SEED PRODUCTION
| Working Paper | ARAC/87/WP/13 |
|
SEED PRODUCTION |
G. A. DELINCE, D. CAMPBELL, J.A.L. JANSSEN,
and M. N. KUTTY
African Regional Aquaculture Centre
Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Lectures presented at ARAC for the Senior Aquaculturists Course
AFRICAN REGIONAL AQUACULTURE CENTRE, PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA
CENTRE REGIONAL AFRICAN D'AQUACULTURE, PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA
UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
NIGERIAN INSTITUTE FOR OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE RESEARCH
PROJECT RAF/82/009
JULY, 1987
Hyperlinks to non-FAO Internet sites do not imply any official endorsement of or responsibility for the opinions, ideas, data or products presented at these locations, or guarantee the validity of the information provided. The sole purpose of links to non-FAO sites is to indicate further information available on related topics.
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software. FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
CHAPTER 1. SEED PRODUCTION - AN OVERVIEW
G. A. DELINCE
1.3. Methods of Seed Production
1.3.1. Collection of seed from the wild
1.3.1.1. Catfish
1.3.1.2. Milkfish
1.3.1.3. Mullet
1.3.1.4. Shrimps
1.3.1.5. Problems with natural seed collection
compared to reproduction in captivity
1.3.2. Production in fish hatcheries
1.3.2.1.1. Capture of wild fish
1.3.2.1.2. Broodstock raised on the farm
1.3.2.1.3. Care of broodstock
1.3.2.2.1. Methods and terminology
1.3.2.2.2. Hormonal substances used for spawning and their
way of action
1.3.2.2.2.1. Hypophysation
1.3.2.2.2.2. Hypothalamic hormones
1.3.2.2.2.3. Steroid hormones
1.3.2.3.1. Common carp
1.3.2.3.2. Heterotis niloticus
1.3.2.3.3. Clarias gariepinus
1.3.2.3.4. Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus
1.3.2.3.5. Tilapia species
1.3.2.3.5.1. Tilapia spawning techniques
1.4.1. Different kinds of incubators
1.4.1.1 Box or through incubators
1.4.1.2 Jar type incubators
1.4.1.3 Incubation in aerated tanks
1.4.1.4 Incubation in hapas
1.4.1.5 Incubation in the atmosphere in aspersion chambers
1.4.2 Causes of egg mortality and treatment of eggs
1.4.3 Accelerating hatching
1.4.4 Larval activity
1.4.5 Organisation of a hatchery
1.4.5.1 Broodstock holding facilities
1.4.5.2 Hatchery and annexes
1.4.5.3 Facilities for newly hatched fry
1.5. Larval and Early Fry Rearing
1.5.1 Feeds that are used and can be used by larval fish
1.5.2 Diseases and parasites, prophylaxis and treatments
1.5.3 Pond rearing
1.5.4 Nutural feeding in an artificial environment
CHAPTER 2. MASS PRODUCTION OF TILAPIA FRY
D. CAMPBELL
2.2. Mass Production of Oreochromis niloticus
2.2.1. Spawning habits of O. niloticus
2.3. Mass Production in Ponds and Cages, Cote d'Ivoire
2.4. Pond Production Using Manures
2.5. Pond and Running Water System
2.6. Raceway System, Cote d'Ivoire
CHAPTER 3. MASS PRODUCTION OF FRY AND FINGERLINGS OF AFRICAN CATFISH CLARIAS GARIEPINUS
J. A. L. JANSSEN
3.2. Steps in Artificial Propagation
3.3.1 Capture of brood fish
3.3.2 Size of brood stock
3.3.3 Rearing of brood fish
3.3.4 Selection of brood fish for artificial propagation
3.4.1 Compounds used for induced breeding and dosages
3.4.2 Preparation of pituitary gland solution
3.4.3 Hormone administration
3.5. Procurement of Sexual Products
3.5.1 Procurement of ripe eggs
3.5.2 Procurement of milt
3.8. Technology of Larval Rearing
3.8.1 Separation of larvae from egg shells and spoiled eggs
3.8.2 Larval rearing technique
3.9.1.1 Nursing of early fry
3.9.1.2 Nursing of advanced fry
3.9.2. Nursing in earthen ponds
3.9.2.1 Description of nursery ponds
3.9.2.2 Preparation of the nursing pond
3.9.2.3 Preparation and stocking of the fry
3.9.2.4 Management of nursery ponds
3.9.2.5 Harvesting
3.9.3. Hatchery nursing versus pond nursing
3.10. Hatchery and Catfish Fingerling Distribution Centre
3.10.1 Hatchery nursed fingerlings centre
3.10.2 Pond nursed fingerling centre
CHAPTER 4. TRANSPORT OF FISH SEED AND BROOD FISH
M. N. KUTTY
4.1.1 Causes of mortality in transport
4.1.2 Physiological effects of handling and transport on fish
4.2. Conditioning of Fish before Transportation
4.3. Methods of Packing and Transport
4.3.1 Open system
4.3.2 Closed system
4.4. Use of Chemicals in Live-fish Transport
4.4.1 Dosages of drugs used
4.4.2 Use of antiseptics and antibiotics
4.5. Determination of Live-fish Load of Open Containers without Oxygen Supply
4.6. General Remarks and Conclusion
Appendices