribution
11. Utilization
C. Urban and commercial
1. Background material
2. Urban domestic energy studies
3. Industrial survey
4. Dealer survey
Annex I - Different categories of wood fuel surveys
Annex II - Summaries of selected wood fuel surveys
Introduction
1. National surveys
1.1 Surveying wood fuels in Bangladesh
1.2 The Malawi rural energy survey3.1 Wood fuel utilization by small-scale industry in Nepal
3.2 Charcoal in a Guatemalan community5.1 Energy use in a Bangladesh village
5.2 Fuelwood in a Nepalese hill village
5.3 Wood fuels in a small Sudanese town
5.4 Wood fuels in a marginal area of Kenya
5.5 Fuelwood in a Tanzanian village
Annex III - (a) Measuring cooking fuel economy
1. Introduction
2. Cooking practices
3. Measuring fuel consumption and efficiency
3.1 Fuel consumption
3.2 Energy consumption
3.3 Efficiency
3.4 Test parameter selection4. Simulation testing
5. Procedures for a series of cookstove performance tests
5.1 Test type in relation to testing objective
5.2 Variability between tests
5.3 Comparison of the relative fuel usage of two stoves6. Interpretation of test data
6.1 Characterizing a series of tests
6.2 Data analysis in comparative testsAppendix III-1 - Cooking survey questionnaire
Appendix III-2 - Kaya procedure data sheet
Appendix III-3 - T-Table
Appendix III-4 - Choosing appropriate sample sizes
Annex III - (b) Measuring fuelwood and charcoal
2.1 Volume and weight
2.2 Fines
2.3 Converting to roundwood equivalent
Annex IV - Energy use in agriculture and industry
Alternative energy technologies