Table II - Bioassays used in evaluating the gonadotropic potency of pituitary extracts and fractions

No.

Assay

Test animal

Evaluation parameter

Reference

1.

The Vy'un assay
(The Vy'un Unit)

Female loach,
Misgurnus fossilis

Spawning

Kazanskii (1949)

2.

The spawning assay
(The Fish Unit)

Female curimata,
Prochilodus sp.

Spawning

Fontenele (1955)

3.

The spawning assay
(Magur Unit)

Female catfish,
Clarias batrachus

Ovulation

Das and Khan (1962)

4.

Frog spermiation assay

Male frog,
Rana temporaria

Spermiation: appearance of spermatozoa in cloaca

Stroganov and Alpator (1959),
Fontaine and Chauvel (1961)

5.

Fish spermiation assay

Male goldfish,
Carassius auratus
Male hypophysectomized winter flounder,
Pseudopleuronectes americanus

Spermiation and free flow of milt
Spermiation and free flow of milt

Yamazaki and Donaldson (1968a)
Idler and Ng (1979)

6.

Gonadal hydration assay

Female carp,
Cyprinus carpio and goldfish,
Carassius auratus

Hydration in ovaries

Clemens and Grant (1964)

7.

Uptake of ³²P in testes say

The immature eel,
Anguilla anguilla

Incorporation of ³²P in the testes

Burzawa-Gérard and Fontaine (1965)

8.

The ovulation and spawning assay

The hypophysectomized female gravid catfish,
Heteropneustes fossilis

Ovulation and spawning

Sundararaj and Goswami (1966a),
Sundararaj and Anand (1972)

9.

The courtship behaviour and spawning assay

Gravid females of the puntius carp,
Puntius gonionotus
The silver carp,
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
The grass carp,
Ctenopharyngodon idellus
The common carp,
Cyprinus carpio and
The bighead carp,
Aristichthys nobilis

Courtship behaviour, ovulation and spawning

Sinha (1969, 1971)

10.

Ovarian adenyl cyclase activity assay

The goldfish,
Carassius auratus

Increase in adenyl cyclase activity in ovarian homogenates

Fontaine, Burzawa-Gérard and Delerue-Labele (1970)

11.

Immature carp ovarian cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic-AMP) production assay

The grass carp,
Ctenopharyngodon idella and
The rainbow trout,
Salmo gairdneri

Cyclic-AMP production

Idler, Hwang and Bazar (1975)

12.

Chick testicular radio phosphate uptake assay

Day-old chick

Augmentation of ³²P uptake in testes

Donald son et al. (1972),
Idler, Bazar and Hwang (1975a)

13.

Testicular uptake of radiophosphate and tritiated leucine and isotopic incorporation into proteins assay

Hypophysectomized male winter flounder,
Pseudopleuronectes americanus

Incorporation of radiolabels into proteins

Ng and Idler (1978 a, b)

14.

Vitellogenic activity by the incorporation of radiolabels (H₃³³PO₄ and ¹⁴C-leucine) into lipophosphoprotein fraction of ovary assay

Hypophysectomized female winter flounder,
Pseudopleuronectes americanus

Incorporation of radiolabels into lipophosphoprotein fraction of ovary

Ng and Idler (1978b)

15.

In vitro oocyte maturation assay

Eggs from frog
Rana temporaria

Germinal vesicle breakdown

Burzawa-Gérard, Goncharov and Fontaine (1975a)

16.

In vivo oocyte maturation assay

Hypophysectomized female winter flounder
Pseudopleuronectes americanus

Peripheral migration of germinal vesicle and its breakdown

Ng and Idler (1978a)

No.	Assay	Test animal	Evaluation parameter	Reference
1.	The Vy'un assay (The Vy'un Unit)	Female loach, Misgurnus fossilis	Spawning	Kazanskii (1949)
2.	The spawning assay (The Fish Unit)	Female curimata, Prochilodus sp.	Spawning	Fontenele (1955)
3.	The spawning assay (Magur Unit)	Female catfish, Clarias batrachus	Ovulation	Das and Khan (1962)
4.	Frog spermiation assay	Male frog, Rana temporaria	Spermiation: appearance of spermatozoa in cloaca	Stroganov and Alpator (1959), Fontaine and Chauvel (1961)
5.	Fish spermiation assay	Male goldfish, Carassius auratus Male hypophysectomized winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus	Spermiation and free flow of milt Spermiation and free flow of milt	Yamazaki and Donaldson (1968a) Idler and Ng (1979)
6.	Gonadal hydration assay	Female carp, Cyprinus carpio and goldfish, Carassius auratus	Hydration in ovaries	Clemens and Grant (1964)
7.	Uptake of ³²P in testes say	The immature eel, Anguilla anguilla	Incorporation of ³²P in the testes	Burzawa-Gérard and Fontaine (1965)
8.	The ovulation and spawning assay	The hypophysectomized female gravid catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis	Ovulation and spawning	Sundararaj and Goswami (1966a), Sundararaj and Anand (1972)
9.	The courtship behaviour and spawning assay	Gravid females of the puntius carp, Puntius gonionotus The silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix The grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus The common carp, Cyprinus carpio and The bighead carp, Aristichthys nobilis	Courtship behaviour, ovulation and spawning	Sinha (1969, 1971)
10.	Ovarian adenyl cyclase activity assay	The goldfish, Carassius auratus	Increase in adenyl cyclase activity in ovarian homogenates	Fontaine, Burzawa-Gérard and Delerue-Labele (1970)
11.	Immature carp ovarian cyclic 3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic-AMP) production assay	The grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella and The rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri	Cyclic-AMP production	Idler, Hwang and Bazar (1975)
12.	Chick testicular radio phosphate uptake assay	Day-old chick	Augmentation of ³²P uptake in testes	Donald son et al. (1972), Idler, Bazar and Hwang (1975a)
13.	Testicular uptake of radiophosphate and tritiated leucine and isotopic incorporation into proteins assay	Hypophysectomized male winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus	Incorporation of radiolabels into proteins	Ng and Idler (1978 a, b)
14.	Vitellogenic activity by the incorporation of radiolabels (H₃³³PO₄ and ¹⁴C-leucine) into lipophosphoprotein fraction of ovary assay	Hypophysectomized female winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus	Incorporation of radiolabels into lipophosphoprotein fraction of ovary	Ng and Idler (1978b)
15.	In vitro oocyte maturation assay	Eggs from frog Rana temporaria	Germinal vesicle breakdown	Burzawa-Gérard, Goncharov and Fontaine (1975a)
16.	In vivo oocyte maturation assay	Hypophysectomized female winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus	Peripheral migration of germinal vesicle and its breakdown	Ng and Idler (1978a)