APPENDIX XI: BULK DENSITY, PELLETABILITY AND PARTICLE SIZE

A. Examples of Bulk Density

Ingredient	Typical Bulk Density
	(mt/m3)
Ipil-ipil leaf meal	0.25 - 0.28
Lima beans	0.72
Gram seeds	0.73
Lentil seeds	0.75
Dried Peas	0.75 - 0.80
Cowpeas	0.76
Lucerne (Alfalfa)	0.25 - 0.35
Dried Citrus pulp	0.32
Hay	0.08 - 0.12
Millets	0.65
Whole Wheat	0.72 - 0.83
Ground Wheat	0.60 - 0.62
Wheat bran	0.17 - 0.25
Ground Barley	0.38 - 0.41
Rice grains	0.72
Rice bran	0.32 - 0.33
Ground Maize	0.60 - 0.64
Maize gluten feed	0.41 - 0.52
Maize gluten meal	0.51 - 0.68
Maize germ meal	0.56
Coconut meal	0.43 - 0.46
Exp. Soybean meal	0.57 - 0.64
44% Ext. Soybean meal	0.56 - 0.60
50% Ext. Soybean meal	0.65 - 0.67
Groundnut oilcake	0.60
Groundnut meal	0.46
Sesame oil cake	0.46
Cottonseed oil meal	0.59 - 0.64
Sunflower oil cake	0.41 - 0.60
Exp. Mustard oil meal	0.73 - 0.76
Meat meal	0.59 - 0.64
Meat + Bone meal	0.64
Blood meal	0.61
Bone meal	0.80 - 0.96
Fish meal	0.48 - 0.64
Shrimp meal	0.40
Poultry by-product meal	0.54 - 0.60
Dried whey	0.56 - 0.73
Molasses	1.33
Dried Brewer's grains	0.22 - 0.25
Limestone	1.08 - 1.14
Calcium carbonate	1.20
Fine Salt	1.12 - 1.28
Water	1.00

Sources: Göhl (1981), Pfost and Pickering (1976), ADCP (1980)

B. Pelletability

Ingredient	Pelletability 1/
Dried Lucerne	P
Blood meal	P
Brewers grain	P
Coconut meal	P
Exp. Cottonseed meal	M
Fish meal	M-P
Exp. Groundnut meal	G
Ipil-Ipil leaf meal	P
Lipids	P
Maize (Corn) meal	G
Exp. Mustard seed oil meal	M
Rice bran	P
Shrimp meal	P
Exp. Soybean meal	G
Wheat meal	G
Wheat bran	P
Dried Whey	P

1/P = poor M = medium G = good

Particle sizes of feeds are often given in screen (sieve) sizes. These can be confusing, as sieve size numbers vary from country to country. Table 1 will help to prevent misunderstandings. It is essential to know which type the sieve series being quoted belongs to (UK, USA, 'Tyler', Canada, France or Germany). Then the nominal sieve opening size can be looked up.

Source: ADCP (1980)

Table 1: Sieve Sizes
Table 1: Sieve Sizes (contd.1)
Table 1: Sieve Sizes (contd.2)